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Presentation: Prevalence in health

The following presentation looks at prevalence rates of health problems.  An essay on prevalence may focus on limitations of how they are calculated, ways that they are used (to evaluate a health program or law), or factors that may affect prevalence rates.

You are not expected to learn all of the material in this presentation.  When using this study for revision, remember to:

  • Be able to define key concept.
  • Learn 2 - 3 studies that you feel you understand.  You may also, instead, learn studies from the textbook or from your teacher.
  • Focus on key evaluation points

The presentation

Limitations of prevalence research

Even if the prevalence of a health problem increases or decreases as a result of a societal or environmental change, it is not possible to establish a cause and effect relationship.

The way that data is collected to calculate prevalence rates is problematic.  These problems include the reliance on self-reported data, operationalization of variables (e.g. the limitations of BMI) and obtaining a valid sample with enough participants.

Comparing prevalence rates over time is problematic because there are so many variables that could account for any difference over time.