Acids and bases

For each question choose the answer you consider to be the best.

1. Which species act as Brønsted - Lowry acids in the following reactions?

NH₂⁻(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ NH₃(aq) + OH⁻(aq)

CH₃NH₂(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ CH₃NH₃⁺ (aq) + OH⁻(aq)

I. NH₃(aq)

II. CH₃NH₃⁺ (aq)

III. H₂O(l)

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

2. Which is a Brønsted - Lowry conjugate acid/ base pair?

A. H₃O⁺ / OH⁻

B. OH⁻ / O²⁻

C. H₂SO₄ / SO₄²⁻

D. NH₄⁺ / NH₂⁻

3. In which reaction is HSO₄⁻(aq) acting as a Brønsted - Lowry base?

A. HSO₄⁻(aq) + NH₃(aq) → SO₄²⁻(aq) + NH₄⁺(aq)

B. HSO₄⁻(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → SO₄^2−-(aq) + H₂O(l)

C HSO₄⁻(aq) + CH₃COOH(aq) → H₂SO₄(aq) + CH₃COO⁻(aq)

D. HSO₄⁻(aq) + CH₃NH₂(aq) → SO₄²⁻(aq) + CH₃NH₃⁺(aq)

4. Which species act as Brønsted - Lowry bases in the reaction between nitric acid and sulfuric acid?

HNO₃ + H₂SO₄ ⇌ H₂NO₃⁺ + HSO₄⁻

A. HNO₃ + H₂SO₄

B. H₂SO₄ + H₂NO₃⁺

C. HNO₃ + HSO₄⁻

D. H₂NO₃⁺ + HSO₄⁻

5. Which acids cause acid deposition?

I. H₂SO₄

II. HNO₃

III. H₂CO₃.

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

6. What is the pH of acid rain?

A. 5.6

B. Less than 5.6

C. More than 5.6

D. More than 5.6 but less than 7.0

7. Which gives an acidic solution when dissolved in water?

A. CH₃COOH

B. CH₃CHO

C. CH₃CH₂OH

D. CH₃COCH₃

8. Which substance reacts with dilute nitric acid to produce hydrogen gas?

A. FeCO₃

B. Fe(OH)₃

C. Fe₂O₃

D. Fe

9. Which substance will not react with hydrochloric acid to form a salt?

A. Ag

B. Zn

C. CuCO₃

D. Ca(OH)₂

10. Which substance is not a base?

A. CuO

B. NaCl

C. NaHCO₃

D. CuCO₃

11. Which list contains only strong acids?

A. HCl, HNO₃, H₂CO₃

B. HCl, HNO₃, H₂SO₄

C. CH₃COOH, H₂CO₃, H₂SO₄

D. H₂SO₄, HNO₃, CH₃COOH

12. Which list contains only strong bases?

A. Ba(OH)₂, CH₃NH₂, KOH

B. NH₃, KOH, NaOH

C. Ba(OH)₂, KOH, NaOH

D. NaOH, CH₃NH₂, NH₃

13. Which statements are correct for equal volumes of solutions of carbonic acid, H₂CO₃(aq), and hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq) with the same concentration?

I. HCl is more dissociated than H₂CO₃.

II. HCl will have a higher pH than H₂CO3.

III. HCl will be a better electrical conductor than H₂CO₃.

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

14. Which can be used to distinguish between a solution of a strong monoprotic acid and a solution of weak monoprotic acid with the same concentration?

I. Add zinc to each solution and measure the rate of formation of gas produced.

II. Add sodium hydroxide solution to each solution and measure the temperature change.

III. Measure the pH

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

15. Separate 1.0 mol dm^-3 solutions of hydrochloric acid and ethanoic acid reacted completely with 10.0 g of calcium carbonate to give carbon dioxide. Which is a correct statement?

A. Both acids also gave hydrogen as a product.

B. The hydrochloric acid solution reacted faster as it has a higher pH.

C. The ethanoic acid solution gave a larger amount of gas.

D. Both solutions produced an equal amount of gas.

16. What is the correct order of increasing pH value for 1.0 mol dm^-3 solutions of the four substances?

A. HCl < CH₃COOH < NH₃ < KOH

B. CH₃COOH < HCl < KOH < NH₃

C. KOH < NH₃ < CH₃COOH < HCl

D. NH₃ < KOH < HCl < CH₃COOH

17. Which will change the pH of a solution from a value of 2 to a value of 4?

A. Doubling the concentration of H⁺(aq).

B. Doubling the concentration of OH⁻(aq).

C. Decreasing the concentration of H⁺(aq) by a factor of 100.

D. Decreasing the concentration of OH⁻(aq) by a factor of 100.

18. Which compound will produce a solution with a pH greater than 7 when dissolved in water?

A. NaCl

B. NaHSO₄

C. Na₂O

D. NaNO₃

19. What will happen to the value of the pH of 1 cm³ of a solution of a strong base when 999 cm³ of water are added to it?

A. It will decrease by 3

B. It will increase by 3

C. It will decrease by a factor of 3

D. It will increase by a factor of 3

20. The pH of solution A is 1 and the pH of solution B is 2. Which is a correct statement?

A. [H⁺(aq)] in A is ten times that in B.

B. [H⁺(aq)] in B is ten times that in A.

C. [H⁺(aq)] in A is twice that in B.

D. [H⁺(aq)] in A is half that in B.

Answers

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