A gardener accidentally cut off the apical meristem while pruning a shrub in her garden. After a few weeks she noticed some changes in the growth of the shrub.
Which of the following would most accurately describe these changes?
The shrub would grow much taller and the axillary buds would be inhibited
The main stem of the shrub would greatly increase in diameter
The axillary buds will develop and lead to greater branching in the shrub
The axillary buds will be inhibited leading to less branching in the shrub
Choose your answer A B C D
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Which of the following meristems is correctly matched with the tissue that it can form?
Meristem
Tissue
A
Ground tissue
Parenchyma forming the pith
B
Protoderm
Collenchyma forming supportive tissue
C
Procambium
Epidermis
D
Protoderm
Xylem and Phloem
Choose your answer A B C D
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A pot plant falls over and after a few days shows the following growth pattern.
Which of the following is the most accurate explanation for the growth shown at each of the labels on the diagram?
This part of the stem demonstrates negative gravitropism in order to receive the maximum amount of sunlight for photosynthesis
This part of the stem shows positive phototropism as it will bend towards the light
The lateral roots demonstrates negative gravitropism as they are not growing towards gravity
The main root shows positive gravitropism as it is bending towards gravity
Choose your answer A B C D
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What would not be considered a function of auxins?
Stimulates cell elongation in shoots, leading to an increase in plant height
Stimulates the development of axillary buds further away from the shoot apical meristem
Inhibits the development of axillary buds close to the shoot apical meristem
Inhibits cell elongation in root cells, therefore slowing down root growth
Choose your answer A B C D
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The following steps describe the possible pathway of gene expression affecting the transport of auxin in a plant.
This affects the expression of certain genes coding for PIN3 proteins
There is a change in their 3D shape
Light energy is absorbed by phototropins
Phototropins bind to receptors inside the cell
Which of the following represents the correct order of these steps?
Choose your answer A B C D
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Which would be the most accurate description and explanation for the growth response that would be observed in the shoot tip below?
Description
Explanation
A
The shoot tip grows away from the light source
Auxins inhibit cell elongation on the shady side of the shoot tip
B
The shoot tip grows towards the light source
Auxins inhibit cell elongation on the side of the light source
C
The shoot tip continues to grow straight up
Auxins are evenly distributed across the shoot tip
D
The shoot tip grows towards the light source
Auxins cause cell elongation on the shady side of the shoot tip
Choose your answer A B C D
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Which of the following would explain the reason why a root turned on its side shows positive gravitropism?
Statoliths will accumulate on the lower side of cells due to gravity
PIN3 transporter proteins will distribute to the upper side of the root
High concentration of auxin on the upper side of the root will inhibit cell elongation
Cells elongate at a higher rate at the lower side of the root
Choose your answer A B C D
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Microarrays have provided more advanced opportunities for scientists to understand plant growth responses.
What has been the greatest advantage of using microarrays in this field of study?
It provides a visible way to determine the concentration of plant growth substances in certain cells
Predictions can be made regarding the expression of certain genes in different plant species
It provides a visible way to determine the level of gene expression in certain cells
The distribution of plant growth substance levels can be determined in different parts of the plant
Choose your answer A B C D
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The following diagram shows part of the process of micropropagation.
What property of the growth medium correctly describes how the explants will develop?
Auxin : Cytokinin
Description of plant development
A
Greater than 10 : 1
The explant will develop shoots and begin to photosynthesise
B
1 : 1
Development of both roots and shoots will take place
C
Less than 10 : 1
The explant will develop roots and can be planted in soil
D
1 : 1
Develop into an undifferentiated group of cells called a callus
Choose your answer A B C D
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Which of the following would not be considered an application of micropropagation?
Producing many copies of new varieties of endangered plant species to allow for replanting in the wild
Producing strains of existing plant varieties that are free from viral, fungal and bacterial infections
Creating new varieties of endangered plant species to allow for replanting in the wild
Preserving favourable characteristics in commercially valuable plant species
Choose your answer A B C D
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