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DP IB Biology: HL

Topic Questions

Home / IB / Biology: HL / DP / Topic Questions / 5. Evolution & Biodiversity / 5.2 Classification & Cladistics / Structured Questions: Paper 2


5.2 Classification & Cladistics

Question 1a

Marks: 2
a)

The gray wolf (Canis lupus) and the coyote (Canis latrans) are both predators occurring across large parts of North America. Coyotes are smaller than gray wolves and its diet consists of a variety of smaller prey animals, such as hares, rodents, birds and reptiles, while gray wolves hunt larger prey such as deer, elk and moose.

State the genus and species name of the gray wolf and the coyote.

[2 marks]

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    Question 1b

    Marks: 1
    b)

    Organisms are grouped into different taxonomic groups, the largest of which is known as the domain.

    Identify the domain to which the gray wolf and coyote belong to.
    [1 mark]
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      Key Concepts
      Domains

      Question 1c

      Marks: 2
      c)

      List two features of all organisms that belong to the domain identified in part b).

      [2 marks]

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        Key Concepts
        Domains

        Question 1d

        Marks: 1
        d)

        The grouping of the gray wolf and coyote is an example of natural classification which can be challenging to carry out accurately.

        State one technological development that has enabled natural classification to be done more accurately.

        [1 mark]

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          Key Concepts
          Natural Classification

          Question 2a

          Marks: 1
          a)

          Study the following diagram showing some features of specimen A.

          JoUNFTnr_e-2a

          Use the dichotomous key below to identify the class that specimen A belongs to.

          EQmbWkIY_5-2-easy-q2a-table

          [1 mark]

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            Key Concepts
            Dichotomous Keys

            Question 2b

            Marks: 2
            b)

            Specimen A is classified by using a natural classification system.

            Define the term 'natural classification'.

            [2 marks]

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              Key Concepts
              Natural Classification

              Question 2c

              Marks: 2
              c)

              Natural classification can be very useful in conducting research in the field of biodiversity.

              List two advantages of natural classification systems.

              [2 marks]

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                Key Concepts
                Natural Classification

                Question 2d

                Marks: 1
                d)

                Sometimes developments in cladistics will lead to the reclassification of organisms.

                State one example of reclassification.

                [1 mark]

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                  Question 3a

                  Marks: 2
                  a)

                  The following diagram shows an organism that belongs to the phylum Cnidaria.

                  WTlif3ed_e-3a

                  i)

                  State the type of symmetry that is demonstrated by this organism.

                  [1 mark]

                  ii)

                  List one other visible feature that is unique to phylum Cnidaria.

                  [1 mark]

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                    Key Concepts
                    Animal Phyla Features

                    Question 3b

                    Marks: 2
                    b)

                    The phylum Cnidaria includes a wide range of different organisms.

                    List two examples of organisms that would belong to this phylum.

                    [2 marks]

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                      Key Concepts
                      Animal Phyla Features

                      Question 3c

                      Marks: 1
                      c)

                      State the way in which the organism shown in the diagram at part a) would be able to obtain food.

                      [1 mark]

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                        Key Concepts
                        Animal Phyla Features

                        Question 4a

                        Marks: 1
                        a)

                        Study the following cladogram showing the evolutionary relationship between different mammalians.

                        yxI6Itd-_e-4a

                        Identify the mammalians that are the most closely related according to this cladogram.

                        [1 mark]

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                          Question 4b

                          Marks: 2
                          b)

                          State the purpose of the nodes in the cladogram.

                          [2 marks]

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                            Key Concepts
                            Cladograms

                            Question 4c

                            Marks: 1
                            c)

                            Identify the mammalian group that were the first to branch off and form an independent group from the others.

                            [1 mark]

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                              Question 5a

                              Marks: 3

                              One mark is available for clarity of communication throughout this question.

                              a)

                              State the conventions that should be used when writing binomial names.

                              [3 marks]

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                                Key Concepts
                                Binomial System

                                Question 5b

                                Marks: 3
                                b)

                                Differences in the base sequences of DNA and amino acid sequences of proteins can be used by scientists as a molecular clock.

                                Outline how differences in the base sequences of DNA can be used as a molecular clock.
                                [3 marks]
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                                  Question 5c

                                  Marks: 7
                                  c)

                                  Coniferophytes are commonly known as conifers and are usually tall trees.

                                  List the main features of Coniferophytes.

                                  [7 marks]

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                                    Key Concepts
                                    Plant Phyla Features