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DP IB Biology: HL

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Home / IB / Biology: HL / DP / Topic Questions / 8. Metabolism, Cell Respiration & Photosynthesis (HL Only) / 8.2 Cell Respiration / Structured Questions: Paper 2

8.2 Cell Respiration

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1a 1b 1c 1d 2a 2b 2c 2d 3a 3b 3c 3d 4a 4b 4c 4d 5a 5b 5c

Question 1a

Marks: 2

a)

Mitochondrial diseases in humans cause their mitochondria to malfunction. Individuals that suffer from mitochondrial disease are only able to endure intense exercise for a short period of time.

Explain why this is.

Key Concepts

Stages of Respiration

Question 1b

Marks: 1

b)

The diagram below shows a mitochondrion.

q1b_8-2_cell_respiration_medium_ib_hl_biology_sq

Identify the structures labelled A and B in the diagram

Key Concepts

Structure & Function of the Mitochondrion

Question 1c

Marks: 3

c)

Some forms of mitochondrial dysfunction result in mitochondria that lack fully formed cristae as shown in the diagram below. q1c_8-2_cell_respiration_medium_ib_hl_biology_sq

q1c_8-2_cell_respiration_medium_ib_hl_biology_sq

Suggest, with a reason, the effect of this on the production of ATP.

Key Concepts

Annotating the Adaptations of Mitochondria
Structure & Function of the Mitochondrion

Question 1d

Marks: 1

d)

The diagram below shows glycolysis.

q1d_8-2_cell_respiration_medium_ib_hl_biology_sq

State the net production of ATP and reduced NAD during glycolysis.

Key Concepts

Question 2a

Marks: 3

a)

The Krebs cycle, which takes place in the mitochondrial matrix, releases hydrogen ions.

These hydrogen ions provide a source of energy for the synthesis of ATP, using coenzymes.

Describe the role of the coenzymes in the synthesis of ATP.

Key Concepts

Krebs Cycle
NAD & FAD

Question 2b

Marks: 2

b)

Explain why the link reaction is described as an oxidative decarboxylation reaction.

Key Concepts

Link Reaction
Identifying Decarboxylation & Oxidation in Diagrams

Question 2c

Marks: 2

c)

The diagram below shows the Krebs cycle. q2c_8-2_cell_respiration_medium_ib_hl_biology_sq-png

q2c_8-2_cell_respiration_medium_ib_hl_biology_sq-png

Identify the number of carbon atoms (e.g. 1C) at each stage of the Krebs cycle.

Key Concepts

Question 2d

Marks: 2

d)

NAD and FAD are important electron carriers produced throughout the stages of respiration.

Complete the table below to show how many molecules of NAD and FAD are produced at each stage per molecule of glucose.

Stage of respiration	Number of NAD molecules	Number of FAD molecules
Glycolysis
Link reaction
Krebs cycle
Electron transport chain
Chemiosmosis

Key Concepts

NAD & FAD
Stages of Respiration

Question 3a

Marks: 3

a)

Describe the role of oxygen in respiration.

Key Concepts

Oxygen as the Final Electron Acceptor
The Electron Transport Chain in Respiration

Question 3b

Marks: 3

b)

Outline the events of the electron transport chain.

Key Concepts

The Electron Transport Chain in Respiration
NAD & FAD

Question 3c

Marks: 2

c)

The diagram below shows part of a mitochondrion. q3c_8-2_cell_respiration_medium_ib_hl_biology_sq

q3c_8-2_cell_respiration_medium_ib_hl_biology_sq

Suggest, with a reason, which part of the mitochondrion is shown in the diagram.

Key Concepts

The Electron Transport Chain in Respiration
Chemiosmosis in Respiration

Question 3d

Marks: 1

d)

Label parts A, B and C in the diagram in part c).

Key Concepts

Chemiosmosis in Respiration

Question 4a

Marks: 3

a)

Draw an annotated diagram of a mitochondrion as seen through an electron microscope.

Key Concepts

Annotating the Adaptations of Mitochondria
Electron Micrographs of Mitochondria

Question 4b

Marks: 2

b)

Electron tomography has been used to make new discoveries about mitochondria.

Describe features of the mitochondria that have been identified by the use of electron tomography.

Key Concepts

Electron Micrographs of Mitochondria

Question 4c

Marks: 1

c)

The diagram below shows the cristae of a mitochondrion viewed with a magnification of x7000. q4c_8-2_cell_respiration_medium_ib_hl_biology_sq-png

q4c_8-2_cell_respiration_medium_ib_hl_biology_sq-png

Use the information from the diagram and above to calculate the actual size space between A and B.

Key Concepts

Electron Micrographs of Mitochondria

Question 4d

Marks: 3

d)

Phosphorylation occurs on the cristae membrane.

i. Describe the process of phosphorylation of ATP.

ii. State the stage(s) of respiration in which substrate level phosphorylation occurs.

Key Concepts

Phosphorylation

Question 5a

Marks: 8

One mark is available for clarity of communication throughout this question.

a)

Describe the mechanism by which ATP is formed in the mitochondria.

Key Concepts

Stages of Respiration

Question 5b

Marks: 4

b)

In the 1960s Peter Mitchell developed the theory of chemiosmosis which was a novel idea from the current theories.

Outline the key principles of his hypothesis that made it a paradigm shift.

Key Concepts

Chemiosmosis in Respiration

Question 5c

Marks: 3

c)

Explain the relationship between the structure of the mitochondria and how it's related to its function.

Key Concepts

Structure & Function of the Mitochondrion
Annotating the Adaptations of Mitochondria

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