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DP IB Biology: HL

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Home / IB / Biology: HL / DP / Topic Questions / 6. Human Physiology / 6.1 Digestion & Absorption / Structured Questions: Paper 2


6.1 Digestion & Absorption

Question 1a

Marks: 1
a)

The diagram below shows a structure found in the small intestine.

iwYCrqY7_e-1a

Identify this structure.

[1 mark]

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    Question 1b

    Marks: 2
    b)

    Identify structures B and in the diagram in part a).

    [2 marks]

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      Question 1c

      Marks: 2

      c)

      i)

      Identify structure A in the diagram in part a).

      [1 mark]

      ii)

      State one function of structure A.

      [1 mark]

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        Key Concepts
        Villi: Absorption

        Question 1d

        Marks: 2
        d)

        The products of digestion are absorbed by means of different membrane transport mechanisms.

        List two mechanisms by which the products of digestion can be absorbed.

        [2 marks]

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          Key Concepts
          Methods of Absorption

          Question 2a

          Marks: 1
          a)

          The following diagram illustrates the steps involved in the digestion of starch.

          5Qr2xt3N_e-2a

          State the name of product 1.

          [1 mark]

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            Question 2b

            Marks: 2
            b)

            Enzyme X is responsible for completing the digestion of starch.

            i)

            State the name of enzyme X.  

            [1 mark]

            ii)
            Identify the type of bond that is broken by enzyme X to form product 2.

            [1 mark]

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              Question 2c

              Marks: 2
              c)

              The digestion of starch occurs in various parts of the digestive system.

              Identify two parts of the digestive system where starch digestion occurs.

              [2 marks]

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                Question 2d

                Marks: 1
                d)

                Product 2 represents the final product of starch digestion.

                Identify product 2.

                [1 mark]

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                  Question 3a

                  Marks: 2
                  a)

                  A group of students set up an experiment to investigate membrane permeability using dialysis tubing. The diagram below shows their experimental set-up.9eqyGTS3_e-3a

                  The students measured the mass of the dialysis tubing and its contents at the start of the experiment (0 minutes) and then again at 5 minute time intervals for 30 minutes. Their results are shown in the following table.

                  Time / min Mass / g
                  0 15.4
                  5 15.8
                  10 16.1
                  15 16.5
                  20 16.9
                  25 17.2
                  30 17.6

                  Calculate the increase in mass. Show your working.

                  [2 marks]

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                    Question 3b

                    Marks: 1
                    b)

                    Using the results in part a), state the direction in which water moved during the experiment.

                    [1 mark]

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                      Question 3c

                      Marks: 2
                      c)

                      Dialysis tubing is often used to model digestion and absorption in the small intestine.

                      Describe one characteristic of dialysis tubing that makes it suitable for this purpose.

                      [2 marks]

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                        Question 3d

                        Marks: 1
                        d)

                        The students also tested the water surrounding the dialysis tubing for the presence of glucose and starch throughout the investigation.

                        State their expected results.

                        [1 mark]

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                          Question 4a

                          Marks: 1
                          a)

                          The following micrograph shows the different layers of the small intestine.

                          ALC4yyMb_e-4a

                          Image courtesy of Juan Carlos Fonseca Mata. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International licence. Reused and distributed under conditions found at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

                          Layer Z is responsible for peristalsis in the small intestine.

                          State one function of peristalsis in the small intestine.

                          [1 mark]

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                            Key Concepts
                            Peristalsis

                            Question 4b

                            Marks: 3
                            b)

                            Layer Z contains two layers of smooth muscle.

                            i)

                            Identify the two layers of smooth muscle.

                            [1 mark]

                            ii)

                            State the role of each muscle layer.

                            [2 marks]

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                              Question 4c

                              Marks: 2
                              c)

                              Layer X is responsible for absorption.

                              State what is meant by the term 'absorption'.

                              [2 marks]

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                                Key Concepts
                                Villi: Absorption

                                Question 4d

                                Marks: 2
                                d)

                                Layer Y contains important structures that facilitate transport of absorbed substances.

                                i)

                                Identify layer Y.

                                [1 mark]

                                ii)

                                Identify two structures found in layer Y that facilitate the transport of absorbed substances.

                                [1 mark]

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                                  Question 5a

                                  Marks: 3

                                  One mark is available for clarity of communication throughout this question.

                                  a)

                                  Absorption of digested food molecules, vitamins, and minerals occurs in the ileum.

                                  State three adaptations of the ileum that increases the surface area for absorption.

                                  [3 marks]

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                                    Question 5b

                                    Marks: 5
                                    b)

                                    Draw a labelled diagram of the digestive system.

                                    [5 marks]

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                                      Question 5c

                                      Marks: 5
                                      c)

                                      Outline the roles of pancreatic juice. Include the names of relevant enzymes in your answer.

                                      [5 marks]

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