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DP IB Physics: HL

Topic Questions

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4.3 Wave Characteristics

Question 1

Marks: 1

Two polarisers have polarising axes that make an angle of 30° to each other. Unpolarised light of intensity I subscript 0 is incident on the first polariser. Light of intensity I subscript 1 passes between the first and second polarisers. After passing through the second polariser, light of intensity I subscript 2 emerges.

sin left parenthesis 30 right parenthesis space equals space 1 half

cos left parenthesis 30 right parenthesis space equals space fraction numerator square root of 3 over denominator 2 end fraction

tan left parenthesis 30 right parenthesis space equals space fraction numerator square root of 3 over denominator 3 end fraction

Considering the trigonometric ratios above, which line in the table correctly identifies the ratio I subscript 0 over I subscript 1 and I subscript 0 over I subscript 2?

  begin mathsize 14px style bold italic I subscript bold 0 over bold italic I subscript bold 1 end style bold italic I subscript bold italic 0 over bold italic I subscript bold italic 2
A. 1 half 3 over 4
B. 1 half begin mathsize 16px style 3 over 8 end style
C. 3 over 4 3 over 8
D. 3 over 4 begin mathsize 16px style 3 over 4 end style
    Choose your answer
      

    Question 2

    Marks: 1

    A ripple tank is used to demonstrate the movement of progressive waves. In the tank, a wave is set in motion from left to right.

    The wave is shown at time t = 0. Points X and Y on the wave have been marked.

    q11_wave-characteristics_ib-sl-physics-mcq

    Which option correctly shows the displacement-time graphs for both X and Y?

    q11-2_wave-characteristics_ib-sl-physics-mcq

      Choose your answer
        
      Key Concepts
      Wavefronts

      Question 3

      Marks: 1

      Two microwave transmitters are arranged to ensure that their waves undergo superposition and create a stationary wave made up of nodes and antinodes.

       

      Which line correctly identifies the formula and a likely value for the minimum distance between the nodes of the stationary wave?

       

      formula

      distance /cm

      A.

       c over f

      30

      B.

       c over f

      0.05

      C.

       fraction numerator c over denominator 2 f end fraction

      30

      D.

       fraction numerator c over denominator 2 f end fraction

      0.05

        Choose your answer
          

        Question 4

        Marks: 1

        Two pulses are travelling towards each other.

        q13_wave-characteristics_ib-sl-physics-mcq

        What is a possible shape observed when the pulses undergo superposition?

        q13-2_wave-characteristics_ib-sl-physics-mcq

          Choose your answer
            
          Key Concepts
          Superposition

          Question 5

          Marks: 1

          Two wave fronts, each having amplitude A, travel towards each other, superpose, and continue with their motion.

          What is the total amplitude during superposition and then the individual amplitudes following it?

          q14_wave-characteristics_ib-sl-physics-mcq

           

          total amplitude during superposition

          individual amplitudes following superposition

          A.

          A

          A

          B.

          2A

          < A

          C.

          2A

          A

          D.

          4A

          > A

            Choose your answer
              

            Question 6

            Marks: 1

            Two waves which are in phase are produced by point sources at X and Y. The waves have amplitude A when they pass position Z.

            In the arrangement shown, if the wavelength of the waves is 2 cm, what is the amplitude of the oscillation seen at Z?

            q15_wave-characteristics_ib-sl-physics-mcq

            • 0

            • A

            • 2A

            • A2

            Choose your answer
              
            Key Concepts
            Amplitude & Intensity

            Question 7

            Marks: 1

            A signal generator emits sound waves of amplitude A. The sound intensity at a distance d from the source is I.

            What is the correct sound intensity detected at a distance  d over 3 from the source when the source emits waves of amplitude 3A?

            • 1 over 81 l

            • 1 over 9 l

            • 9 l

            • 81 l

            Choose your answer
              

            Question 8

            Marks: 1

            A beam of unpolarised light, I0, is incident on a polarising filter X. The filter has been set up so that its transmission axis is parallel to that of a second filter Y.

            Filter X is rotated by an angle which is approximately 30o.

            LzgAYvTl_q17_wave-characteristics_ib-sl-physics-mcq

            Which line correctly describes beam I2 being emitted from filter Y?

             

            polarisation

            intensity

            A.

            no change

            different

            B.

            different

            different

            C.

            no change

            no change

            D.

            different

            no change

              Choose your answer
                

              Question 9

              Marks: 1

              Unpolarised light of intensity I0 is incident on the first of two polarising sheets. Initially the transmission axes are parallel.

              q19_wave-characteristics_ib-sl-physics-mcq

              ­­Which sheet must be rotated and by what angle so that light of intensity begin mathsize 14px style 1 fourth end styleI0 emerges from the second sheet?

              You may use the fact that

              cos 45 =fraction numerator square root of 2 over denominator space space space 2 end fraction

              cos 60 = 1 half

              cos 90 = 0

               

              sheet

              angle of rotation

              A.

              1 only

              cos−1fraction numerator 2 over denominator square root of 2 end fraction

              B.

              1 and 2

              cos−1fraction numerator square root of 2 over denominator space space space 2 end fraction

              C.

              1 or 2

              cos−1fraction numerator square root of 2 over denominator space space space 2 end fraction

              D.

              2 only

              cos−11 half

                Choose your answer
                  
                Key Concepts
                Wavefronts

                Question 10

                Marks: 1

                The graph shows the displacement y, with distance x, of air molecules vibrating due to a sound wave of frequency 261 Hz travelling to the right.

                Positive values of y indicate displacement of the particles to the right.

                q20_1_wave-characteristics_ib-sl-physics-mcq

                Which row correctly shows the positions of a compression (C) and rarefaction (R) at the moment shown and then 3.8 × 10−3 seconds later?

                 

                0.0 seconds

                3.8 × 10−3 seconds
                 

                C /cm

                R /cm

                C /cm

                R /cm

                A.

                0.0

                1.0

                0.0

                1.0

                B.

                1.0

                2.0

                2.0

                3.0

                C.

                3.0

                1.0

                3.0

                1.0

                D.

                3.0

                1.0

                4.0

                2.0

                  Choose your answer
                    
                  Key Concepts
                  Superposition