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DP IB Physics: HL

Topic Questions

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2.1 Motion

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Question 1a

Marks: 3

A rock is thrown off a cliff at a height of 150 m and lands 90 m away. 

(a)

(i)
Calculate the speed at which it was thrown.
[2]
(ii)
State an assumption required to obtain your answer.
[1]
    Assess your score
      
    Key Concepts
    Equations of Motion for Uniform Acceleration
    Projectile Motion

    Question 1b

    Marks: 2
    (b)
    Determine the angle at which the rock makes impact with the ground. 
    [2]
      Assess your score
        
      Key Concepts
      Equations of Motion for Uniform Acceleration
      Projectile Motion

      Question 1c

      Marks: 4

      The rock is loaded into a catapult and is launched at 40° elevation from the ground toward a castle wall, with a speed of 27 m s–1. The castle wall is 50 m away and is 12 m high. 

      (c)
      Determine whether the rock makes it over the wall. 
      [4]
        Assess your score
          
        Key Concepts
        Equations of Motion for Uniform Acceleration
        Projectile Motion

        Question 1d

        Marks: 4
        (d)
        Prove that the maximum range of any projectile that starts and ends at ground level is achieved when launched at an angle of elevation of 45°. 

        You may wish to use the double angle formula:

        sin space 2 A equals 2 space sin space A space cos space A

        [4]

          Assess your score
            
          Key Concepts
          Equations of Motion for Uniform Acceleration
          Projectile Motion

          Question 2a

          Marks: 4

          A truck driver's initial speed is 4.0 m s–1 when they begin to accelerate at 6.0 m s–2. After 3.0 seconds, they decelerate at 5.0 m s–2 to stop at a set of traffic lights. 

          (a)
          Calculate the distance between the traffic lights and the point where the truck began to accelerate. 
          [4]
            Assess your score
              
            Key Concepts
            Acceleration
            Equations of Motion for Uniform Acceleration

            Question 2b

            Marks: 4
            (b)
            Draw the velocity-time graph on the axes provided for the motion of the truck in part (a). 
            sl-sq-2-1-hard-q2b
            [4]
              Assess your score
                
              Key Concepts
              Motion Graphs
              Equations of Motion for Uniform Acceleration

              Question 2c

              Marks: 4
              (c)
              Sketch the displacement-time and acceleration-time graphs for the truck on the pair of axes provided. Label each axes appropriately. 
              sl-sq-2-1-hard-q2c
              [4]
                Assess your score
                  
                Key Concepts
                Motion Graphs

                Question 3a

                Marks: 2

                An object is released near the surface of the Moon at time t = 0. The graph shows the variation of displacement s with time t of the object from the point of release. 

                sl-sq-2-1-hard-q3a

                (a)

                (i)
                State the significance of the negative values of s
                [1]
                (ii)
                State an assumption about the point of release of the object. 
                [1]
                  Assess your score
                    
                  Key Concepts
                  Motion Graphs

                  Question 3b

                  Marks: 2
                  (b)
                  Use the graph to determine a value for the acceleration of free fall close to the surface of the Moon.
                  [2] 
                    Assess your score
                      
                    Key Concepts
                    Motion Graphs

                    Question 3c

                    Marks: 3
                    (c)
                    Use the graph to estimate the instantaneous velocity of the object at t = 1.5 s.
                    [3] 
                      Assess your score
                        
                      Key Concepts
                      Motion Graphs

                      Question 3d

                      Marks: 4
                      (d)

                      (i)
                      Sketch, on the axes provided in part (a), a graph that would show the variation of displacement s with time t if the same object was released close to the surface of the Earth.
                      [2]
                      (ii)
                      Describe and explain the features of your sketch. 
                      [2]
                        Assess your score
                          
                        Key Concepts
                        Motion Graphs

                        Question 4a

                        Marks: 4

                        A projectile is launched from sea level at some angle to the ground θ with an initial velocity v. 

                        (a)
                        On the axes below, sketch graphs to show how the horizontal and vertical components of the velocity of the ball vx and vy change with time t until the projectile hits the ground. 

                        Assume that air resistance is negligible. 
                        sl-sq-2-1-hard-q4a
                        [4]
                          Assess your score
                            
                          Key Concepts
                          Projectile Motion

                          Question 4b

                          Marks: 4
                          (b)
                          In the space provided, sketch lines to represent:

                          (i)
                          The trajectory of the projectile as described in part (a) between the launch location and the point of impact. Label this line X.
                          [1]
                          (ii)
                          The trajectory of the same projectile, launched from the same location, if air resistance was not negligible. Label this line Y.
                          [3]

                          sl-sq-2-1-hard-q4b

                            Assess your score
                              
                            Key Concepts
                            Projectile Motion


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