DP Geography Questionbank

• Syllabus

Optional themes

Sub sections and their related questions

Option A: Freshwater—issues and conflicts

• .2.bp.1ai: State the year when the highest sediment load occurred.
• .2.bp.1aii: State the volume of sediment load in that year at Huangzhang.
• .2.bp.1b: Identify three ways in which the load of a river is transported and briefly describe one of these...
• .2.bp.1c: Referring to the map and graphs, explain how the construction of the Danjiangkou Dam affected...
• .2.bp.1d: Examine the influences of physical factors and human activity on a specific river flood.
• .2.bp.2a: Describe the trend in water shortage between 1990 and 2015 shown on the graph.
• .2.bp.2b: Suggest possible reasons for the changes in supply between 1990 and 2015 shown on the graph.
• .2.bp.2c: Analyse two competing demands for water in a named river basin.
• .2.bp.2d: Referring to one or more examples, examine the environmental effects of ground water abstraction...
• 11M.2.bp.1a: Describe two conditions at point A which would make infiltration rates higher than at point B.
• 11M.2.bp.1b: Explain the consequences of a decrease in the amount of water stored in ice in the hydrological...
• 11M.2.bp.1c: “Strategies adopted to meet the competing demands for water are not always effective.” Discuss...
• 11M.2.bp.2a: Draw a labelled diagram to show the main features of an artesian basin.
• 11M.2.bp.2b: Explain the environmental impacts caused by groundwater abstraction.
• 11M.2.bp.2c: Evaluate the success of the management strategies used in one named wetland area.
• 11N.2.bp.1a: Referring to the diagram, briefly describe two floodplain management strategies.
• 11N.2.bp.1b: Explain how human activities on a floodplain can increase the probability of flooding.
• 11N.2.bp.1c: “Eutrophication is the most damaging agricultural impact on water quality.” Discuss this statement.
• 11N.2.bp.2a: Draw a labelled diagram of a hydrograph.
• 11N.2.bp.2b: Explain how hydrographs are used to forecast floods.
• 11N.2.bp.2c: “Dams and reservoirs create as many problems as they solve.” Discuss this statement with...
• 12M.2.bp.1a: Identify two transfers and two stores shown in the diagram.
• 12M.2.bp.1b: Explain three ways in which human activity can reduce the time taken for water to pass through...
• 12M.2.bp.1c: Examine how an international conflict has arisen as a result of competing demands for freshwater.
• 12M.2.bp.2a: Describe the geographical characteristics of the Río Grande de Santiago downstream from La Presa.
• 12M.2.bp.2b: Analyse how the freshwater resources shown in box A on the map could be used for different purposes.
• 12M.2.bp.2c: “People should not try to prevent rivers from flooding.” Discuss this statement.
• 12N.2.bp.1a: Describe two processes involved in the transport of a river’s load.
• 12N.2.bp.1b: Explain two environmental impacts of agriculture on water quality.
• 12N.2.bp.1c: “Floodplain management strategies have more costs than benefits.” Discuss this statement.
• 12N.2.bp.2a: Describe four differences between the two hydrographs shown on the diagram.
• 12N.2.bp.2b: Suggest reasons why the urban and forested hydrographs show different responses to the storm event.
• 12N.2.bp.2c: With reference to a named river flood event, examine the relative importance of natural and human...
• 13M.2.bp.1a: Identify possible human factors A and B and possible physical factors C and D.
• 13M.2.bp.1b: Explain how two physical factors other than precipitation can affect the magnitude of floods.
• 13M.2.bp.1c: “River management strategies always result in unwanted impacts.” Using examples, discuss this...
• 13M.2.bp.2a: Describe two characteristics of natural levées.
• 13M.2.bp.2b(i): Define the term wetlands.
• 13M.2.bp.2b(ii): Explain two reasons why some wetlands are protected.
• 13M.2.bp.2c: “Multi-purpose schemes result in more benefits than problems.” Discuss this statement, referring...
• 13N.2.hl.1a: Define the term stream discharge.
• 13N.2.hl.1b: (i) State the direction towards which the river is flowing at B. (ii) State three changes to the...
• 13N.2.hl.1c: Examine the benefits and problems of different river management strategies (other than that shown...
• 13N.2.hl.2a: Identify and describe process A and process B shown in the diagram.
• 13N.2.hl.2b: Draw a labelled diagram to show the main input, outputs, transfers and stores of the hydrological...
• 13N.2.hl.2c: “Of all the impacts of agriculture on water quality, salinization is the most damaging.” Discuss...
• 14M.2.hl.1a: Briefly describe four possible impacts of the flood on different types of traffic movement in the...
• 14M.2.sl.1a: Briefly describe four possible impacts of the flood on different types of traffic movement in the...
• 14M.2.hl.1b: Explain two ways in which agriculture and/or irrigation on flood plains can affect water quality.
• 14M.2.sl.1b: Explain two ways in which agriculture and/or irrigation on flood plains can affect water quality.
• 14M.2.hl.1c: Examine the factors that affect the response of a stream hydrograph to a rainfall event.
• 14M.2.sl.1c: Examine the factors that affect the response of a stream hydrograph to a rainfall event.
• 14M.2.hl.2a: Define the terms drainage divide and wetlands.
• 14M.2.sl.2a: Define the terms drainage divide and wetlands.
• 14M.2.hl.2b: Explain how stream discharge is related to channel size and shape.
• 14M.2.sl.2b: Explain how stream discharge is related to channel size and shape.
• 14M.2.hl.2c: Using examples, examine the hydrological impacts that can result from the construction of a dam...
• 14M.2.sl.2c: Using examples, examine the hydrological impacts that can result from the construction of a dam...
• 14N.2.hl.1a: (i) Define the term groundwater. (ii) Estimate the percentage of groundwater shown on the diagram.
• 14N.2.sl.1a: (i) Define the term groundwater. (ii) Estimate the percentage of groundwater shown on the diagram.
• 14N.2.hl.1b: State two major types of natural surface freshwater (other than rivers).
• 14N.2.sl.1b: State two major types of natural surface freshwater (other than rivers).
• 14N.2.hl.1c: Explain three consequences of a reduction in the volume of ice caps.
• 14N.2.sl.1c: Explain three consequences of a reduction in the volume of ice caps.
• 14N.2.hl.1d: Discuss the relative importance of the factors affecting the characteristics of hydrographs.
• 14N.2.sl.1d: Discuss the relative importance of the factors affecting the characteristics of hydrographs.
• 14N.2.hl.2a: Referring to photographic evidence, identify and briefly describe two natural features of the...
• 14N.2.sl.2a: Referring to photographic evidence, identify and briefly describe two natural features of the...
• 14N.2.hl.2b: Suggest three ways in which humans might modify the floodplain shown in the photograph to reduce...
• 14N.2.sl.2b: Suggest three ways in which humans might modify the floodplain shown in the photograph to reduce...
• 14N.2.hl.2c: “Wetland management strategies are never a complete success.” Discuss this statement, with...
• 14N.2.sl.2c: “Wetland management strategies are never a complete success.” Discuss this statement, with...
• 13N.2.sl.1a: Define the term stream discharge.
• 13N.2.sl.1b: (i) State the direction towards which the river is flowing at B. (ii) State three changes to the...
• 13N.2.sl.1c: Examine the benefits and problems of different river management strategies (other than that shown...
• 13N.2.sl.2a: Identify and describe process A and process B shown in the diagram.
• 13N.2.sl.2b: Draw a labelled diagram to show the main input, outputs, transfers and stores of the hydrological...
• 13N.2.sl.2c: “Of all the impacts of agriculture on water quality, salinization is the most damaging.” Discuss...
• 15M.2.hl.1a: State two possible uses of water for industry.
• 15M.2.sl.1a: State two possible uses of water for industry.
• 15M.2.hl.1b: Outline two possible reasons for the conflict shown.
• 15M.2.sl.1b: Outline two possible reasons for the conflict shown.
• 15M.2.hl.1c: Explain how a drainage basin functions as an open system.
• 15M.2.sl.1c: Explain how a drainage basin functions as an open system.
• 15M.2.hl.1d: Compare the importance of river erosion and deposition in the development of floodplain landforms.
• 15M.2.sl.1d: Compare the importance of river erosion and deposition in the development of floodplain landforms.
• 15M.2.hl.2a: (i) Define the term stream discharge. (ii) State two river transport processes and outline how...
• 15M.2.sl.2a: (i) Define the term stream discharge. (ii) State two river transport processes and outline how...
• 15M.2.hl.2b: Explain how hydrographs can be used to forecast and manage flooding.
• 15M.2.sl.2b: Explain how hydrographs can be used to forecast and manage flooding.
• 15M.2.hl.2c: Examine the possible impacts of the mismanagement of groundwater resources.
• 15M.2.sl.2c: Examine the possible impacts of the mismanagement of groundwater resources.
• 15N.2.hl.1a: State and briefly outline what environmental problem A and environmental problem B could be.
• 15N.2.sl.1a: State and briefly outline what environmental problem A and environmental problem B could be.
• 15N.2.hl.1b: Using one named example, briefly explain one cause and two consequences of an international...
• 15N.2.sl.1b: Using one named example, briefly explain one cause and two consequences of an international...
• 15N.2.hl.1c: “Natural factors are always more important than human factors in causing a river flood.” Discuss...
• 15N.2.sl.1c: “Natural factors are always more important than human factors in causing a river flood.” Discuss...
• 15N.2.hl.2a: (i) Briefly outline how the natural recharge of an aquifer takes place.  (ii) State two methods...
• 15N.2.sl.2a: (i) Briefly outline how the natural recharge of an aquifer takes place.  (ii) State two methods...
• 15N.2.hl.2b: Suggest how three human modifications of a floodplain can help to reduce flooding.
• 15N.2.sl.2b: Suggest how three human modifications of a floodplain can help to reduce flooding.
• 15N.2.hl.2c: Evaluate the strategies that have been used to resolve competing demands for water in one named...
• 15N.2.sl.2c: Evaluate the strategies that have been used to resolve competing demands for water in one named...
• 16M.2.bp.1a: Identify and locate two natural river landforms found on the Clutha River’s floodplain.
• 16M.2.bp.1b: (i) Briefly explain how one human modification of the floodplain shown in area A (outlined in...
• 16M.2.bp.1c: Examine how the environmental impacts of agriculture and irrigation on water quality vary from...
• 16M.2.bp.2a: Outline how water is transferred through a drainage basin by: (i) infiltration; (ii) throughflow.
• 16M.2.bp.2b: Suggest how a change in the balance of water stored in oceans and ice could result in: (i) one...
• 16M.2.bp.2c: “The benefits gained from the construction of large dams outweigh any costs.” Discuss this...
• 16N.2.bp.1a: (i) Describe the changes in flood frequency shown on the graph. (ii) Estimate how many more...
• 16N.2.bp.1b: Suggest one physical reason and one human reason why the risk of a river flooding can change over...
• 16N.2.bp.1c: To what extent are floodplain landforms the result of river deposition?
• 16N.2.bp.2a: (i) Define the term wetland area. (ii) Describe the pattern of wetland areas shown on the map.
• 16N.2.bp.2b: (i) State one component of agricultural run-off that contributes to the eutrophication of lakes...
• 16N.2.bp.2c: “The drainage basin is an open system with inputs, outputs, transfers and stores.” Discuss how...
• 17M.2.bp.1a: Outline two environmental problems that may occur downstream from multi-purpose dams.
• 17M.2.bp.1b: Define the concept of “maximum sustainable yield” of freshwater.
• 17M.2.bp.1c: With reference to one named river basin, explain two strategies that have been adopted to meet...
• 17M.2.bp.1d: “The negative consequences of river flooding always outweigh the benefits.” Discuss this statement.
• 17M.2.bp.2b: Explain three factors that may produce a short time lag on a storm hydrograph.
• 17M.2.bp.2c: Compare the effectiveness of alternative stream management strategies, other than dams.
• 17N.2.sl.01a: Briefly outline two processes of river erosion.
• 17N.2.sl.01b.i: Explain how irrigation can lead to salinization.
• 17N.2.sl.01b.ii: Explain two consequences of salinization for farmers.
• 17N.2.sl.01c: Discuss the positive and negative hydrological impacts of dam and reservoir construction.
• 17N.2.sl.02a.i: State the lag time for the storm event shown on the hydrograph.
• 17N.2.sl.02a.ii: State how many hours the discharge was over 40 cumecs.
• 17N.2.sl.02a.iii: Outline why the rising limb on this hydrograph is steeper than the falling limb.
• 17N.2.sl.02b: Explain the formation of two landforms on a river floodplain.
• 17N.2.sl.02c: Discuss the environmental consequences of eutrophication and the pollution of aquifers.
• 18M.2.bp.1a: Outline two ways in which sediment is transported by a river.
• 18M.2.bp.1b.i: Using one named example of an international conflict related to freshwater, briefly explain one...
• 18M.2.bp.1b.ii: Using one named example of an international conflict related to freshwater, briefly explain two...
• 18M.2.bp.1c: Examine how human activity influenced the severity of one named river flood event.
• 18M.2.bp.2a.i: State the four elements of the hydrological cycle labelled A–D.
• 18M.2.bp.2a.ii: State two possible methods of artificially recharging the aquifer.
• 18M.2.bp.2b: Explain three possible ways people may modify a river channel to increase the flow of water.
• 18M.2.bp.2c: To what extent has the management of one major wetland area been successful?

Option B: Oceans and their coastal margins

• .2.bp.3ai+aii: Referring to the map, identify the type of plate boundary shown on the map at: (i) A (ii) B.
• .2.bp.3b: State the age of the oceanic crust at C shown on the map.
• .2.bp.3c: Using an annotated diagram only, explain why the age of oceanic crust changes with distance from...
• .2.bp.3d: Referring to specific nations, discuss the geopolitical issues that arise over ocean areas.
• .2.bp.4a: Describe the pattern of threat to coral reefs shown on the map of South-East Asia.
• .2.bp.4b: Explain three socio-economic impacts of the loss of coral reefs and mangrove systems.
• .2.bp.4c: Using a case study, evaluate the management strategies adopted to resolve the pressures on a...
• 11M.2.bp.3ai: Describe the pattern of loss of coral reefs.
• 11M.2.bp.3aii: State two physical factors which are needed for the development of coral reefs.
• 11M.2.bp.3b: Explain three benefits that coral reefs bring to people.
• 11M.2.bp.3c: Examine the conflicts which arise from competing land uses in coastal margins.
• 11M.2.bp.4a: Referring to the diagram, identify feature A and feature B–B1.
• 11M.2.bp.4b: Explain why the ocean floor becomes increasingly older with distance from A.
• 11M.2.bp.4c: Using an annotated diagram only, explain the formation of an ocean trench.
• 11M.2.bp.4d: Examine why oceans are areas of geopolitical conflict.
• 11N.2.bp.3a: Describe the vertical variations in the salinity shown on the graph.
• 11N.2.bp.3bi: Explain what is meant by “oceanic conveyor belts”.
• 11N.2.bp.3bii: Suggest two reasons why oceanic conveyor belts are important.
• 11N.2.bp.3c: Discuss the effects of El Niño on some coastal margins.
• 11N.2.bp.4a: Using map evidence, describe the effects of deposition in Area A.
• 11N.2.bp.4bi+bii: Using map evidence, explain one likely conflict between types of human activity in: (i) Area...
• 11N.2.bp.4c: Examine the sources and impacts of waste disposal in oceans.
• 12M.2.bp.3a:   The map shows surface ocean currents in the Atlantic Ocean in January.   cartography...
• 12M.2.bp.3b: Explain the functioning and importance of the oceanic conveyor belt.
• 12M.2.bp.3c: “Ocean fishing can never be sustainable.” Discuss this statement.
• 12M.2.bp.4ai+aii: Identify two abiotic resources found in each of the following: (i) continental shelf areas (ii)...
• 12M.2.bp.4b: Explain three consequences of oil pollution in oceans.
• 12M.2.bp.4c: Examine the effects of the loss of coral reefs and mangrove swamps.
• 12N.2.bp.3a: Identify two reasons shown on the diagram why some coasts advance.
• 12N.2.bp.3b: Explain why cliffs are often found along retreating coasts.
• 12N.2.bp.3c: Explain the global distribution of ocean ridges.
• 12N.2.bp.4a: Outline one economic and one environmental benefit of coral reefs.
• 12N.2.bp.4b: Explain the function of the oceanic conveyor belt(s).
• 12N.2.bp.4c: Examine the economic effects of El Niño and/or La Niña events.
• 13M.2.bp.3a: Describe the size and location of the oceanic “garbage patch” shown.
• 13M.2.bp.3b: Explain why most types of ocean pollution occur along coastal margins.
• 13M.2.bp.3c: Compare the conflicts that arise in coastal areas from habitat restoration schemes with those...
• 13M.2.bp.4a: Describe the pattern of ocean salinity shown on the map.
• 13M.2.bp.4b(i): Explain what is meant by the La Niña phenomenon.
• 13M.2.bp.4b(ii): Using examples, analyse two economic impacts associated with La Niña.
• 13M.2.bp.4c: Examine the role of oceans as a store and source of carbon dioxide.
• 13N.2.hl.3a: Using map evidence, describe two depositional landforms found on this coastline.
• 13N.2.hl.3b: Explain how one geopolitical conflict has developed in relation to a named oceanic resource.
• 13N.2.hl.3c: “The fishing industry can never be sustainable.” Discuss this statement.
• 13N.2.hl.4a: Define the term exclusive economic zone.
• 13N.2.hl.4b: Briefly describe what is meant by continental shelf.
• 13N.2.hl.4c: Explain the environmental and economic value of mangrove swamps.
• 13N.2.hl.4d: Discuss the conflicts that occur from attempts to manage coastal hazards.
• 14M.2.hl.3a: (i) Define the term littoral drift (longshore drift).  (ii) Briefly describe one named feature...
• 14M.2.sl.3a: (i) Define the term littoral drift (longshore drift).  (ii) Briefly describe one named feature...
• 14M.2.hl.3b: Explain the formation of two ocean floor landforms associated with volcanic or tectonic activity.
• 14M.2.sl.3b: Explain the formation of two ocean floor landforms associated with volcanic or tectonic activity.
• 14M.2.hl.3c: “The loss of coral reefs is not just a local concern.” Discuss this statement.
• 14M.2.sl.3c: “The loss of coral reefs is not just a local concern.” Discuss this statement.
• 14M.2.hl.4a: (i) State which of these photographs shows an advancing coast. (ii) Identify one landform in the...
• 14M.2.sl.4a: (i) State which of these photographs shows an advancing coast. (ii) Identify one landform in the...
• 14M.2.hl.4b: Distinguish between the climatic conditions experienced on the east coast and the west coast of...
• 14M.2.sl.4b: Distinguish between the climatic conditions experienced on the east coast and the west coast of...
• 14M.2.hl.4c: Using examples, examine the geographic consequences of the pollution of oceans.
• 14M.2.sl.4c: Using examples, examine the geographic consequences of the pollution of oceans.
• 14N.2.hl.3a: (i) Describe the location of dead zones.  (ii) Outline how chemical waste may result in a dead...
• 14N.2.sl.3a: (i) Describe the location of dead zones.  (ii) Outline how chemical waste may result in a dead...
• 14N.2.hl.3b: Briefly explain the formation of: (i) one coastal landform resulting mainly from erosion; (ii)...
• 14N.2.sl.3b: Briefly explain the formation of: (i) one coastal landform resulting mainly from erosion; (ii)...
• 14N.2.hl.3c: “Management strategies for coastlines are generally ineffective.” Discuss this statement with...
• 14N.2.sl.3c: “Management strategies for coastlines are generally ineffective.” Discuss this statement with...
• 14N.2.hl.4a: (i) Define the term exclusive economic zone (EEZ). (ii) Outline how a conflict might arise from...
• 14N.2.sl.4a: (i) Define the term exclusive economic zone (EEZ). (ii) Outline how a conflict might arise from...
• 14N.2.hl.4b: Explain the role of oceans: (i) as a store of carbon dioxide;  (ii) as a source of carbon dioxide.
• 14N.2.sl.4b: Explain the role of oceans: (i) as a store of carbon dioxide;  (ii) as a source of carbon dioxide.
• 14N.2.hl.4c: “To provide sustainable fish yields we must stop overfishing the oceans and promote aquaculture...
• 14N.2.sl.4c: “To provide sustainable fish yields we must stop overfishing the oceans and promote aquaculture...
• 13N.2.sl.3a: Using map evidence, describe two depositional landforms found on this coastline.
• 13N.2.sl.3b: Explain how one geopolitical conflict has developed in relation to a named oceanic resource.
• 13N.2.sl.3c: “The fishing industry can never be sustainable.” Discuss this statement.
• 13N.2.sl.4a: Define the term exclusive economic zone.
• 13N.2.sl.4b: Briefly describe what is meant by continental shelf.
• 13N.2.sl.4c: Explain the environmental and economic value of mangrove swamps.
• 13N.2.sl.4d: Discuss the conflicts that occur from attempts to manage coastal hazards.
• 15M.2.hl.3a: Outline the global distribution of oceans.
• 15M.2.sl.3a: Outline the global distribution of oceans.
• 15M.2.hl.3b: Explain two ways in which wind action helps different coastal landforms to develop.
• 15M.2.sl.3b: Explain two ways in which wind action helps different coastal landforms to develop.
• 15M.2.hl.3c: “Geopolitical conflicts over oceans, including their resources, will only get worse in the...
• 15M.2.sl.3c: “Geopolitical conflicts over oceans, including their resources, will only get worse in the...
• 15M.2.hl.4a: State two subaerial processes that may affect the cliff in the photograph and briefly outline how...
• 15M.2.sl.4a: State two subaerial processes that may affect the cliff in the photograph and briefly outline how...
• 15M.2.hl.4b: Explain two conflicts that could arise from attempts to manage cliff failure.
• 15M.2.sl.4b: Explain two conflicts that could arise from attempts to manage cliff failure.
• 15M.2.hl.4c: Examine the contribution that conservation can make to protecting oceanic fish stocks.
• 15M.2.sl.4c: Examine the contribution that conservation can make to protecting oceanic fish stocks.
• 15N.2.hl.3a: Identify and briefly describe two coastal landforms in area X marked on map B.
• 15N.2.sl.3a: Identify and briefly describe two coastal landforms in area X marked on map B.
• 15N.2.hl.3b: Using located examples, suggest two reasons why ocean pollution may impact areas far from the...
• 15N.2.sl.3b: Using located examples, suggest two reasons why ocean pollution may impact areas far from the...
• 15N.2.hl.3c: Evaluate the contribution that subaerial processes and wave action make to the development of...
• 15N.2.sl.3c: Evaluate the contribution that subaerial processes and wave action make to the development of...
• 15N.2.hl.4a: Describe two physical and/or human features shown in the photograph that suggest this is an...
• 15N.2.sl.4a: Describe two physical and/or human features shown in the photograph that suggest this is an...
• 15N.2.hl.4b: Explain how oceanic trenches are formed.
• 15N.2.sl.4b: Explain how oceanic trenches are formed.
• 15N.2.hl.4c: “There are no simple solutions for the conflicts that arise over the use of coastal areas.”...
• 15N.2.sl.4c: “There are no simple solutions for the conflicts that arise over the use of coastal areas.”...
• 16M.2.bp.3a: The graph shows changes in average annual ocean salinity and temperature with depth. Referring...
• 16M.2.bp.3b: Explain three economic benefits of mangrove swamps.
• 16M.2.bp.3c: To what extent have the management strategies adopted to resolve human pressures on one named...
• 16M.2.bp.4a: The graph shows the global production of fish from coastal aquaculture and ocean fishing between...
• 16M.2.bp.4b: (i) Briefly outline the sovereignty rights of nations in relation to oceanic resources.  (ii)...
• 16M.2.bp.4c: Compare the importance of coastal processes and lithology for the formation of two or more...
• 16N.2.bp.3a: (i) Identify two of the landforms shown in the diagram. (ii) Outline how wave action could lead...
• 16N.2.bp.3b: Explain three factors favouring the growth of coral reefs.
• 16N.2.bp.3c: Examine the environmental and economic impacts of the pollution of oceans by oil.
• 16N.2.bp.4a: (i) State one natural cause and one human cause of sand dune degradation. (ii) Identify two ways...
• 16N.2.bp.4b: Briefly explain the characteristics and formation of two ocean floor landforms found at a...
• 16N.2.bp.4c: Examine the possible impacts of changes in the ocean carbon store.
• 17M.2.bp.3a: Describe two characteristics of oceanic crust.
• 17M.2.bp.3b.i: Briefly outline the oceanic circulation in the Pacific Ocean during an El Niño event.
• 17M.2.bp.3b.ii: Explain the wind and pressure systems in an El Niño event.
• 17M.2.bp.3c: Examine the spatial and temporal consequences of overfishing.
• 17M.2.bp.4b: Explain two conflicts that may arise as a result of aquaculture.
• 17M.2.bp.4c: “The disposal of waste in the oceans is causing serious harm to people and places.” Discuss this...
• 17N.2.sl.03a: Identify and briefly describe two landforms in box X.
• 17N.2.sl.03b: Using examples, explain two positive economic impacts that El Niño events can bring.
• 17N.2.sl.03c: “Geopolitical conflict is the inevitable outcome of human use of oceans.” Discuss this statement.
• 17N.2.sl.04a.i: State two causes of a negative change in sea level.
• 17N.2.sl.04a.ii: Briefly describe one landform associated with an advancing coast.
• 17N.2.sl.04b: Using examples, explain two effects of the oceanic conveyor belt on different places.
• 17N.2.sl.04c: “The loss of coral reefs has more serious effects than the loss of mangrove swamps.” Discuss this...
• 18M.2.bp.3a.i: Estimate the percentage of days when the wind blows from the north.
• 18M.2.bp.3a.ii: Identify the direction of the most frequent wind.
• 18M.2.bp.3a.iii: State the direction towards which longshore drift is most likely to occur at X on the diagram.
• 18M.2.bp.3a.iv: State one landform likely to be produced by longshore drift at X.
• 18M.2.bp.3b: Explain three physical factors that affect the development of coral reefs.
• 18M.2.bp.3c: “Coastal hazard management always creates more problems than it solves.” Discuss this statement,...
• 18M.2.bp.4a.i: Briefly outline the role of oceans as a source of carbon dioxide.
• 18M.2.bp.4a.ii: Briefly outline the role of oceans as a store of carbon dioxide.
• 18M.2.bp.4b.i: Explain what is meant by the term “oceanic conveyor belt”.
• 18M.2.bp.4b.ii: Suggest two reasons why the oceanic conveyor belt is important.
• 18M.2.bp.4c: Evaluate the success of one named conservation policy for sustainable fishing.

Option C: Extreme environments

• .2.bp.5a: Referring to the graph, describe the changes in the terminus of the Santa Rosa glacier from...
• .2.bp.5b: Explain the processes involved in the advance and retreat of glaciers.
• .2.bp.5c: Discuss the main environmental problems caused by tourism in one extreme environment.
• .2.bp.6a: Using the two maps, describe the population density in hot, arid areas.
• .2.bp.6b: Explain how and why the following factors may influence population density in hot, arid...
• .2.bp.6c: Using examples, examine how extreme environments offer both challenges and opportunities for...
• 11M.2.bp.5a: Name and describe two landforms shown on the photograph.
• 11M.2.bp.5bi: Explain the process of solifluction.
• 11M.2.bp.5bii: Explain the formation of pingos.
• 11M.2.bp.5c: Examine the impacts of permafrost on human activities.
• 11M.2.bp.6a: Describe the changes that have taken place in the Greenland ice sheet since 1985.
• 11M.2.bp.6b: Explain how and why glaciers and ice masses have sometimes advanced.
• 11M.2.bp.6c: “Agriculture in hot, arid areas inevitably results in desertification.” Discuss this statement.
• 11N.2.bp.5ai+aii+aiii: (i) Name the landform in the background of the photograph. (ii) State two processes of wind...
• 11N.2.bp.5b: Explain the occurrence of flash floods in areas like the one shown in the photograph.
• 11N.2.bp.5c: “The opportunities for tourism outweigh the challenges.” Discuss this statement with reference...
• 11N.2.bp.6ai: Define glacial environment.
• 11N.2.bp.6aii: Define periglacial environment.
• 11N.2.bp.6b: Explain how and why glaciers retreat.
• 11N.2.bp.6c: “Periglacial areas offer more opportunities for human activity than glacial areas.” Discuss this...
• 12M.2.bp.5a: The photograph shows a periglacial landscape in southern Iceland. [Source: Copyright Bruce...
• 12M.2.bp.5b: Explain three ways in which the characteristics of periglacial environments hinder resource...
• 12M.2.bp.5c: With reference to one or more extreme environments, discuss whether human activities can be...
• 12M.2.bp.6a: Describe the climatic characteristics of either periglacial or glacial environments.
• 12M.2.bp.6b: Explain two landforms associated with deposition by glaciers.
• 12M.2.bp.6c: Examine the opportunities and challenges for agriculture in hot, arid areas.
• 12N.2.bp.5a: Describe the distribution of hyper-arid and semi-arid regions in Africa.
• 12N.2.bp.5b: Using located examples, suggest possible socio-economic impacts of climate change for arid and/or...
• 12N.2.bp.5c: Examine the importance of water in the development of the landforms in any one extreme...
• 12N.2.bp.6ai: Define the term freeze-thaw.
• 12N.2.bp.6aii: Describe the seasonal variations in the number of freeze-thaw days.
• 12N.2.bp.6b: Explain the importance of freeze-thaw cycles and solifluction processes for the development of...
• 12N.2.bp.6c: Examine how the physical characteristics of any one extreme environment (glacial, periglacial, or...
• 13M.2.bp.5a(i): Identify the vegetation types found at A and B.
• 13M.2.bp.5a(ii): Using the map extract and key, suggest two reasons why the area shown could be considered an...
• 13M.2.bp.5b: Briefly explain two weathering processes likely to operate in area C on the map.
• 13M.2.bp.5c: For one named type of extreme environment, examine the impacts of tourism on the natural...
• 13M.2.bp.6a(i): Identify one type of cold extreme environment.
• 13M.2.bp.6a(ii): State three physical characteristics of the cold extreme environment that you identified in (a)(i).
• 13M.2.bp.6b: Explain why semi-arid areas are considered to be extreme environments.
• 13M.2.bp.6c: “Global climate change will prevent people from living in extreme environments.” Discuss this...
• 13N.2.hl.6a: (i) Define the term aridity. (ii) Define the term infertility.
• 13N.2.hl.6b: Explain three factors, other than aridity and infertility, that affect the sustainability of...
• 13N.2.hl.6c: “Periglacial areas offer more opportunities for human activities than hot, arid areas.” Discuss...
• 13N.2.hl.5b: With reference to a named hot, arid environment, explain two geographic factors (other than...
• 13N.2.hl.5c: Contrast the landforms that result from erosional and depositional glacial processes.
• 14M.2.hl.5a: (i) Identify and describe a landform of glacial erosion in area A on the map. (ii) Identify and...
• 14M.2.sl.5a: (i) Identify and describe a landform of glacial erosion in area A on the map. (ii) Identify and...
• 14M.2.hl.5b: Using map evidence, suggest two reasons why the area shown on the map has a low population density.
• 14M.2.sl.5b: Using map evidence, suggest two reasons why the area shown on the map has a low population density.
• 14M.2.hl.5c: “Mineral resources in extreme environments rarely bring benefits to the local people.” Discuss...
• 14M.2.sl.5c: “Mineral resources in extreme environments rarely bring benefits to the local people.” Discuss...
• 14M.2.hl.6a: (i) Define the term desertification. (ii) Describe the pattern of areas with a high risk of...
• 14M.2.sl.6a: (i) Define the term desertification. (ii) Describe the pattern of areas with a high risk of...
• 14M.2.hl.6b: Suggest three reasons why some rainstorms in hot, arid environments result in flash floods.
• 14M.2.sl.6b: Suggest three reasons why some rainstorms in hot, arid environments result in flash floods.
• 14M.2.hl.6c: Examine how human activity may be affected by global climate change in one named extreme...
• 14M.2.sl.6c: Examine how human activity may be affected by global climate change in one named extreme...
• 14N.2.hl.5a: (i) Identify any one landform shown in area A on the photograph. (ii) Suggest how landform B in...
• 14N.2.sl.5a: (i) Identify any one landform shown in area A on the photograph. (ii) Suggest how landform B in...
• 14N.2.hl.5b: Explain two environmental impacts of tourism on one named extreme environment.
• 14N.2.sl.5b: Explain two environmental impacts of tourism on one named extreme environment.
• 14N.2.hl.5c: Contrast the challenges for mineral extraction in periglacial environments and hot, arid...
• 14N.2.sl.5c: Contrast the challenges for mineral extraction in periglacial environments and hot, arid...
• 14N.2.hl.6a: From information shown on the graph: (i) State the number of months of the year when the average...
• 14N.2.sl.6a: From information shown on the graph: (i) State the number of months of the year when the average...
• 14N.2.hl.6b: Explain three ways in which people have adapted to the extremes of weather and climate in...
• 14N.2.sl.6b: Explain three ways in which people have adapted to the extremes of weather and climate in...
• 14N.2.hl.6c: “Desertification is the main environmental risk for agriculture in hot deserts and semi-arid...
• 14N.2.sl.6c: “Desertification is the main environmental risk for agriculture in hot deserts and semi-arid...
• 13N.2.sl.5b: With reference to a named hot, arid environment, explain two geographic factors (other than...
• 13N.2.sl.5c: Contrast the landforms that result from erosional and depositional glacial processes.
• 13N.2.sl.6a: (i) Define the term aridity. (ii) Define the term infertility.
• 13N.2.sl.6b: Explain three factors, other than aridity and infertility, that affect the sustainability of...
• 13N.2.sl.6c: “Periglacial areas offer more opportunities for human activities than hot, arid areas.” Discuss...
• 15M.2.hl.5a: (i) Outline the main erosional process that accounts for the feature shown in the...
• 15M.2.sl.5a: (i) Outline the main erosional process that accounts for the feature shown in the...
• 15M.2.hl.5b: Explain how two factors (other than heat) restrict human settlement in hot, arid environments.
• 15M.2.sl.5b: Explain how two factors (other than heat) restrict human settlement in hot, arid environments.
• 15M.2.hl.5c: “Some human activities in extreme environments are more sustainable than others.” Discuss this...
• 15M.2.sl.5c: “Some human activities in extreme environments are more sustainable than others.” Discuss this...
• 15M.2.hl.6a: (i) State and locate one example of mineral extraction in an extreme environment. (ii) Outline...
• 15M.2.sl.6a: (i) State and locate one example of mineral extraction in an extreme environment. (ii) Outline...
• 15M.2.hl.6b: Explain two physical challenges for resource development posed by extreme environments.
• 15M.2.sl.6b: Explain two physical challenges for resource development posed by extreme environments.
• 15M.2.hl.6c: Examine why desertification has become a problem in some parts of the world.
• 15M.2.sl.6c: Examine why desertification has become a problem in some parts of the world.
• 15N.2.hl.5a: Describe two changes in the landscape shown by the two photographs that demonstrate glacial retreat.
• 15N.2.sl.5a: Describe two changes in the landscape shown by the two photographs that demonstrate glacial retreat.
• 15N.2.hl.5b: Explain the formation of two features resulting from the processes of glacial...
• 15N.2.sl.5b: Explain the formation of two features resulting from the processes of glacial...
• 15N.2.hl.5c: Using examples, discuss the opportunities for agriculture in hot, arid areas.
• 15N.2.sl.5c: Using examples, discuss the opportunities for agriculture in hot, arid areas.
• 15N.2.hl.6a: Referring to the photograph, briefly describe how people have adapted their clothing and...
• 15N.2.sl.6a: Referring to the photograph, briefly describe how people have adapted their clothing and...
• 15N.2.hl.6b: Explain two causes of low rainfall in hot, arid environments.
• 15N.2.sl.6b: Explain two causes of low rainfall in hot, arid environments.
• 15N.2.hl.6c: Examine how tourism in one type of extreme environment has led to a wide range of adverse...
• 15N.2.sl.6c: Examine how tourism in one type of extreme environment has led to a wide range of adverse...
• 16M.2.bp.5a: The graph shows climatic data for an extreme arid environment. (i) Identify the month with the...
• 16M.2.bp.5b: Explain two processes of weathering or erosion that operate in hot, arid areas.
• 16M.2.bp.5c: “All cold extreme environments are equally challenging for human activity.” Discuss this statement.
• 16M.2.bp.6a: The map shows a polar view of the Southern Hemisphere and locates Antarctica, an area...
• 16M.2.bp.6b: Referring to at least one example, suggest three reasons why mineral extraction has led to the...
• 16M.2.bp.6c: Using located examples, discuss the opportunities and risk associated with the use of irrigation...
• 16N.2.bp.5a: (i) Estimate the latitude at which the percentage of land is highest in the Northern...
• 16N.2.bp.5b: Explain the characteristics and formation in periglacial environments of: (i) patterned...
• 16N.2.bp.5c: Referring to examples, evaluate the varied economic opportunities in hot, arid environments.
• 16N.2.bp.6a: Outline two physical causes of aridity in hot, arid environments.
• 16N.2.bp.6b: Explain two processes of weathering commonly found in hot, arid environments.
• 16N.2.bp.6c: “Human activity within periglacial environments is unsustainable.” Discuss this statement.
• 17M.2.bp.5a: Outline two ways in which people have adapted their outdoor activities to extremes of weather in...
• 17M.2.bp.5b.i: Distinguish between the terms “accumulation” and “ablation” in the glacial environment.
• 17M.2.bp.5b.ii: Explain two reasons why many glaciers are retreating.
• 17M.2.bp.5c: “Global climate change will create more opportunities than challenges for indigenous...
• 17M.2.bp.6a: Describe how the characteristics of permafrost vary with latitude.
• 17M.2.bp.6b.i: Outline how the seasonal changes taking place in the active layer differ between 50°N and 60°N.
• 17M.2.bp.6b.ii: Explain two ways in which the active layer creates challenges for settlement and/or...
• 17M.2.bp.6c: “The opportunities for mineral extraction outweigh the challenges in hot, arid areas.” Discuss...
• 17N.2.sl.05a.i: Identify one landform of glacial erosion in square 3415.
• 17N.2.sl.05a.ii: State the name of one U-shaped valley/trough shown on the map.
• 17N.2.sl.05a.iii: Estimate the length in kilometres of the walking track between the start of the walking track...
• 17N.2.sl.05a.iv: State the height gained from the spot height in square 3315 to the triangulation pillar in square...
• 17N.2.sl.05a.v: Using map evidence, explain one reason, other than climate, why mining in this extreme...
• 17N.2.sl.05b: Explain the formation of one feature or landform of glacial deposition.
• 17N.2.sl.05c: Examine how the balance between challenges and opportunities affects economic activities in one...
• 17N.2.sl.06a.i: Estimate the volume of ice lost between 1850 and 1950.
• 17N.2.sl.06a.ii: State the year when the glacier began a continuous decline lasting to 2010.
• 17N.2.sl.06a.iii: Suggest why a short-term increase in glacial ice (positive balance) begins around 1950.
• 17N.2.sl.06b: Distinguish between aridity and infertility in hot, arid areas.
• 17N.2.sl.06c: Examine the causes and consequences of the melting of permafrost.
• 18M.2.bp.5a.i: State the earliest date on which there is a 50 % probability of snow depth exceeding 1 metre.
• 18M.2.bp.5a.ii: Estimate the probability of snow depth exceeding 2 metres on 1 September.
• 18M.2.bp.5a.iii: Briefly explain how the graph provides evidence that this ski field is located in the southern...
• 18M.2.bp.5b: Explain two environmental impacts of tourism in one named extreme environment.
• 18M.2.bp.5c: Compare the importance of water and wind in the development of landform features in hot, arid areas.
• 18M.2.bp.6a.i: Briefly outline two human factors that are possible causes of desertification in a hot, arid...
• 18M.2.bp.6a.ii: Briefly outline two physical factors that influence the occurrence of flash floods in hot, arid...
• 18M.2.bp.6b: Explain three reasons why there are concentrations of people in some parts of hot, arid areas.

Option D: Hazards and disasters—risk assessment and response

• .2.bp.7a: Briefly describe any two distinct patterns shown by the data on the graph.
• .2.bp.7b: Explain the reasons for the occurrence and severity of a specific drought event that you have...
• .2.bp.7c: Referring to examples, examine why the geographic impacts of disasters vary in space and time.
• .2.bp.8a: Suggest what factor A on the diagram might be.
• .2.bp.8b: Explain how two of the other factors (other than factor A) shown on the diagram affect...
• .2.bp.8c: Analyse why communities may underestimate the probability of a hazard event occurring.
• .2.bp.8d: For one or more hazards of your choice, examine how estimates are made for the probability and...
• 11M.2.bp.8a: Describe the difference between a hazard and a disaster.
• 11M.2.bp.8b: Explain why some sections of a community are more vulnerable to hazards than others.
• 11M.2.bp.8c: Compare the effectiveness of the methods used to predict the occurrence of two different natural...
• 11N.2.bp.7a: Identify two of the hazards shown and explain your choice.
• 11N.2.bp.7b: Analyse the global distribution of one of the hazards you identified in part (a).
• 11N.2.bp.7c: Using examples, evaluate the success of adjustment and response strategies for a named hazard type.
• 11N.2.bp.8a: Outline the methods used to describe the magnitude (strength) of two hazard types.
• 11N.2.bp.8b: Suggest three reasons why some people continue to live in places with a known hazard risk.
• 11N.2.bp.8c: “Economic factors and not physical factors determine the severity of the impacts of hurricanes...
• 12M.2.bp.7a: Describe the distribution of areas in the northern hemisphere that have been affected by five or...
• 12M.2.bp.7b: Analyse three ways in which communities can reduce the impact of drought.
• 12M.2.bp.7c: “Hazard preparedness is more important than hazard prediction.” Discuss this statement with...
• 12M.2.bp.8ai: Define hazard risk.
• 12M.2.bp.8aii: Define hazard probability.
• 12M.2.bp.8b: Explain three factors that affect the way that people perceive hazards.
• 12M.2.bp.8c: Examine the impact of a recent human-induced (technological) hazard event.
• 12N.2.bp.7a: Describe the atmospheric conditions in the eye and the eyewall of a typical hurricane.
• 12N.2.bp.7b: Explain the conditions needed for the occurrence of a hurricane hazard event.
• 12N.2.bp.7c: “Rich countries experience hazard events while poor countries experience disasters.” Discuss this...
• 12N.2.bp.8a: Describe the changes shown in the graph.
• 12N.2.bp.8b: Explain the reasons for the changes shown in the graph.
• 12N.2.bp.8c: Examine the different types of responses that occurred during and after a named disaster. (Do not...
• 13M.2.bp.7a: Describe the pattern of high population exposure to tectonic hazards shown on the map.
• 13M.2.bp.7b: Suggest three reasons why communities often underestimate the probability of a tectonic hazard...
• 13M.2.bp.7c: Examine the ways in which vulnerability to either earthquake or volcanic hazards can be reduced.
• 13M.2.bp.8a(i): Identify a scale used to measure the magnitude of one hazard type.
• 13M.2.bp.8a(ii): Describe the main features of the scale you identified in (a)(i).
• 13M.2.bp.8b: Explain the occurrence of hurricanes (tropical cyclones, typhoons) in a named area.
• 13M.2.bp.8c: “The economic impact of disasters is increasing while related deaths are decreasing.” Discuss...
• 13N.2.hl.7a: (i) State the height in metres of the highest point west of gridline 35. (ii) State the...
• 13N.2.hl.7b: Using map evidence only, explain why the inhabitants of this area were particularly vulnerable to...
• 13N.2.hl.7c: “The level of economic development is not the main factor affecting the impact of a tectonic...
• 13N.2.hl.8a: (i) Describe what is meant by hazard risk. (ii) Describe what is meant by vulnerability to hazards.
• 13N.2.hl.8b: Explain how building design and land-use planning can limit the potential damage from one named...
• 13N.2.hl.8c: “The faster the speed of onset, the greater the impact of the hazard event.” Discuss this...
• 14M.2.hl.7a: Describe the changes shown from 12 August to 14 August in: (i) storm intensity; (ii) storm...
• 14M.2.sl.7a: Describe the changes shown from 12 August to 14 August in: (i) storm intensity; (ii) storm...
• 14M.2.hl.7b: Explain two factors that affect the formation and development of hurricanes.
• 14M.2.sl.7b: Explain two factors that affect the formation and development of hurricanes.
• 14M.2.hl.7c: Using examples, examine the demographic and socio-economic factors that affect the vulnerability...
• 14M.2.sl.7c: Using examples, examine the demographic and socio-economic factors that affect the vulnerability...
• 14M.2.hl.8a: With reference to either earthquakes or volcanic eruptions, describe two ways in which people’s...
• 14M.2.sl.8a: With reference to either earthquakes or volcanic eruptions, describe two ways in which people’s...
• 14M.2.hl.8b: With reference to either an earthquake or a volcanic eruption, distinguish between the types of...
• 14M.2.sl.8b: With reference to either an earthquake or a volcanic eruption, distinguish between the types of...
• 14N.2.hl.7a: Describe the trends shown on the graph.
• 14N.2.sl.7a: Describe the trends shown on the graph.
• 14N.2.hl.7b: (i) Outline the essential characteristics of drought. (ii) Explain the cause(s) of one named...
• 14N.2.sl.7b: (i) Outline the essential characteristics of drought. (ii) Explain the cause(s) of one named...
• 14N.2.hl.7c: “The level of economic development is the most important factor that influences the vulnerability...
• 14N.2.sl.7c: “The level of economic development is the most important factor that influences the vulnerability...
• 14N.2.hl.8a: Describe two ways in which land-use planning (zoning) can reduce hazard risk for a named hazard...
• 14N.2.sl.8a: Describe two ways in which land-use planning (zoning) can reduce hazard risk for a named hazard...
• 14N.2.hl.8b: Explain three reasons why people continue to reside in areas that are known to be affected by...
• 14N.2.sl.8b: Explain three reasons why people continue to reside in areas that are known to be affected by...
• 14N.2.hl.8c: “Hazard events are predictable, disasters are not.” Discuss this statement.
• 14N.2.sl.8c: “Hazard events are predictable, disasters are not.” Discuss this statement.
• 13N.2.sl.7a: (i) State the height in metres of the highest point west of gridline 35. (ii) State the...
• 13N.2.sl.7b: Using map evidence only, explain why the inhabitants of this area were particularly vulnerable to...
• 13N.2.sl.7c: “The level of economic development is not the main factor affecting the impact of a tectonic...
• 13N.2.sl.8a: (i) Describe what is meant by hazard risk. (ii) Describe what is meant by vulnerability to hazards.
• 13N.2.sl.8b: Explain how building design and land-use planning can limit the potential damage from one named...
• 13N.2.sl.8c: “The faster the speed of onset, the greater the impact of the hazard event.” Discuss this...
• 15M.2.hl.7a: Identify which hazard: (i) affected the least number of people in 2012; (ii) affected the...
• 15M.2.sl.7a: Identify which hazard: (i) affected the least number of people in 2012; (ii) affected the...
• 15M.2.hl.7b: Suggest two reasons why the number of people affected by storms in 2012 is lower than in previous...
• 15M.2.sl.7b: Suggest two reasons why the number of people affected by storms in 2012 is lower than in previous...
• 15M.2.hl.7c: Explain what is meant by the: (i) rehabilitation response to a hazard event; (ii)...
• 15M.2.sl.7c: Explain what is meant by the: (i) rehabilitation response to a hazard event; (ii)...
• 15M.2.hl.7d: Examine why some areas of the world have a high hazard risk for either earthquakes or volcanoes
• 15M.2.sl.7d: Examine why some areas of the world have a high hazard risk for either earthquakes or volcanoes
• 15M.2.hl.8a: (i) Define the term disaster. (ii) Outline two long-term actions a community can take to reduce...
• 15M.2.sl.8a: (i) Define the term disaster. (ii) Outline two long-term actions a community can take to reduce...
• 15M.2.hl.8b: Explain the causes of one named human-induced hazard event.
• 15M.2.sl.8b: Explain the causes of one named human-induced hazard event.
• 15M.2.hl.8c: Examine the reasons why people continue to live in areas that have been affected by severe...
• 15M.2.sl.8c: Examine the reasons why people continue to live in areas that have been affected by severe...
• 15N.2.hl.7a: Using data from the diagram, describe three trends shown.
• 15N.2.sl.7a: Using data from the diagram, describe three trends shown.
• 15N.2.hl.7b: Suggest how a community’s vulnerability to hazards is affected by: (i) the demographic...
• 15N.2.hl.7c: Using examples, contrast the strategies adopted to minimize the risk from future droughts and...
• 15N.2.hl.8a: Referring to either earthquakes or volcanoes, briefly outline: (i) one scale used to measure the...
• 15N.2.sl.8a: Referring to either earthquakes or volcanoes, briefly outline: (i) one scale used to measure the...
• 15N.2.hl.8b: Referring to either earthquakes or volcanoes, briefly explain their occurrence: (i) at a...
• 15N.2.sl.8b: Referring to either earthquakes or volcanoes, briefly explain their occurrence: (i) at a...
• 15N.2.hl.8c: Discuss why some hazard events are easier to predict than others.
• 15N.2.sl.8c: Discuss why some hazard events are easier to predict than others.
• 15N.2.sl.7b: Suggest how a community’s vulnerability to hazards is affected by: (i) the demographic...
• 15N.2.sl.7c: Using examples, contrast the strategies adopted to minimize the risk from future droughts and...
• 16M.2.bp.7a: (i) Describe what is meant by the term “drought”. (ii) Outline one climatic reason for the...
• 16M.2.bp.7b: Referring to either earthquakes or volcanoes, explain three reasons why fewer deaths are caused...
• 16M.2.bp.7c: Using located examples, examine why the intensity of hurricanes varies over time.
• 16M.2.bp.8a: (i) Using map evidence, determine which state was worst affected and outline why.  (ii) Using...
• 16M.2.bp.8b: Suggest why the distinction between a hazard event and a disaster is not always completely clear.
• 16M.2.bp.8c: Referring to two or more types of hazard, examine why the highest magnitude hazard events are not...
• 16N.2.bp.7a: Describe the distribution and tracks of hurricanes (tropical cyclones, typhoons) affecting...
• 16N.2.bp.7b: Briefly explain two geographical consequences of a recent human-induced (technological) hazard.
• 16N.2.bp.7c: Using one or more recent examples, discuss the relative importance of short-term and long-term...
• 16N.2.bp.8a: (i) Describe the change in the total number of reported disasters between 1971 and 2010. (ii)...
• 16N.2.bp.8b: Explain three reasons why communities may underestimate the probability of a major hazard event...
• 16N.2.bp.8c: Discuss the view that human vulnerability to natural hazards (excluding river flooding) is...
• 17M.2.bp.7a: Describe the global distribution of either volcanoes or earthquakes.
• 17M.2.bp.7b: Suggest three factors that might affect an individual’s perception of the risk posed by tectonic...
• 17M.2.bp.7c: “Hazard prediction is ineffective in reducing the impact of hazard events on people’s lives and...
• 17M.2.bp.8c: Explain three conditions necessary for the formation of tropical hurricanes.
• 17M.2.bp.8d: “Poorer communities are more vulnerable to the impacts of hazard events than richer communities.”...
• 17N.2.sl.07a.i: With reference to the diagram, describe the changes in number of deaths
• 17N.2.sl.07a.ii: With reference to the diagram, describe the changes in economic losses.
• 17N.2.sl.07b.i: Suggest reasons for the changes you identified in (a) for number of deaths.
• 17N.2.sl.07b.ii: Suggest reasons for the changes you identified in (a) for economic losses.
• 17N.2.sl.07c: Examine the factors that affect the choice of adjustments before, and responses after, tectonic...
• 17N.2.sl.08a.i: Outline what is meant by the term “drought”.
• 17N.2.sl.08a.ii: Briefly describe one physical cause of a located severe drought.
• 17N.2.sl.08b: Suggest two reasons why individuals and communities may underestimate the probability of a severe...
• 17N.2.sl.08c: Discuss the reasons why some low-income countries may be more vulnerable than others to the...
• 18M.2.bp.7b.i: Explain two possible human impacts that could occur as a result of a long-term drought in the...
• 18M.2.bp.7b.ii: Suggest one short-term strategy that the local community could use to help overcome the problem...
• 18M.2.bp.7c: Examine the reasons why people continue to live in areas affected by frequent earthquake or...
• 18M.2.bp.8a: Outline two factors that can influence the vulnerability of a community to the impacts of a...
• 18M.2.bp.8b.i: Briefly explain the occurrence of either volcanoes or earthquakes at constructive plate margins.
• 18M.2.bp.8b.ii: Briefly explain the occurrence of either volcanoes or earthquakes at destructive plate margins.
• 18M.2.bp.8c: Examine the effectiveness of short- and long-term responses to one recent disaster caused by a...

Option E: Leisure, sport and tourism

• .2.bp.9a: Referring to the diagram, outline two differences you would expect to find between “local parks...
• .2.bp.9b: Explain three reasons why it is important for city planners to ensure that there are sufficient...
• .2.bp.9c: With reference to a named urban area, examine the factors that have influenced the location and...
• .2.bp.10a: State the year in which international tourist arrivals in Europe exceeded 400 million for the...
• .2.bp.10b: Describe the trend in international tourist arrivals in the East Asia/Pacific region shown on the...
• .2.bp.10c: Suggest three possible reasons for a decline in the total number of international arrivals in the...
• .2.bp.10d: Referring to one or more named examples, examine why some countries have invested in tourism in...
• 11M.2.bp.9a: Identify two primary and two secondary tourism resources found in the area south of gridline 62.
• 11M.2.bp.9b: Referring to map evidence, explain three problems related to tourism that are likely to develop...
• 11M.2.bp.9c: Discuss the strategies designed to manage tourism in one named urban area.
• 11M.2.bp.10a: Describe the main characteristics of sustainable tourism.
• 11M.2.bp.10b: Explain three different impacts of tourist developments on the environment.
• 11M.2.bp.10c: Examine how tourism has had social and economic impacts on one country.
• 11N.2.bp.9a: Describe the pattern of birth places in 1990 and how it has changed by 2010.
• 11N.2.bp.9b: Suggest three possible reasons why the sphere of influence of this league’s supporters has grown...
• 11N.2.bp.9c: “Local people do not benefit from hosting an international sporting event.” Discuss this statement.
• 11N.2.bp.10a: Describe the changes in international tourist arrivals shown in the graph.
• 11N.2.bp.10b: Explain three reasons why international tourist arrivals can change in one named rural or urban...
• 11N.2.bp.10c: “Most recreational and sports facilities in urban areas are located near the city centre.”...
• 12M.2.bp.9a: Identify one possible heritage tourism location and one possible ecotourism location shown on the...
• 12M.2.bp.9b: Explain how the carrying capacity may be different for two of the activities at Three Peaks...
• 12M.2.bp.9c: Discuss the factors affecting the distribution of leisure facilities in urban areas.
• 12M.2.bp.10ai: Define leisure.
• 12M.2.bp.10aii: Define tourism.
• 12M.2.bp.10b: Analyse three geographic factors, other than accessibility and affluence, that determine levels...
• 12M.2.bp.10c: Compare the influence of accessibility and affluence on the growth of either recreation or...
• 12N.2.bp.9a: Describe the trends shown in the graph.
• 12N.2.bp.9b: Using a located example, explain two strategies used to develop tourism in low-income countries.
• 12N.2.bp.9c: For a country you have studied, to what extent do the economic benefits of tourism outweigh the...
• 12N.2.bp.10a: Outline one political and one economic factor that affect participation in sport.
• 12N.2.bp.10b: Referring to a national sports league you have studied, explain the factors that have determined...
• 12N.2.bp.10c: To what extent can tourism ever be made sustainable?
• 13M.2.bp.9a(i): State the change in GNI during the year of the Olympic Games.
• 13M.2.bp.9a(ii): State the change in GNI one year after the Olympic Games.
• 13M.2.bp.9b: Describe what is meant by the sphere of influence of a sporting event.
• 13M.2.bp.9c: Suggest reasons why a country’s GNI increases before and during the Olympic Games.
• 13M.2.bp.9d: Examine the changes in the international tourism industry that have led to the development of...
• 13M.2.bp.10a(i): Define the term carrying capacity.
• 13M.2.bp.10a(ii): State whether location A or B has the higher perceptual carrying capacity and justify your answer.
• 13M.2.bp.10b: Explain three factors that affect the distribution of sports facilities in urban areas.
• 13M.2.bp.10c: Examine the effectiveness of using sport and recreation to promote urban regeneration.
• 13N.2.hl.9a: (i) Define the term leisure. (ii) Define the term tourism.
• 13N.2.hl.9b: Suggest two reasons why demand for international tourist services has increased rapidly in recent...
• 13N.2.hl.9c: Explain two ways in which environmental damage from tourism has been minimized in one named city...
• 13N.2.hl.9d: Examine the view that tourism offers a guaranteed route towards economic development for...
• 13N.2.hl.10a: Identify two possible sport or recreational facilities that Map C might be showing.
• 13N.2.hl.10b: Analyse the maps for evidence of a leisure hierarchy.
• 13N.2.hl.10c: Explain two ways in which ecotourism is a sustainable industry.
• 13N.2.hl.10d: “Leisure, sports and tourism bring more problems than benefits to urban areas.” Discuss this...
• 14M.2.hl.9a: (i) Define the term environmental carrying capacity. (ii) Define the term perceptual carrying...
• 14M.2.sl.9a: (i) Define the term environmental carrying capacity. (ii) Define the term perceptual carrying...
• 14M.2.hl.9b: Referring to specific activities, analyse why the leisure facilities in a central business...
• 14M.2.sl.9b: Referring to specific activities, analyse why the leisure facilities in a central business...
• 14M.2.hl.9c: “Sport and recreation are an effective means of regeneration for urban areas.” Discuss this...
• 14M.2.sl.9c: “Sport and recreation are an effective means of regeneration for urban areas.” Discuss this...
• 14M.2.hl.10a: Describe the distribution of the participating teams.
• 14M.2.sl.10a: Describe the distribution of the participating teams.
• 14M.2.hl.10b: Using examples, suggest how social and cultural factors can affect people’s participation in...
• 14M.2.sl.10b: Using examples, suggest how social and cultural factors can affect people’s participation in...
• 14M.2.hl.10c: “Physical factors influence the location of tourist activities more than human factors.” Discuss...
• 14M.2.sl.10c: “Physical factors influence the location of tourist activities more than human factors.” Discuss...
• 14N.2.hl.9a: Outline what is meant by the terms: (i) primary tourist resources;  (ii) secondary tourist...
• 14N.2.sl.9a: Outline what is meant by the terms: (i) primary tourist resources;  (ii) secondary tourist...
• 14N.2.hl.9b: Using examples, explain three reasons for the growth of tourism in more remote locations.
• 14N.2.sl.9b: Using examples, explain three reasons for the growth of tourism in more remote locations.
• 14N.2.hl.9c: To what extent do the advantages of ecotourism outweigh any disadvantages?
• 14N.2.sl.9c: To what extent do the advantages of ecotourism outweigh any disadvantages?
• 14N.2.hl.10a: Using map evidence, name and locate two different leisure activities or facilities shown in the...
• 14N.2.sl.10a: Using map evidence, name and locate two different leisure activities or facilities shown in the...
• 14N.2.hl.10b: Referring to the map, explain three factors that may influence the shape of the catchment area...
• 14N.2.sl.10b: Referring to the map, explain three factors that may influence the shape of the catchment area...
• 14N.2.hl.10c: Examine the use of sport and recreation as a regeneration strategy in one or more urban areas.
• 14N.2.sl.10c: Examine the use of sport and recreation as a regeneration strategy in one or more urban areas.
• 13N.2.sl.9a: (i) Define the term leisure. (ii) Define the term tourism.
• 13N.2.sl.9b: Suggest two reasons why demand for international tourist services has increased rapidly in recent...
• 13N.2.sl.9c: Explain two ways in which environmental damage from tourism has been minimized in one named city...
• 13N.2.sl.9d: Examine the view that tourism offers a guaranteed route towards economic development for...
• 13N.2.sl.10a: Identify two possible sport or recreational facilities that Map C might be showing.
• 13N.2.sl.10b: Analyse the maps for evidence of a leisure hierarchy.
• 13N.2.sl.10c: Explain two ways in which ecotourism is a sustainable industry.
• 13N.2.sl.10d: “Leisure, sports and tourism bring more problems than benefits to urban areas.” Discuss this...
• 15M.2.hl.9a: Describe the trends shown on the graph.
• 15M.2.sl.9a: Describe the trends shown on the graph.
• 15M.2.hl.9b: Explain three reasons for the changes in international tourist arrivals shown on the graph.
• 15M.2.hl.9c: Examine the extent to which sustainable tourism might be successfully implemented in different...
• 15M.2.sl.9c: Examine the extent to which sustainable tourism might be successfully implemented in different...
• 15M.2.hl.10a: Briefly describe what is meant by: (i) heritage tourism; (ii) ecotourism.
• 15M.2.sl.10a: Briefly describe what is meant by: (i) heritage tourism; (ii) ecotourism.
• 15M.2.hl.10b: Explain three political factors that affect participation and success in international sport.
• 15M.2.sl.10b: Explain three political factors that affect participation and success in international sport.
• 15M.2.hl.10c: “The benefits of hosting an international sporting event always outweigh the costs.” Discuss this...
• 15M.2.sl.10c: “The benefits of hosting an international sporting event always outweigh the costs.” Discuss this...
• 15N.2.hl.9a: Referring to the graph, describe the relationship between household income and participation in...
• 15N.2.sl.9a: Referring to the graph, describe the relationship between household income and participation in...
• 15N.2.hl.9b: Using examples, explain how levels of participation in international sport are affected by: (i)...
• 15N.2.sl.9b: Using examples, explain how levels of participation in international sport are affected by: (i)...
• 15N.2.sl.9c: “Land value is the most important factor influencing the location of recreation and sports...
• 15N.2.hl.10a: Briefly describe: (i) the pattern shown on the bar graph; (ii) the trend shown on the map.
• 15N.2.sl.10a: Briefly describe: (i) the pattern shown on the bar graph; (ii) the trend shown on the map.
• 15N.2.hl.10b: Using examples of countries, suggest three reasons why numbers of international tourist arrivals...
• 15N.2.sl.10b: Using examples of countries, suggest three reasons why numbers of international tourist arrivals...
• 15N.2.hl.10c: “The economic gains from tourism always exceed its negative social impacts.” Discuss this...
• 15N.2.sl.10c: “The economic gains from tourism always exceed its negative social impacts.” Discuss this...
• 15M.2.sl.9b: Explain three reasons for the changes in international tourist arrivals shown on the graph.
• 16M.2.bp.9a: (i) Describe what is meant by the term “heritage tourism locations”. (ii) State examples of two...
• 16M.2.bp.9b: (i) Suggest what is meant by the term “remote tourist destination”. (ii) Suggest two reasons for...
• 16M.2.bp.9c: Evaluate strategies that have been designed to make tourism more sustainable in different...
• 16M.2.bp.10a: The map shows the distribution of Formula One motor racing tracks in 2015. Describe the...
• 16M.2.bp.10b: Explain two reasons for increased global participation in sport.
• 16M.2.bp.10c: For one national sports league you have studied, examine the relationship between the location of...
• 16N.2.bp.9a: Describe two characteristics of the leisure hierarchy.
• 16N.2.bp.9b: Explain three geographic factors that might influence decision-makers in choosing a host city for...
• 16N.2.bp.9c: Using one or more examples, evaluate the strategies designed to manage tourism in rural areas.
• 16N.2.bp.10a: Using map evidence, identify and locate two secondary tourist resources.
• 16N.2.bp.10b: Describe how one characteristic of the valley of the River Tarn limits its environmental carrying...
• 16N.2.bp.10c: (i) State the direction in which the camera was pointing when photograph A was taken. (ii)...
• 16N.2.bp.10d: Using examples, evaluate the use of tourism as a development strategy in some low-income countries.
• 17M.2.bp.9a.i: Describe the global pattern of the most visited cities.
• 17M.2.bp.9a.ii: State the median value of visitor numbers in 2013.
• 17M.2.bp.9b.i: Outline what is meant by the term “ecotourism”.
• 17M.2.bp.9b.ii: Explain one strength and one weakness of ecotourism for local communities.
• 17M.2.bp.9c: For one named national sports league, examine the relationship between the location of its teams...
• 17M.2.bp.10a: Outline two types of carrying capacity that apply to rural areas.
• 17M.2.bp.10b: Explain how land values and accessibility can affect the distribution of sports facilities within...
• 17M.2.bp.10c: Evaluate the role of tourism as a development strategy in low-income countries.
• 17N.2.sl.09a: Using a located example, outline two ways in which sustainable tourism supports the culture of...
• 17N.2.sl.09b: Explain two impacts of tourism on the natural environment of rural areas.
• 17N.2.sl.09c: Examine how the benefits of hosting one or more major international sporting events have been...
• 17N.2.sl.10a.i: Describe the general relationship shown by the diagram.
• 17N.2.sl.10a.ii: Suggest one reason why settlement A does not fit the general relationship.
• 17N.2.sl.10b: Suggest three possible reasons why the sphere of influence of supporters of a sports team could...
• 17N.2.sl.10c: Examine the contribution that ecotourism can make to a country’s tourist industry.
• 18M.2.bp.9a.i: Define the term tourism.
• 18M.2.bp.9a.ii: State two possible reasons why not all international arrivals can be classified as tourists.
• 18M.2.bp.9b: Explain two strategies designed to manage the environmental damage caused by tourism in one named...
• 18M.2.bp.9c: Discuss the view that the economic benefits of tourism in one country you have studied outweigh...
• 18M.2.bp.10a.i: With reference to the photograph, identify one primary tourist attraction.
• 18M.2.bp.10a.ii: With reference to the photograph, identify one secondary tourist attraction.
• 18M.2.bp.10b: Using photographic evidence, suggest why the perceptual carrying capacity of this site might have...
• 18M.2.bp.10c: For one named international sporting event, explain how one physical factor and two human factors...
• 18M.2.bp.10d: Examine the extent to which the aims of sustainable tourism might be achieved in two different...

Option F: The geography of food and health

• .2.bp.11a: Define the health measure HALE and explain how it differs from life expectancy.
• .2.bp.11b: Analyse the advantages and disadvantages of two other indices (other than HALE) used to measure...
• .2.bp.11c: Discuss the connections between affluence and health.
• .2.bp.12ai: Outline two changes in calorie consumption in poor countries from 1970 to 2000.
• .2.bp.12aii: Outline two differences between calorie consumption in rich countries and poor countries in 2000.
• .2.bp.12b: Explain why food availability has increased in some areas of the world.
• .2.bp.12c: Evaluate the sustainability of modern agricultural systems.
• 11M.2.bp.11ai: Describe the pattern of agricultural subsidies in 2006.
• 11M.2.bp.11aii: State two reasons why agricultural subsidies have declined in most countries since 1990.
• 11M.2.bp.11b: Explain how the actions of TNCs can reduce the availability of food.
• 11M.2.bp.11c: To what extent were human factors responsible for a recent famine?
• 11M.2.bp.12ai: Describe the trend in diseases spread by diffusion between 1991 and 2001.
• 11M.2.bp.12aii: Describe what is meant by “diffusion by relocation” with reference to a disease.
• 11M.2.bp.12b: Explain the global distribution of diseases of poverty.
• 11M.2.bp.12c: Referring to one or more diseases, discuss the factors that determine the relative importance of...
• 11N.2.bp.11ai: State one other indicator besides infection rates which could be used to map the health of people...
• 11N.2.bp.11aii: Referring to the map, describe the pattern of this disease in the city.
• 11N.2.bp.11b: Explain three possible reasons, one environmental, one social and one economic, for the pattern...
• 11N.2.bp.11c: “Poverty is the main cause of food insecurity.” Discuss this statement.
• 11N.2.bp.12ai+aii: (i) State the year when the index of total food production was greatest. (ii) State the value of...
• 11N.2.bp.12b: Describe the trend in total food production shown on the graph.
• 11N.2.bp.12c: Suggest reasons for the trends in total food production and in food production per person from...
• 11N.2.bp.12d: Examine the geographic connections between food availability and health.
• 12M.2.bp.11ai: Define the term health-adjusted life expectancy.
• 12M.2.bp.11aii: State one reason why health-adjusted life expectancy is a better measure of the health of a...
• 12M.2.bp.11b: Referring to one or more diseases, explain how three geographic factors influence the spread of...
• 12M.2.bp.11c: “Affluent societies are less affected by disease than those with a high level of poverty.”...
• 12M.2.bp.12a: Identify the province with the most efficient energy ratio.
• 12M.2.bp.12b: Describe the pattern of energy efficiency ratios shown on the map.
• 12M.2.bp.12c: Suggest three reasons why energy efficiency ratios vary within a country or region.
• 12M.2.bp.12d: Examine recent changes in agricultural systems that have led to increased food availability in...
• 12N.2.bp.11a: Describe the difference between malnutrition and low calorie intake.
• 12N.2.bp.11b: Describe the pattern of undernourishment shown on the map.
• 12N.2.bp.11c: Explain two economic causes of food deficiency.
• 12N.2.bp.11d: With reference to any one vector-borne, water-borne or sexually transmitted disease, compare its...
• 12N.2.bp.12a: Briefly describe what is meant by “obesity”.
• 12N.2.bp.12b: Suggest why heart disease is considered a “disease of affluence”.
• 12N.2.bp.12c: With the aid of a diagram or diagrams, explain the spatial process of a disease spreading through...
• 12N.2.bp.12d: Examine the factors which have led to more food becoming available in some areas in recent years.
• 13M.2.bp.11a(i): Describe what is meant by fair trade.
• 13M.2.bp.11a(ii): Referring to the diagram, identify two features of this system that make it an example of fair...
• 13M.2.bp.11b: Explain how fair trade can help to alleviate local food shortages in regions where food crops are...
• 13M.2.bp.11c: “Food miles are an excellent indicator of agriculture’s environmental impact.” Discuss this...
• 13M.2.bp.12a(i): Briefly describe what is meant by “diseases of affluence”.
• 13M.2.bp.12a(ii): State two examples of diseases of affluence.
• 13M.2.bp.12b: Explain why health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) is a better way to quantify the health of a...
• 13M.2.bp.12c: To what extent have the management strategies for one named disease been successful? Refer to one...
• 13N.2.hl.11a: (i) State which income category is likely to represent the wealthier individuals in this country,...
• 13N.2.hl.11b: Using examples of diseases, distinguish between diseases of affluence and diseases of poverty.
• 13N.2.hl.11c: To what extent was one recent named famine caused by crop failure?
• 13N.2.hl.12a: (i) Identify the farming system shown on the graph which has the highest energy output. (ii)...
• 13N.2.hl.12b: Referring to the graph, suggest how mechanization contributes to the different energy flows...
• 13N.2.hl.12c: Explain two changes in agriculture, other than mechanization, that have helped to boost food...
• 13N.2.hl.12d: “Free trade is more important than food aid in helping to solve (alleviate) food shortages.”...
• 14M.2.hl.11a: Referring to the map, describe the spread (diffusion) of this disease between 2005 and 2009.
• 14M.2.sl.11a: Referring to the map, describe the spread (diffusion) of this disease between 2005 and 2009.
• 14M.2.hl.11b: Suggest three possible reasons why the disease spread to some countries and not others.
• 14M.2.sl.11b: Suggest three possible reasons why the disease spread to some countries and not others.
• 14M.2.hl.11c: Referring to named areas, examine the reasons why their populations may experience food deficiency.
• 14M.2.sl.11c: Referring to named areas, examine the reasons why their populations may experience food deficiency.
• 14M.2.hl.12a: Referring to the graph, describe the global pattern of land available for farming.
• 14M.2.sl.12a: Referring to the graph, describe the global pattern of land available for farming.
• 14M.2.hl.12b: Using examples, explain how trade barriers and/or trade agreements can affect the production of...
• 14M.2.sl.12b: Using examples, explain how trade barriers and/or trade agreements can affect the production of...
• 14M.2.hl.12c: Contrast the geographic impacts of two named diseases.
• 14M.2.sl.12c: Contrast the geographic impacts of two named diseases.
• 14N.2.hl.11a: Describe the pattern of the changes in average life expectancy shown on the map.
• 14N.2.sl.11a: Describe the pattern of the changes in average life expectancy shown on the map.
• 14N.2.hl.11b: Suggest three reasons, other than improved health programmes, why life expectancy has increased...
• 14N.2.sl.11b: Suggest three reasons, other than improved health programmes, why life expectancy has increased...
• 14N.2.hl.11c: Referring to examples, examine how transnational corporations (TNCs), including agribusinesses,...
• 14N.2.sl.11c: Referring to examples, examine how transnational corporations (TNCs), including agribusinesses,...
• 14N.2.hl.12a: Identify two possible physical factors (A and B) that may affect the incidence and/or spatial...
• 14N.2.sl.12a: Identify two possible physical factors (A and B) that may affect the incidence and/or spatial...
• 14N.2.hl.12b: Briefly outline how population distribution can affect the incidence of the disease.
• 14N.2.sl.12b: Briefly outline how population distribution can affect the incidence of the disease.
• 14N.2.hl.12c: Explain two management strategies that have been used to limit the spread of either one named...
• 14N.2.sl.12c: Explain two management strategies that have been used to limit the spread of either one named...
• 14N.2.hl.12d: “For all communities, the prevention of disease is at least as important as its treatment.”...
• 14N.2.sl.12d: “For all communities, the prevention of disease is at least as important as its treatment.”...
• 13N.2.sl.11a: (i) State which income category is likely to represent the wealthier individuals in this country,...
• 13N.2.sl.11b: Using examples of diseases, distinguish between diseases of affluence and diseases of poverty.
• 13N.2.sl.11c: To what extent was one recent named famine caused by crop failure?
• 13N.2.sl.12a: (i) Identify the farming system shown on the graph which has the highest energy output. (ii)...
• 13N.2.sl.12b: Referring to the graph, suggest how mechanization contributes to the different energy flows...
• 13N.2.sl.12c: Explain two changes in agriculture, other than mechanization, that have helped to boost food...
• 13N.2.sl.12d: “Free trade is more important than food aid in helping to solve (alleviate) food shortages.”...
• 15M.2.hl.11a: Describe the relationship between life expectancy and income inequality shown on the graph.
• 15M.2.sl.11a: Describe the relationship between life expectancy and income inequality shown on the graph.
• 15M.2.hl.11b: Suggest one possible reason for the relationship you have described in (a).
• 15M.2.sl.11b: Suggest one possible reason for the relationship you have described in (a).
• 15M.2.hl.11c: Using one example, explain how agricultural subsidies can affect food production.
• 15M.2.sl.11c: Using one example, explain how agricultural subsidies can affect food production.
• 15M.2.hl.11d: Examine the relative importance of the human and physical factors that led to a recent named famine.
• 15M.2.sl.11d: Examine the relative importance of the human and physical factors that led to a recent named famine.
• 15M.2.hl.12a: Describe the pattern of food availability in rural areas of India shown on the map.
• 15M.2.sl.12a: Describe the pattern of food availability in rural areas of India shown on the map.
• 15M.2.hl.12b: Distinguish between food availability and food security.
• 15M.2.sl.12b: Distinguish between food availability and food security.
• 15M.2.hl.12c: Examine how the impacts of diseases are affected by diffusion and barriers.
• 15M.2.sl.12c: Examine how the impacts of diseases are affected by diffusion and barriers.
• 15N.2.hl.11a: (i) Identify the malnutrition category experienced in Swaziland, but not in Poland.  (ii)...
• 15N.2.sl.11a: (i) Identify the malnutrition category experienced in Swaziland, but not in Poland.  (ii)...
• 15N.2.hl.11b: Briefly describe what is meant by the term famine.
• 15N.2.sl.11b: Briefly describe what is meant by the term famine.
• 15N.2.hl.11c: Referring to one type of agricultural system, explain what is meant by the term energy efficiency...
• 15N.2.sl.11c: Referring to one type of agricultural system, explain what is meant by the term energy efficiency...
• 15N.2.hl.11d: To what extent is access to safe water a good indicator of the health of a population?
• 15N.2.sl.11d: To what extent is access to safe water a good indicator of the health of a population?
• 15N.2.hl.12a: (i) Identify the type of diffusion shown on map A by the spread of flu in the first two...
• 15N.2.sl.12a: (i) Identify the type of diffusion shown on map A by the spread of flu in the first two...
• 15N.2.hl.12b: Using evidence from map B, suggest three reasons for the spread of this disease between the end...
• 15N.2.sl.12b: Using evidence from map B, suggest three reasons for the spread of this disease between the end...
• 15N.2.hl.12c: Examine the reasons why some communities enjoy greater food security than others.
• 15N.2.sl.12c: Examine the reasons why some communities enjoy greater food security than others.
• 16M.2.bp.11a: (i) Outline what is meant by the term “diseases of affluence”. (ii) Briefly describe the global...
• 16M.2.bp.11b: Referring to one named water-borne or vector-borne disease, distinguish between policies relating...
• 16M.2.bp.11c: Examine the effects of transnational corporations (TNCs) and fair trade on the level of...
• 16M.2.bp.12a: The graph shows changes in global food production and global yields of food crops from 1980 to...
• 16M.2.bp.12b: Explain two ways in which the yield of some food crops can be increased.
• 16M.2.bp.12c: Referring to two diseases, compare the factors affecting their spread from place to place
• 16N.2.bp.11a: Describe the trends in food aid between 2000 and 2011.
• 16N.2.bp.11b: Explain two possible disadvantages of food aid for a community that is currently experiencing...
• 16N.2.bp.11c: “Prevention should always be prioritized over treatment.” Discuss this statement, with reference...
• 16N.2.bp.12a: (i) Define the term food miles. (ii) State the fruit or vegetable that ranks sixth in terms of...
• 16N.2.bp.12b: Suggest one advantage and two disadvantages of using food miles as an indicator of the...
• 16N.2.bp.12c: To what extent are food availability, malnutrition and diseases of poverty connected with one...
• 17M.2.bp.11a: Describe the pattern of life expectancy shown on the map.
• 17M.2.bp.11b: Explain three indicators, other than life expectancy, which can be used to measure the health of...
• 17M.2.bp.11c: “Food miles are an excellent indicator of the environmental impact of agriculture.” Discuss this...
• 17N.2.sl.11a.i: State two diseases of poverty.
• 17N.2.sl.11a.ii: Describe the distribution of diseases of poverty.
• 17N.2.sl.11b: Explain two types of diffusion in relation to the spread of disease.
• 17N.2.sl.11c: To what extent have recent changes in agriculture increased the production and availability of...
• 17N.2.sl.12a.i: Describe the changes in Sub-Saharan Africa between 1990 and 2015.
• 17N.2.sl.12a.ii: Identify the region with the greatest relative change in mortality rate between 1990 and 2015.
• 17N.2.sl.12a.iii: Outline why HALE is a better indicator of a nation’s health than child mortality.
• 17N.2.sl.12b: Explain how the application of two named barriers to limit the spread of disease has reduced...
• 17N.2.sl.12c: Evaluate the relative importance of fair trade and food aid in overcoming food shortages in...
• 18M.2.bp.11a.i: Referring to areas on the map, describe the spread of the Zika virus between 1947 and 2010.
• 18M.2.bp.11a.ii: State what type of diffusion accounts for the spread of the Zika virus from French Polynesia to...
• 18M.2.bp.11b: Explain three health improvements that have led to an increase in life expectancy in many...
• 18M.2.bp.11c: Examine the strengths and limitations of the energy efficiency ratio as an indicator...
• 18M.2.bp.12a.i: Briefly outline what is meant by the term “food security”.
• 18M.2.bp.12a.ii: Outline one way in which the health of a population can be affected by chronic hunger.
• 18M.2.bp.12b: Explain three geographic impacts at a national scale of one named water-borne or sexually...
• 18M.2.bp.12c: To what extent were physical factors responsible for one recent famine?

Option G: Urban environments

• .2.bp.13ai: Define the term suburbanization.
• .2.bp.13aii: Referring to map evidence, briefly describe two processes, excluding suburbanization, that have...
• .2.bp.13b: Referring to map evidence, suggest three reasons why an area of manufacturing has developed at...
• .2.bp.13c: Examine the pattern of urban deprivation in a city of your choice.
• .2.bp.14a: Referring to evidence in the photograph, describe two types of environmental stress that are...
• .2.bp.14b: Identify three characteristics of Reforma Avenue that are likely to affect the urban microclimate...
• .2.bp.14c: “Cities can never be sustainable.” Discuss this statement, referring to one case study.
• 11M.2.bp.13a: Describe the trends shown in the graph.
• 11M.2.bp.13b: Explain three symptoms of urban stress.
• 11M.2.bp.13c: “Urban poverty and deprivation are widespread in all cities.” Discuss this statement.
• 11M.2.bp.14a: Describe what is meant by a “sustainable city”.
• 11M.2.bp.14b: Explain three ways in which human activities can modify the microclimate of an urban area.
• 11M.2.bp.14c: Examine reasons why cities in some parts of the world have higher rates of population growth than...
• 11N.2.bp.13a: Describe the pattern of deprivation shown on the map.
• 11N.2.bp.13b: Explain how and why the pattern of deprivation might differ for a city in a low income country.
• 11N.2.bp.13c: Evaluate one or more sustainable strategies designed to improve life in urban areas.
• 11N.2.bp.14a: Identify two possible additional inputs and two possible additional outputs for the linear system.
• 11N.2.bp.14b: Explain why the circular system has a reduced urban ecological footprint.
• 11N.2.bp.14c: Examine the dominant population movements and their consequences for one or more urban areas.
• 12M.2.bp.13a: Describe the pattern of urban growth since 1979.
• 12M.2.bp.13b: Suggest three reasons for the rapid growth of some cities.
• 12M.2.bp.13c: Examine the factors that determine the socio-economic characteristics and location of residential...
• 12M.2.bp.14a: Describe the differences in fertility shown on the graph.
• 12M.2.bp.14b: Explain three other social differences (other than fertility rates) between slum and non-slum...
• 12M.2.bp.14c: Evaluate the effectiveness of one or more strategies to control rapid city growth resulting from...
• 12N.2.bp.13a: Identify the two major components of urban growth.
• 12N.2.bp.13b: Referring to the map, describe the relationship between the level of urbanization and urban...
• 12N.2.bp.13c: Explain the pull factors associated with counter-urbanization.
• 12N.2.bp.13d: Discuss the challenges facing one or more cities experiencing rapid growth.
• 12N.2.bp.14a: Using map evidence, describe two characteristics of Area A which suggest it is a high-class...
• 12N.2.bp.14b: Using map evidence, suggest three reasons why Area B may be a suitable location for a...
• 12N.2.bp.14c: With reference to one named example, evaluate the success of a strategy designed to manage...
• 13M.2.bp.13a: (i) Define the term urban ecological footprint. (ii) Referring to the diagram, state which city...
• 13M.2.bp.13b: Explain two ways in which urban air pollution can be reduced.
• 13M.2.bp.13c: Referring to examples, compare the patterns of formal and informal economic activities in urban...
• 13M.2.bp.14a(i): Define the term megacity.
• 13M.2.bp.14a(ii): Explain two processes responsible for population growth in megacities.
• 13M.2.bp.14b: Using only an annotated diagram, explain the operation of a sustainable urban system.
• 13M.2.bp.14c: Examine the effects of human activity on the climate of urban areas.
• 13N.2.hl.13a: Identify what Benefit A (environmental) and Benefit B (socio-economic) might be.
• 13N.2.hl.13b: (i) Define the term urban ecological footprint. (ii) Explain how one of the benefits named on...
• 13N.2.hl.13c: Explain how human activity in cities may result in an urban heat island effect.
• 13N.2.hl.13d: Examine the reasons why economic activities (such as retailing, service and/or manufacturing...
• 13N.2.hl.14a: State which megacity is predicted to grow most rapidly.
• 13N.2.hl.14b: Describe the global distribution of the megacities listed in the table.
• 13N.2.hl.14c: Using examples, explain why some large urban areas have much higher population growth rates than...
• 13N.2.hl.14d: “Sustainable strategies in cities can only succeed when cities have zero population growth.”...
• 14M.2.hl.13a: (i) Define the term urbanization. (ii) Describe the changes in the distribution of millionaire...
• 14M.2.sl.13a: (i) Define the term urbanization. (ii) Describe the changes in the distribution of millionaire...
• 14M.2.hl.14a: (i) Identify one group of working people that have been classified as “not formally...
• 14M.2.sl.14a: (i) Identify one group of working people that have been classified as “not formally...
• 14M.2.hl.13b: Explain three reasons for the movement of named economic activities within urban areas.
• 14M.2.sl.13b: Explain three reasons for the movement of named economic activities within urban areas.
• 14M.2.hl.13c: Examine the reasons why it is difficult to manage urban areas sustainably.
• 14M.2.sl.13c: Examine the reasons why it is difficult to manage urban areas sustainably.
• 14M.2.hl.14b: Explain two population movements taking place within large cities.
• 14M.2.sl.14b: Explain two population movements taking place within large cities.
• 14M.2.hl.14c: “Most large cities suffer from a serious problem of urban poverty for which there is no...
• 14M.2.sl.14c: “Most large cities suffer from a serious problem of urban poverty for which there is no...
• 14N.2.hl.13a: State four main characteristics of a central business district (CBD).
• 14N.2.sl.13a: State four main characteristics of a central business district (CBD).
• 14N.2.hl.13b: Explain the processes of gentrification and counter-urbanization.
• 14N.2.sl.13b: Explain the processes of gentrification and counter-urbanization.
• 14N.2.hl.13c: Contrast the causes and effects of air pollution for two named urban areas.
• 14N.2.sl.13c: Contrast the causes and effects of air pollution for two named urban areas.
• 14N.2.hl.14a: Outline the pattern and trend shown in the figure.
• 14N.2.sl.14a: Outline the pattern and trend shown in the figure.
• 14N.2.hl.14b: Explain three factors that influence the location of squatter settlements in urban areas.
• 14N.2.sl.14b: Explain three factors that influence the location of squatter settlements in urban areas.
• 14N.2.hl.14c: “The rapid city growth caused by in-migration can never be controlled.” Discuss this statement,...
• 14N.2.sl.14c: “The rapid city growth caused by in-migration can never be controlled.” Discuss this statement,...
• 13N.2.sl.13a: Identify what Benefit A (environmental) and Benefit B (socio-economic) might be.
• 13N.2.sl.13b: (i) Define the term urban ecological footprint. (ii) Explain how one of the benefits named on...
• 13N.2.sl.13c: Explain how human activity in cities may result in an urban heat island effect.
• 13N.2.sl.13d: Examine the reasons why economic activities (such as retailing, service and/or manufacturing...
• 13N.2.sl.14a: State which megacity is predicted to grow most rapidly.
• 13N.2.sl.14b: Describe the global distribution of the megacities listed in the table.
• 13N.2.sl.14c: Using examples, explain why some large urban areas have much higher population growth rates than...
• 13N.2.sl.14d: “Sustainable strategies in cities can only succeed when cities have zero population growth.”...
• 15M.2.hl.13a: (i) Identify the economic activities located at 760122 and 736133. (ii) State two reasons for...
• 15M.2.sl.13a: (i) Identify the economic activities located at 760122 and 736133. (ii) State two reasons for...
• 15M.2.hl.13b: Referring to map evidence, explain three likely types of urban stress in Nazareth.
• 15M.2.sl.13b: Referring to map evidence, explain three likely types of urban stress in Nazareth.
• 15M.2.hl.13c: Using one or more examples, examine the social and economic impacts of in-migration on cities.
• 15M.2.sl.13c: Using one or more examples, examine the social and economic impacts of in-migration on cities.
• 15M.2.hl.14a: With reference to urban environments, describe: (i) one type of centrifugal movement; (ii) one...
• 15M.2.sl.14a: With reference to urban environments, describe: (i) one type of centrifugal movement; (ii) one...
• 15M.2.hl.14b: Explain two features of the internal structure of the central business district (CBD).
• 15M.2.sl.14b: Explain two features of the internal structure of the central business district (CBD).
• 15M.2.hl.14c: Evaluate the success of two different urban management strategies.
• 15M.2.sl.14c: Evaluate the success of two different urban management strategies.
• 15N.2.hl.13a: Using photographic evidence, outline two characteristics of the informal sector of the economy in...
• 15N.2.sl.13a: Using photographic evidence, outline two characteristics of the informal sector of the economy in...
• 15N.2.hl.13b: Referring to examples, explain two factors that influence the location of megacities.
• 15N.2.sl.13b: Referring to examples, explain two factors that influence the location of megacities.
• 15N.2.hl.13c: “Sustainable urban management is desirable but impossible to achieve.” Discuss this statement,...
• 15N.2.sl.13c: “Sustainable urban management is desirable but impossible to achieve.” Discuss this statement,...
• 15N.2.hl.14a: (i) Define the term suburbanization.  (ii) Briefly outline two possible population changes in an...
• 15N.2.sl.14a: (i) Define the term suburbanization.  (ii) Briefly outline two possible population changes in an...
• 15N.2.hl.14b: Referring to one or more named cities, explain two ways in which humans affect urban air pollution.
• 15N.2.sl.14b: Referring to one or more named cities, explain two ways in which humans affect urban air pollution.
• 15N.2.hl.14c: Examine the effects of the movement of services and manufacturing activities to new locations in...
• 15N.2.sl.14c: Examine the effects of the movement of services and manufacturing activities to new locations in...
• 16M.2.bp.13a: The graph shows the total population living in urban areas of different sizes, between 1970 and...
• 16M.2.bp.13b: Explain two characteristics of the distribution of one named economic activity within one named...
• 16M.2.bp.13c: “Managing a city sustainably requires a wider range of strategies than those that only limit its...
• 16M.2.bp.14a: The graph shows population change in Detroit, a city in the USA. Describe the changes in the...
• 16M.2.bp.14b: Using examples, explain two push factors and one pull factor that help explain...
• 16M.2.bp.14c: Using examples, discuss the varied effects of human activity on urban microclimates.
• 16N.2.bp.13a: (i) Describe the general relationship between population density and air pollution from...
• 16N.2.bp.13b: Referring to one or more named cities, explain two ways in which a circular city system operates.
• 16N.2.bp.13c: Examine the characteristics of urban deprivation in one or more cities you have studied.
• 16N.2.bp.14a: (i) Identify the region with the highest proportion of people living in urban areas in...
• 16N.2.bp.14b: Suggest three reasons why different ethnic groups are often concentrated in different parts of...
• 16N.2.bp.14c: Evaluate the success of one management strategy to tackle pollution in one named urban area.
• 17M.2.bp.13a.i: With reference to the map, describe the distribution of neighbourhoods with low incomes and high...
• 17M.2.bp.13a.ii: Outline three possible economic reasons for the location of neighbourhoods with low incomes and...
• 17M.2.bp.13b: Analyse the contribution of natural change to population density patterns in urban areas.
• 17M.2.bp.13c: To what extent has one named housing management strategy been successful in creating a more...
• 17M.2.bp.14b: Explain two strengths and one weakness of one named city’s attempt to reduce urban pollution.
• 17M.2.bp.14c: Examine the effects of the movement of economic activity to derelict land such as brownfield sites.
• 17N.2.sl.13b: Suggest two reasons for the occurrence of low-cost housing areas within cities.
• 17N.2.sl.13c: Evaluate the success of one or more strategies to control rapid city growth resulting from...
• 17N.2.sl.14a.i: Describe the pattern of temperatures shown south of the River Liffey.
• 17N.2.sl.14a.ii: Estimate the temperature range north of the River Liffey.
• 17N.2.sl.14b: Using examples, explain two reasons for the growth of suburbs.
• 17N.2.sl.14c: Examine recent land use changes in the central and/or inner areas of one or more cities.
• 18M.2.bp.13a.i: Describe what line A represents.
• 18M.2.bp.13a.ii: Estimate what percentage of the city’s total wealth belongs to the wealthiest 10 % of households.
• 18M.2.bp.13a.iii: Referring to the graph, outline the evidence that many households in this city suffer from poverty.
• 18M.2.bp.13b.i: Explain why people’s choice of residential location within a city might be influenced by...
• 18M.2.bp.13b.ii: Explain why people’s choice of residential location within a city might be influenced by...
• 18M.2.bp.13c: Evaluate the success of one strategy designed to sustainably manage pollution in one named urban...
• 18M.2.bp.14a.i: Describe two differences between a circular city system and a linear city system.
• 18M.2.bp.14a.ii: Outline how one transport management strategy can contribute to a circular city system.
• 18M.2.bp.14b: Explain two reasons for the location of retail activities in the central business district (CBD)...
• 18M.2.bp.14c: Examine the consequences of the movements of different socio-economic groups within a city.