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Date May 2018 Marks available 3 Reference code 18M.2.bp.8
Level SL and HL Paper 2 Time zone
Command term Explain Question number 8 Adapted from N/A

Question

Outline two factors that can influence the vulnerability of a community to the impacts of a tectonic hazard event.

[4]
a.

Briefly explain the occurrence of either volcanoes or earthquakes at constructive plate margins.

[3]
b.i.

Briefly explain the occurrence of either volcanoes or earthquakes at destructive plate margins.

[3]
b.ii.

Examine the effectiveness of short- and long-term responses to one recent disaster caused by a hurricane (tropical cyclone/typhoon).

[10]
c.

Markscheme

Award [1] for each factor and [1] for further development relating to vulnerability of a community to a tectonic hazard event.

For example, a high degree of poverty [1] means that people cannot afford to build earthquake-resistant housing that does not collapse [1].

Other possible factors include:

a.

Award up to [3] for any of the following points:

Volcanoes

Earthquakes

Credit other valid points and/or the use of suitable annotated diagrams.

b.i.

Award up to [3] for any of the following points:

Volcanoes

Earthquakes

Credit other valid points and/or the use of suitable annotated diagrams.

b.ii.

Responses considered should be both short-term and long-term.

Short-term responses might include search and rescue, providing essential medical care, emergency food and water supplies, combating the threat of disease, establishing essential communications and alerting outside relief agencies.

Long-term responses continue for several months or years after the disaster, and might include rebuilding destroyed housing and infrastructure, re-establishing the local economy, undertaking protective measures and educating the local community in case of a future disaster, land-use zoning, establishing early-warning systems, planning evacuation routes.

Good responses will examine a range of different types of response to a recent named hurricane disaster, and consider their effectiveness in different timescales.

At band D, expect a descriptive account of different types of response to a hurricane disaster.

At band E, expect either a more detailed account of a range of short- and long-term responses, or some explicit examination of their relative effectiveness.

At band F, expect both.

Marks should be allocated according to the Paper 2 HL and SL markbands.

c.

Examiners report

[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.i.
[N/A]
b.ii.
[N/A]
c.

Syllabus sections

Optional themes » Option D: Hazards and disasters—risk assessment and response » Characteristics of hazards » Characteristics
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