(i) Describe what is meant by the term “heritage tourism locations”.

(ii) State examples of two different kinds of heritage tourism.

(i) Suggest what is meant by the term “remote tourist destination”.

(ii) Suggest two reasons for the growth of tourism in one named remote tourist destination.

Evaluate strategies that have been designed to make tourism more sustainable in different environments.

(i)
Heritage tourism is tourism based on a historical legacy [1]. Award [1] for additional development eg historic building, historic event, landscape feature, or cultural significance.

Do not accept a named example.

(ii)

Award [1] for each valid example.

For example:
Great Wall of China [1]
Somme battlefields [1]
Yosemite National Park [1]

To achieve [2] at least one of the examples must be named.

Each kind of heritage tourism should be a distinctive type, eg, an historic building, or a landscape feature.

(i)

Relatively inaccessible location [1] and either “that attracts visitors [1]” or identifies a valid example [1].

(ii)

Award [1] for each valid reason.

Possible reasons include: developments in transport; rising incomes; more leisure time; marketing; raised awareness through the media (including the internet); a desire to escape from mass tourism.

In each case award a further [1] for further development.

For example:
More tourists are travelling to Uluru, central Australia, due to cheaper and improved transport [1] which makes it more accessible [1]. Developments in the media [1] generate interest/awareness in remote tourist destinations [1].

If a remote tourist location is not named, award a maximum of [3].

If the example is inappropriate regarding “remoteness”, award a maximum of [2].

Sustainable tourism aims to protect the natural environment and also local culture/society/economy. Expect good candidates to distinguish between these different aspects of sustainability.

There should be recognition of the negative impacts of tourism in different environments, and a discussion of strategies for sustainable tourism, together with examples from at least two different environments.

Negative impacts might include: depletion of local water resources; disruption of the natural environment; destruction of coral reefs; pollution from tourist resorts; impacts on local cultures.

Strategies might include: protection of the natural environment; reducing the ecological footprint; managing tourist numbers; involvement of local communities; designation of national parks; increased education and awareness of tourists.

Responses at band D are likely to be largely descriptive accounts of strategies of sustainable tourism.

At band E there should either be greater explanation of two strategies/environments or some evaluation of whether the strategies can be
described as sustainable in the fullest sense.

At band F expect both.

Marks should be allocated according to the markbands.

(i) There was some confusion about the term “heritage tourist location”, and few candidates scored full marks.

(ii) The question asked for two “different kinds” of heritage tourism which were often not given.

(i) The term “remote tourist destination” was imperfectly understood, and often there was insufficient development.

(ii) Most candidates could identify two reasons for the growth of tourism, but often they were not adequately developed to score full marks.

There were some very good answers showing a good understanding of strategies to manage sustainable tourism, and effective use of examples. Negative impacts of tourism in different environments were often missed. Weaker responses failed to look at more than one environment, or were often descriptive.