MC test: Antiviral medications

Multiple choice test on D.5 Antiviral medications

Use the following 'quiz' to test your knowledge and understanding of this sub-topic. As this relates to a sub-topic on the options you may need access to the IB data booklet.

If you get an answer wrong, read through the explanation carefully to learn from your mistakes.

Which are present in a bacterium but not in any virus?

I.  cell wall

II. DNA

III. cytoplasm

All viruses contain either DNA or RNA but do not have a cytoplasm or a cell wall.

 

The capsid (outer layer of viruses) consists of capsomers. What are capsomers made of?

Capsomers are made of regularly packed protein units.

 

Which factor represents approximately how much bigger in size bacteria are compared to viruses.

 

Viruses are approximately 1/100th of the size of bacteria. A bacterium is a single cell organism of roughly 0.5 - 5.0 μm in length whereas the length of a virus ranges between approximately 0.004 - 0.100 μm in length .

 

Which describes how zanamivir stops the influenza virus from multiplying?

Zanamivir inhibits neuraminidase and prevents the virus from leaving the host cell.

 

Which functional groups are present in zanamivir?

I.  carboxyl

II. tertiary amine

III. amide (carboxamide)

All the amine groups in zanamivir contain at least one hydrogen atom bonded to the nitrogen atom so they are not tertiary.

 

Which functional groups are present in both zanamivir and oseltamivir?

I. primary amine

II. ether

III. ester

All three are present in oseltamivir but zanamivir does not contain an ester group.

 

Which are correct statements about the human immunodeficiency virus?

I. It contains RNA rather than DNA.

II. It is a type of retrovirus

III. It can be treated with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

All three are correct. One of the main drugs used to treat HIV is zidovudine (AZT), which works by inhibiting the enzyme reverse transcriptase.

 

Which disease can be treated with oseltamivir?

Oseltamivir is a neuraminidase inhibitor and is effective against the influenza virus. Septicaemia is a bacterial infection, herpes is usually treated with acyclovir (which prevents viral DNA synthesis) and HIV/AIDS is treated with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors such as zidovudine (AZT).

 

Oseltamivir becomes effective as an antiviral drug after it has been converted into its carboxylate anion in the liver. Which best describes this carboxylate anion.

Oseltamivir is metabolised in the liver and it is the product of this metabolism (the carboxylate anion) that is the active form of the drug.

 

Which of the four drugs does not contain an amide (carboxamide) group?

The carboxamide group is

 

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