DP Chemistry Questionbank

• Syllabus

Topic 11: Measurement and data processing

Sub sections and their related questions

11.1 Uncertainties and errors in measurement and results

• 15M.2.hl.TZ1.5c: Students can also measure the enthalpy of combustion of ethanol in the laboratory using...
• 15M.2.hl.TZ1.6f.iii: A student measures a voltage of 2.65 V in the voltaic cell formed between magnesium and copper...
• 15M.2.hl.TZ1.6f.iv: Outline how the student can reduce the random error in her results.
• 15M.1.sl.TZ1.15: The heat change in a neutralization reaction can be determined by mixing equal volumes of HCl(aq)...
• 15M.1.sl.TZ1.30: A student weighs a standard 70.00 g mass five times using the same balance. Each time she obtains...
• 15M.1.sl.TZ2.30: What is the best way to minimize the random uncertainty when titrating an acid of unknown...
• 15M.2.sl.TZ1.1a: State the uncertainty of the volume of NaOH added in \({\text{c}}{{\text{m}}^{\text{3}}}\).
• 15M.2.sl.TZ2.1b.iii: The accepted theoretical value from the literature of this enthalpy change is...
• 14M.2.hl.TZ2.1b: The concentration of ethanoic acid can be calculated as...
• 14M.2.hl.TZ2.1c.i: Calculate the absolute uncertainty of the titre for Titration 1...
• 14M.1.sl.TZ1.30: A student carries out a titration three times and obtains the following volumes:...
• 14M.1.sl.TZ2.30: Which statement about errors is correct? A.     A random error is always expressed as a...
• 14M.2.sl.TZ2.1c: Identify the liquid whose volume has the greatest percentage uncertainty.
• 14M.2.sl.TZ2.1d: (i)     Calculate the absolute uncertainty of the titre for Titration 1...
• 14N.2.hl.TZ0.1b: Calculate the percentage uncertainty in the measured pH of the rain water sample.
• 14N.1.sl.TZ0.30: In an experiment to determine a specific quantity, a student calculated that her experimental...
• 14N.2.sl.TZ0.1b: Calculate the percentage uncertainty in the measured pH of the rain water sample.
• 13N.1.hl.TZ0.40: A student measured the mass and volume of a piece of silver and recorded the following...
• 13N.2.hl.TZ0.1a: The concentration of iodide ions, \({{\text{I}}^ - }\), is assumed to be constant. Outline why...
• 13N.2.hl.TZ0.1b: For this mixture the concentration of hydrogen peroxide,...
• 13N.2.hl.TZ0.1d.i: Calculate the total uncertainty, in \({\text{c}}{{\text{m}}^{\text{3}}}\), of the volume of the...
• 13N.2.hl.TZ0.1d.ii: Calculate the percentage uncertainty of the concentration of potassium iodide solution added to...
• 13N.2.hl.TZ0.1d.iii: Determine the percentage uncertainty in the concentration of potassium iodide in the final...
• 13N.1.sl.TZ0.30: A student measured the mass and volume of a piece of silver and recorded the following...
• 13N.2.sl.TZ0.1c: The concentration of iodide ions, \({{\text{I}}^ - }\), is assumed to be constant. Outline why...
• 13N.2.sl.TZ0.1d: For this mixture the concentration of hydrogen peroxide,...
• 13N.2.sl.TZ0.1f: Apart from the precision uncertainties given, state one source of error that could affect this...
• 13M.1.sl.TZ1.30: Which would be the best method to decrease the random uncertainty of a measurement in an...
• 13M.2.sl.TZ1.1a: Calculate the mass of the acid and determine its absolute and percentage uncertainty.
• 13M.2.sl.TZ2.1a: When the \({\text{F}}{{\text{e}}^{2 + }}{\text{(aq)}}\) solution was made up in the...
• 13M.2.sl.TZ2.1b: State what is meant by the term precision.
• 13M.2.sl.TZ2.1c: When the students recorded the burette readings, following the titration with KMnO4 (aq),the top...
• 12N.1.sl.TZ0.30: \({\text{50 c}}{{\text{m}}^{\text{3}}}\) of copper(II) sulfate solution is measured into a...
• 12N.2.sl.TZ0.1a: (i)     State the number of significant figures for the masses of...
• 10N.1.sl.TZ0.30: Density can be calculated by dividing mass by volume. \(0.20 \pm 0.02{\text{ g}}\) of a metal has...
• 09N.1.sl.TZ0.30: Which are likely to be reduced when an experiment is repeated a number of times? A.     Random...
• 10M.1.sl.TZ2.30: How many significant figures are there in 0.00370? A.     2 B.     3 C.     5 D.     6
• 09M.1.sl.TZ1.30: A student recorded the volume of a gas as \({\text{0.01450 d}}{{\text{m}}^{\text{3}}}\). How many...
• 09M.1.sl.TZ2.30: Which would be the best method to decrease the random uncertainty of a measurement in an...
• 09M.2.sl.TZ2.1b.iv: State the number of significant figures associated with the mass of pure aspirin obtained, and...
• 09M.2.sl.TZ2.1b.v: Another student repeated the experiment and obtained an experimental yield of 150%. The teacher...
• 11M.1.sl.TZ1.30: A burette reading is recorded as \(27.70 \pm 0.05{\text{ c}}{{\text{m}}^{\text{3}}}\). Which of...
• 11M.2.sl.TZ1.4b: If the fuel blend was vaporized before combustion, predict whether the amount of energy released...
• 11M.1.sl.TZ2.30: A piece of metallic aluminium with a mass of 10.044 g was found to have a volume of...
• 11M.2.sl.TZ2.1c.i: Calculate the percentage error obtained in this experiment. (If you did not obtain an answer for...
• 11M.2.sl.TZ2.1c.ii: The student recorded in her qualitative data that the anhydrous copper(II) sulfate she used was...
• 11N.1.hl.TZ0.40: A student heated a solid in a crucible. The student measured the mass of the solid and crucible...
• 11N.1.sl.TZ0.30: A student heated a solid in a crucible. The student measured the mass of the solid and crucible...
• 11N.2.sl.TZ0.1b.i: State the number of significant figures for the temperature, mass and pressure data. T: m: p:
• 16M.3.sl.TZ0.2a: Outline, giving your reasons, how you would carefully prepare the 1.00dm3 aqueous solution from...
• 16M.3.sl.TZ0.2b: (i) State the colour change of the indicator that the student would see during his titration...
• 16M.1.sl.TZ0.27: A measuring cylinder was used to obtain a known volume of a liquid. The volume...
• 16M.1.sl.TZ0.28: What is the relationship between the two variables sketched on the...
• 16M.1.hl.TZ0.38: ...
• 16N.1.sl.TZ0.30: A student measured the change in mass on heating a sample of calcium carbonate, CaCO3(s). What is...
• 16N.2.sl.TZ0.3g: Suggest one reason why the values of rates of reactions obtained at higher temperatures may be...
• 17M.1.sl.TZ1.29: What is the density, in g\(\,\)cm−3, of a 34.79 g sample with a volume of 12.5 cm3? A.    ...
• 17M.1.hl.TZ1.38: The molar mass of a gas, determined experimentally, is 32 g mol−1. Its literature molar mass is...
• 17M.3.sl.TZ1.1b: Suggest how the precision of this measurement could be improved.
• 17M.3.sl.TZ1.5b: Heat losses would make this method less accurate than the pH probe method. Outline why the...
• 17M.3.sl.TZ1.5f: Outline why the thermochemical method would not be appropriate for 0.001...
• 17M.2.sl.TZ2.1a.ii: Suggest why the final mass of solid obtained by heating 3.760 g of AgxOy may be greater than...
• 17M.2.sl.TZ2.2b.i: Calculate the percentage uncertainty for the mass of K2Cr2O7(s) from the given data.
• 17M.3.sl.TZ2.1b: O2 is consumed in producing CO2 for electricity generation. The graph shows the relationship...
• 17M.3.sl.TZ2.1c.iii: The change in APO O2/N2 ratio, per meg, is measured relative to an O2/N2...
• 17M.3.sl.TZ2.2b.ii: Suggest one improvement to the investigation.
• 17N.1.sl.TZ0.30: A student performs an acid-base titration using a pH meter, but forgets to calibrate it. Which...
• 17N.3.sl.TZ0.2c: Calculate the uncertainty in the change in pH.
• 17N.3.sl.TZ0.3c: Calculate the percentage of water by mass in the NaCl•2H2O crystals. Use the data from section 6...
• 18M.1.sl.TZ1.13: The enthalpy of combustion of ethanol is determined by heating a known mass of tap water in a...
• 18M.1.sl.TZ1.28: Which value of q, in J, has the correct number of significant figures? q = mcΔT where m = 2.500...
• 18M.3.sl.TZ1.2d.i: Justify why it is inappropriate to record the uncertainty of the mean as ±0.01 s.
• 18M.3.sl.TZ1.2d.ii: If doubling the concentration doubles the reaction rate, suggest the mean time you would expect...
• 18M.3.sl.TZ1.2d.iii: Another student, working alone, always dropped the marble chips into the acid and then picked up...
• 18M.1.sl.TZ2.29: How are the uncertainties of two quantities combined when the quantities are multiplied...

11.2 Graphical techniques

• 15M.2.sl.TZ2.1a.i: By drawing appropriate lines, determine the volume of hydrochloric acid required to completely...
• 14N.2.hl.TZ0.8e: (i)     Draw a best-fit curve for the data on the graph. (ii)     Use the data point labelled X...
• 14N.2.hl.TZ0.11a.i: Outline how the initial rate of reaction can be found from the graph.
• 14N.2.sl.TZ0.2a: Draw a best-fit curve for the data on the graph.
• 13N.2.hl.TZ0.1f.i: State the labels for each axis.   x-axis:   y-axis:
• 13N.2.hl.TZ0.1f.ii: Use the graph to determine the activation energy of the reaction, in...
• 13M.2.hl.TZ1.1f.ii: With reference to the graph on page 4, describe the effect of increasing temperature on the...
• 13M.2.hl.TZ1.3b: Use the graph on page 8 to determine the value of the activation energy, \({E_{\text{a}}}\), in...
• 13M.2.hl.TZ1.3c: On the graph on page 8, sketch the line you would expect if a catalyst is added to the reactants.
• 13M.2.hl.TZ2.2c: Determine the activation energy, \({E_{\text{a}}}\), correct to three significant figures and...
• 13M.2.sl.TZ2.2c: Sketch two Maxwell–Boltzmann energy distribution curves for a fixed amount of gas at two...
• 10N.1.sl.TZ0.4: The graph below represents the relationship between two variables in a fixed amount of...
• 09N.2.hl.TZ0.6d: Consider the following graph of \(\ln k\) against \(\frac{1}{T}\) for the first order...
• 09N.2.sl.TZ0.5b: Graphing is an important method in the study of the rates of chemical reaction. Sketch a graph to...
• 09M.2.sl.TZ2.7b.ii: The graph below shows the boiling points of the hydrides of group 5. Discuss the variation in the...
• 11M.2.hl.TZ1.2a: State how the rate constant, \(k\) varies with temperature,\(T\).
• 11M.2.sl.TZ2.1a.ii: Determine what the temperature rise would have been, in °C, if no heat had been lost to the...
• 12M.1.sl.TZ2.30: The relationship between the pressure, \(P\), and the volume, \(V\), of a fixed amount of gas at...
• 16M.3.sl.TZ0.1a: Using the graph, state, giving your reasons, whether or not oxygen and ozone are greenhouse gases.
• 16M.1.sl.TZ0.17: Graph 1 shows a plot of volume of...
• 16N.3.sl.TZ0.1b: CT values are influenced by temperature and by pH. The table below shows the CT values for...
• 17M.1.hl.TZ1.23: The graph shows values of ΔG for a reaction at different temperatures. Which statement is...
• 17M.2.sl.TZ1.1a.ii: A student produced these results with [H+] = 0.15 mol\(\,\)dm−3. Propanone and acid were in...
• 17M.3.sl.TZ1.1a: Calculate the percentage uncertainty of the volume of the aqueous sodium hydroxide.
• 17M.3.sl.TZ1.3: Suggest how the end point of the titration might be estimated from the graph.
• 17M.3.sl.TZ1.4: State and explain how the graph would differ if 1 mol\(\,\)dm−3 sulfuric acid had been used...
• 17M.3.sl.TZ1.18a: Dose response curves are determined for each drug. Outline the significance of range “a”.
• 17M.3.hl.TZ1.16a: Explain the shape of the curve at low oxygen partial pressure up to about 5 kPa.
• 17M.3.hl.TZ1.16b.i: Sketch a graph on the axes above to show the effect of decreasing pH on the binding of oxygen to...
• 17M.3.hl.TZ1.16b.ii: Outline the effect of decreasing pH on the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin.
• 17M.1.sl.TZ2.30: What is the graphical relationship between n and T in the ideal gas equation, pV = nRT, all other...
• 17M.3.sl.TZ2.1a: The following graph represents world energy consumption by type for the...
• 17N.2.sl.TZ0.1a: Using the graph, estimate the initial temperature of the solution.
• 17N.2.sl.TZ0.1b: Determine the maximum temperature reached in the experiment by analysing the graph.
• 17N.2.hl.TZ0.1a: Using the graph, estimate the initial temperature of the solutions.
• 17N.2.hl.TZ0.1b: Determine the maximum temperature reached in each experiment by analysing the graph.
• 17N.3.sl.TZ0.1b.i: Suggest what the correlation coefficient of −0.9999 indicates.
• 17N.3.sl.TZ0.1b.ii: State the equation of the straight line obtained using the data.
• 17N.3.sl.TZ0.3a: Estimate the lowest freezing point of water that can be reached by adding sodium chloride.
• 17N.3.sl.TZ0.3b: Estimate the percentage by mass of NaCl dissolved in a saturated sodium chloride solution at +10 ºC.
• 18M.2.hl.TZ1.4b.ii: Draw the best fit line for the reaction excluding point D.
• 18M.2.hl.TZ1.4c: Predict from your line of best fit the rate of reaction when the concentration of HCl is 1.00 mol...
• 18M.1.sl.TZ2.30: The rate of a reaction is studied at different temperatures. Which is the best way to plot the...

11.3 Spectroscopic identification of organic compounds

• 15M.3.hl.TZ1.2a.i: The mass spectrum of A is shown below. Deduce the formula of the molecular ion from the mass...
• 15M.1.sl.TZ1.6: Ultraviolet radiation has a shorter wavelength than infrared radiation. How does the frequency...
• 15M.2.sl.TZ2.1b.i: Determine the change in temperature, \(\Delta T\).
• 15M.3.sl.TZ1.2a.i: Determine the relative molecular mass of the compound from the mass spectrum and deduce the...
• 15M.3.sl.TZ1.2a.ii: Deduce the formulas of the fragments which give rise to peaks at \(m/z = 27\) and...
• 15M.3.sl.TZ1.2b.ii: Identify the bond responsible for the IR absorption at B.
• 15M.3.sl.TZ1.2b.iii: Deduce a structural formula consistent with the data.
• 15M.3.sl.TZ2.2: NMR spectroscopy is one of the most powerful analytical tools for determining molecular...
• 15M.3.sl.TZ2.3a: Deduce two features you would expect to observe in its mass spectrum.
• 15M.3.sl.TZ2.3b: Predict two features you would expect to observe in its infrared (IR) spectrum.
• 14M.3.hl.TZ2.3a: Its infrared (IR) spectrum is represented below. Deduce the bonds responsible for the...
• 14M.3.hl.TZ2.3b: The \(^{\text{1}}{\text{H}}\,{\text{NMR}}\) spectrum recorded showed four peaks with the...
• 14M.3.hl.TZ2.3c: Deduce the fragments in the mass spectrum which correspond to the following \(m{\text{/}}z\)...
• 14M.3.hl.TZ2.3d: Deduce the structural formula of X.
• 14M.3.sl.TZ1.1b: Identify the five missing components in the following table.
• 14M.3.sl.TZ1.2a: The mass spectrum of iodoethane, \({{\text{C}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}}{\text{I}}\),...
• 14M.3.sl.TZ1.2b: Bromine contains two isotopes, \(^{{\text{79}}}{\text{Br}}\) and \(^{{\text{81}}}{\text{Br}}\),...
• 14M.3.sl.TZ1.4: Two students were provided with three different isomers of...
• 14M.3.sl.TZ2.3a: Its infrared (IR) spectrum is represented below. Deduce the bonds responsible for the...
• 14M.3.sl.TZ2.3b: The \(^{\text{1}}{\text{H}}\,{\text{NMR}}\) spectrum recorded showed four peaks with the...
• 14M.3.sl.TZ2.3c: Deduce the fragments in the mass spectrum which correspond to the following m/z values.   m/z =...
• 14M.3.sl.TZ2.3d: Deduce the structural formula of X.
• 14M.3.sl.TZ2.3e: (i)     Deduce the structural formula of Y.   (ii)     Predict one difference between the...
• 14M.3.sl.TZ2.3f: (i)     Like X, 3-methylbutanoic acid is also a source of body odour. Deduce the m/z value for...
• 14N.3.hl.TZ0.1a: (i)     State the information about this particular compound that can be derived from the mass...
• 14N.3.hl.TZ0.1b: (i)     Use the IR spectrum in the region 1600 – 1800 \({\text{c}}{{\text{m}}^{ - 1}}\) to deduce...
• 14N.3.sl.TZ0.1a: (i)     State the information about this particular compound that can be derived from the mass...
• 14N.3.sl.TZ0.1b: (i)     Use the IR spectrum in the region 1600 – 1800 \({\text{c}}{{\text{m}}^{ - 1}}\) to deduce...
• 14N.3.sl.TZ0.1c: \(^{\text{1}}{\text{H}}\,{\text{NMR}}\) spectroscopy is often very useful in distinguishing...
• 13N.3.hl.TZ0.2a.i: Determine the relative molecular mass, to the nearest integer, of the compound from the mass...
• 13N.3.hl.TZ0.2b.i: Identify the group responsible for the peak at D.
• 13N.3.hl.TZ0.2a.ii: Deduce the formula of the fragment responsible for the peak at 45.
• 13N.3.hl.TZ0.2a.iii: Deduce the formula of the fragment responsible for the peak at 29.
• 13N.3.hl.TZ0.2b.ii: Suggest a possible structure for X.
• 13N.3.sl.TZ0.2a.i: Determine the relative molecular mass, to the nearest integer, of the compound from the mass...
• 13N.3.sl.TZ0.2a.ii: Deduce the formula of the fragment responsible for the peak at 45.
• 13N.3.sl.TZ0.2a.iii: Deduce the formula of the fragment responsible for the peak at 29.
• 13N.3.sl.TZ0.2b.i: Identify the group responsible for the peak at D.
• 13N.3.sl.TZ0.2b.ii: Suggest a possible structure for X.
• 13M.3.sl.TZ1.A1b: Explain why the infrared spectra of the structures in (a) are very similar.
• 13M.3.sl.TZ1.A1c: Explain how the mass spectra of the structures in (a) can be used to distinguish between them.
• 13M.3.sl.TZ1.A1d.i: Deduce the formulas of the species with the m/z values at 86, 71 and...
• 13M.3.sl.TZ1.A1d.ii: Suggest a reason for the peak at m/z = 43 having an exceptionally high relative abundance.
• 13M.3.sl.TZ1.A3a: Identify what information from the spectrum allows the determination of the relative numbers of...
• 13M.3.sl.TZ1.A3b: Deduce which of the following compounds is...
• 13M.3.sl.TZ1.A3c: Identify the wavenumbers of two peaks in the infrared spectrum of compound Q, using Table 17 of...
• 13M.3.sl.TZ2.A3a: Explain which of the three compounds has a mass spectrum which contains peaks at...
• 13M.3.sl.TZ2.A3b: Explain which of the three compounds has an infrared spectrum with a broad absorption between...
• 13M.3.sl.TZ2.A3c: Explain which of the three compounds has a \(^{\text{1}}{\text{H}}\,{\text{NMR}}\) spectrum...
• 12N.3.hl.TZ0.A3a: Calculate the number of hydrogen atoms for peaks with chemical shifts of 2.15 and 2.4–2.5 ppm. An...
• 12N.3.sl.TZ0.A2b: The mass spectrum of the same compound contains strong peaks of \({({M_{\text{r}}} - 15)^ + }\)...
• 12N.3.sl.TZ0.A2c: Using the information above, deduce the identity of the organic compound.
• 12N.3.sl.TZ0.A2d: Predict the number of peaks in the \(^{\text{1}}{\text{H}}\,{\text{NMR}}\) spectrum of this...
• 12N.3.sl.TZ0.A3a: State one advantage of MRI over X-ray medical imaging with reference to the electromagnetic...
• 12N.3.sl.TZ0.A3b: Outline how MRI is used to scan the human body.
• 10N.3.hl.TZ0.A2c: (i)     Identify the bonds responsible for the peaks A, B and C in the IR spectrum of...
• 10N.3.sl.TZ0.A2c: (i)     Identify the bonds responsible for the peaks A, B and C in the IR spectrum of...
• 09N.3.hl.TZ0.A2c.i: Deduce a possible structure for X that is consistent with the mass, IR and...
• 09N.3.hl.TZ0.A2c.ii: Complete the table above by suggesting the chemical shift of the third peak, and state its...
• 09N.3.sl.TZ0.A1a.i: Identify the region of the electromagnetic spectrum used in...
• 09N.3.sl.TZ0.A1a.ii: Identify which of these two techniques involves higher energy radiation.
• 09N.3.sl.TZ0.A2a.i: Determine the relative molecular mass of X from the mass spectrum and deduce the formula of the...
• 09N.3.sl.TZ0.A2a.ii: Identify a fragment which gives rise to the peak at m/z = 29.
• 09N.3.sl.TZ0.A2a.iii: Comment on the absence of a peak at m/z = 59.
• 09N.3.sl.TZ0.A2b.i: Use Table 17 of the Data Booklet to identify the bonds which correspond to the absorptions A and...
• 09N.3.sl.TZ0.A2b.ii: Deduce the name of the functional group present in X.
• 09N.3.sl.TZ0.A2c.i: The \(^{\text{1}}{\text{H}}\,{\text{NMR}}\) spectrum of X shows three peaks. State the...
• 09N.3.sl.TZ0.A2c.ii: The \(^{\text{1}}{\text{H}}\,{\text{NMR}}\) spectrum of X includes peaks at 2.0 and 4.1 ppm. Use...
• 09N.3.sl.TZ0.A2c.iii: Deduce a possible structure for X that is consistent with the mass, IR and...
• 10M.3.sl.TZ1.A1a: (i)     Identify which alcohol gives spectrum 1 and explain your answer by stating which hydrogen...
• 10M.3.sl.TZ1.A1b: (i)     Deduce which two of the alcohols could produce this spectrum and identify the species...
• 10M.3.sl.TZ1.A1c: Explain why the infrared spectra of all four alcohols are very similar.
• 09M.3.sl.TZ1.A1d: Consider the IR spectra of the following three...
• 09M.3.sl.TZ1.A2a: Distinguish between the \(^{\text{1}}{\text{H}}\,{\text{NMR}}\) spectra of 1-bromopropane and...
• 09M.3.sl.TZ2.A2a: Determine the molecular formula of the compound.
• 09M.3.sl.TZ2.A2b: Identify the fragments responsible for the peaks at m/z = 15 m/z = 45
• 09M.3.sl.TZ2.A2c: Identify a compound that could produce this spectrum.
• 09M.3.sl.TZ2.A3c.i: Explain why the structural formula of X cannot be:
• 09M.3.sl.TZ2.A3c.ii: The \(^{\text{1}}{\text{H}}\,{\text{NMR}}\) spectrum of X consists of three peaks. Deduce the...
• 11M.3.sl.TZ1.A2a: Deduce which of the following compounds is X and explain your...
• 11M.3.sl.TZ1.A2b: Deduce which one of the peaks in the \(^{\text{1}}{\text{H}}\,{\text{NMR}}\) spectrum of X would...
• 11M.3.sl.TZ1.A2c.i: Apart from absorptions due to C–C and C–H bonds, suggest one absorption, in wavenumbers, that...
• 11M.3.sl.TZ1.A2c.ii: Apart from absorptions due to C–C and C–H bonds, suggest one absorption, in wavenumbers, absent...
• 11M.3.sl.TZ1.A2d: Suggest the formulas and m/z values of two species that would be detected in the mass...
• 11M.3.sl.TZ2.A2b.i: In the IR spectrum, identify the bond responsible for each of the absorptions labelled I, II and...
• 11M.3.sl.TZ2.A2b.ii: In the mass spectrum, deduce which fragments the m/z values at 102, 57 and 45 correspond to. m/z...
• 11M.3.sl.TZ2.A2b.iii: Identify the peak at 11.5 ppm in the \(^{\text{1}}{\text{H}}\,{\text{NMR}}\) spectrum.
• 11M.3.sl.TZ2.A2b.iv: State what information can be obtained from the integration traces in the...
• 11M.3.sl.TZ2.A2b.v: Deduce the structure of X.
• 11M.3.sl.TZ2.A2b.vi: ...
• 12M.3.sl.TZ1.A1a: Identify the analytical technique that would most readily provide the additional data required to...
• 12M.3.sl.TZ1.A1b: (i)     State what information about a molecule can be obtained from its IR spectrum. (ii)   ...
• 12M.3.sl.TZ1.A1c: (i)     Deduce what information can be obtained from these data. (ii)     Deduce the structure...
• 12M.3.hl.TZ2.A3b: Another structural isomer of \({{\text{C}}_{\text{4}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{9}}}{\text{Br}}\) is...
• 12M.3.sl.TZ2.A3a: Deduce the number of peaks in the \(^{\text{1}}{\text{H}}\,{\text{NMR}}\) spectra of...
• 12M.3.sl.TZ2.A3b: Compare the \(^{\text{1}}{\text{H}}\,{\text{NMR}}\) spectrum of 1-bromo-2-methylpropane with the...
• 11N.3.sl.TZ0.A3a: Deduce two similarities and one difference in the \(^{\text{1}}{\text{H}}\,{\text{NMR}}\) spectra...
• 11N.3.sl.TZ0.A3b: The mass spectrum of one of the two isomers above has significant peaks at mass to charge ratios...
• 11N.3.sl.TZ0.F1c.i: Deduce the number of C=C bonds present in one molecule of each fatty...
• 16M.1.sl.TZ0.29: Which feature of a molecule can be determined from its 1H NMR...
• 16M.1.sl.TZ0.30: Which molecule has an index of hydrogen deficiency (IHD) =...
• 16M.3.sl.TZ0.17b: The reaction can be monitored by infrared spectroscopy. Using section 26 of the data booklet,...
• 16M.3.hl.TZ0.26b: Predict the number of signals and relative integration you would expect to see in the nuclear...
• 16M.2.sl.TZ0.4b: Compound B is related to compound A. (i) State the term that is used to describe molecules...
• 16M.2.sl.TZ0.4c: A sample of compound A was prepared in which the 12C in the CH2 group was replaced by 13C. (i)...
• 16M.2.hl.TZ0.2c: The other monomer used in the production of polyurethane is compound Z shown below. (i) State...
• 16M.2.hl.TZ0.5b: Outline how you could use the IR spectra of compounds A and B and section 26 of the data booklet...
• 16N.1.sl.TZ0.28: What is the index of hydrogen deficiency (IHD) for this molecule?  A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6 
• 16N.1.sl.TZ0.29: What is always correct about the molecular ion, M+, in a mass spectrum of a compound? A. The M+...
• 17M.1.sl.TZ1.28: What can be determined about a molecule from the number of signals in its 1H\(\,\)NMR...
• 17M.1.sl.TZ1.30: What is the Index of Hydrogen Deficiency (IHD) for 1,3,5-hexatriene (C6H8)? A.     1 B.    ...
• 17M.1.hl.TZ1.40: Which technique is used to determine the bond lengths and bond angles of a molecule? A.    ...
• 17M.2.sl.TZ1.5c.ii: The mass and 1H\(\,\)NMR spectra of product X are shown below. Deduce, giving your reasons, its...
• 17M.2.hl.TZ1.6c.ii: The mass and 1H NMR spectra of product X are shown below. Deduce, giving your reasons, its...
• 17M.3.sl.TZ1.10a: Below are the IR spectra of two plastics (A and B); one is PETE, the other is low density...
• 17M.3.sl.TZ1.19d: Organic molecules can be characterized using infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Compare and contrast...
• 17M.1.sl.TZ2.28: Which information can be gained from an infrared (IR) spectrum? A.     Ionization energy of the...
• 17M.1.sl.TZ2.29: What can be deduced from the following 1H\(\,\)NMR spectrum? A.     There is only one hydrogen...
• 17M.2.sl.TZ2.8b: Identify the species responsible for the peak at m/z = 110 in the mass spectrum of hydroquinone.
• 17M.2.sl.TZ2.8c: Identify the highest m/z value in the mass spectrum of quinone.
• 17M.2.hl.TZ2.7a.i: Deduce what information can be obtained from the 1H NMR spectrum.
• 17M.2.hl.TZ2.7a.ii: Identify the functional group that shows stretching at 1710 cm–1 in the infrared spectrum of this...
• 17M.3.sl.TZ2.4: Infrared (IR) spectra can be used to distinguish between various types of plastics. Some...
• 17M.3.sl.TZ2.18a.ii: Deduce the wavenumber of one absorbance seen in the IR spectrum of only one of the compounds,...
• 17M.3.hl.TZ2.20a.iii: Suggest two absorbances, other than the absorbances due to the ring structure and C–H bonds, that...
• 17M.3.hl.TZ2.21c.i: Predict the number of different hydrogen environments in the molecule ignoring the benzene rings.
• 17N.1.sl.TZ0.29: What information is provided by 1H NMR, MS and IR for an organic compound? I.   1H NMR: chemical...
• 17N.2.sl.TZ0.6a.iii: Deduce the number of signals and the ratio of areas under the signals in the 1H NMR spectra of...
• 17N.3.sl.TZ0.7b.ii: One of the two infrared (IR) spectra is that of polyethene and the other of polytetrafluoroethene...
• 17N.3.hl.TZ0.22a.i: Both spectra show a peak at wavenumber 1700 cm–1. Identify the bond responsible for this peak.
• 17N.3.hl.TZ0.22a.ii: Deduce which spectrum belongs to paracetamol, giving two reasons for your choice. Use section 26...
• 18M.2.hl.TZ1.1j: The mass spectrum of urea is shown below. Identify the species responsible for the peaks at...
• 18M.2.hl.TZ1.1k: The IR spectrum of urea is shown below. Identify the bonds causing the absorptions at 3450...
• 18M.2.hl.TZ1.1l.i: Predict the number of signals in the 1H NMR spectrum of urea.
• 18M.1.sl.TZ1.29: What is the index of hydrogen deficiency, IHD, of 3-methylcyclohexene? A.     0 B.     1 C. ...
• 18M.1.sl.TZ1.30: What is the ratio of the areas of the signals in the 1H NMR spectrum of pentan-3-ol? A.   ...
• 18M.2.sl.TZ1.1g: The mass spectrum of urea is shown below. Identify the species responsible for the peaks at...
• 18M.2.sl.TZ1.1h: The IR spectrum of urea is shown below. Identify the bonds causing the absorptions at 3450...
• 18M.2.sl.TZ1.1i: Predict the number of signals in the 1H NMR spectrum of urea.
• 18M.1.sl.TZ2.28: Which feature of a molecule does infrared spectrometry detect? A.     molecular mass B.   ...
• 18M.2.sl.TZ2.7c.i: Deduce the molecular formula of the compound.
• 18M.2.sl.TZ2.7c.ii: Identify the bonds causing peaks A and B in the IR spectrum of the unknown compound using section...
• 18M.2.sl.TZ2.7c.iii: Deduce full structural formulas of two possible isomers of the unknown compound, both of which...
• 18M.2.sl.TZ2.7c.iv: Deduce the formula of the unknown compound based on its 1H NMR spectrum using section 27 of the...
• 18M.3.sl.TZ2.7b: Deduce the number of 1H NMR signals produced by the zwitterion form of alanine.