There is a saying in Votic (a language close to extinction found in the Kingiseppsky region of Russia) Kem kḛrtā, mittā, sīz leikkā, and meaning measure thrice, cut once. A similar proverb can be found in a number of different languages, and can be interpreted broadly as meaning ‘give due consideration before you act’. However, in science the literal translation is very appropriate, because how sure can we be of the measurements we are recording? And what can we reliably conclude from our investigation?
Spectroscopic identification I
Topic 11.3 Explores our most common organic spectroscopic techniques: Mass Spec, IR, and NMR.
Spectroscopic identification II
Topic 21.1 Extends our knowledge of the main spectroscopic techniques with more challenging problems to solve.
Uncertainties, errors and graphs
Topics 11.1 & 11.2 This is content that is mostly useful for internal assessment, and not assessed a great deal in examinations.