DP Biology Questionbank
Option A: Neurobiology and behaviour
Description
Overview of the essential ideas for this option.
A.1: Modification of neurons starts in the earliest stages of embryogenesis and continues to the final years of life.
A.2: The parts of the brain specialize in different functions.
A.3: Living organisms are able to detect changes in the environment.
A.4: Behavioural patterns can be inherited or learned.
A.5: Communication between neurons can be altered through the manipulation of the release and reception of chemical messengers.
A.6: Natural selection favours specific types of behaviour.
Directly related questions
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.08: Outline innate and learned behaviour.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.07c.ii: State the area of the human brain that may have been damaged when the followingsymptom is...
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.07c.i: State the area of the human brain that may have been damaged when the following symptom is...
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.07b: Outline how the human brain can reorganize itself following a stroke.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.06b: Predict the consequences on C. maenas of increasing noise related to human activity.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.06a: State the effect of simulated ship noise on foraging behaviour.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.05c: Describe red-green colour blindness.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.05b: Explain the use of a local anesthetic during surgery to remove the cataract.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.04c: Explain how the cerebral cortex in humans differs from other mammals.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.04b: Suggest a role for the cerebral cortex in rodents such as rats and mice.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.04a.ii: Suggest advantages of the cerebral cortex containing a high percentage of the brain’s neurons.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.04a.i: State which group has the lowest percentage of cerebral cortex mass.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.07: The diagrams illustrate changes in synapse density of the cerebral cortex from newborn to...
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.06c: Outline how the hearing of a deaf or partially deaf person could be improved.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.06b: Explain the function of the cochlea in hearing.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.06a.ii: Using the letter A, label where sound is amplified.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.06a.i: Using the letter M, label the structures which detect movement of the head.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.05c: Suggest how an injury to the brain can help in understanding brain function.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.05b: Outline the reason that Broca’s area is more developed in humans than other primates.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.05a.ii: List two functions of the structure labelled A.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.05a.i: Identify the structure labelled A.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.04d.ii: Draw an arrow to show the direction of light through the retina.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.04d.i: Identify the cell labelled X.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.8: Explain two methods that scientists have used to determine the different functions of the brain.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.7b: Suggest reasons for the length you stated in (a) being the most common length of M. edulis that...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.7a: State the most common length of M. edulis eaten by the C. maenas population.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.6d: State the type of receptor that detects odours.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.6c: Outline the structure of a reflex arc.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.6b: Dopamine acts as a slow-acting neurotransmitter. Outline one function of slow-acting...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.6a: The diagram shows the mechanism of action of the psychoactive drug cocaine. Suggest how...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.5b: Explain how sounds of different wavelengths are distinguished by the ear.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.5a: Graph 1 shows the range of light wavelengths detected by the three types of cone cells in normal...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.4b: The diagrams show a rat brain and a human brain. They are not drawn to scale. Distinguish...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.4a.iii: State the condition that arises if the closure of structure X is incomplete during embryonic...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.4a.ii: Structure Y will eventually elongate to form two structures. State the names of these two...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.4a.i: Label the parts I and II on the images.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.7: Explain, using examples, the neurological effects of inhibitory psychoactive drugs.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.6d: Using an example, describe how innate behaviour may increase the chances of survival of a species.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.6c: Predict whether an animal such as a laboratory rat could be encouraged to learn a new behaviour...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.6b: List the different types of neurons involved in a reflex arc.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.6a: A study examined the effects of four weeks of intensive training in athletes on vertical jumping...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.5c: Describe the role of bipolar cells in the eye.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.5b: State the part of the ear that is responsible for detecting movement of the head.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.5a: Approximately 350 000 people worldwide have received cochlear implants. Outline the use of...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.4e: State one activity controlled by the medulla oblongata.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.4b: Outline the development of axons in immature neurons.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.8: Explain how information from the left and right sides of the visual field is processed.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.7b: Distinguish between a photoreceptor and an olfactory receptor.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.7a: State the name of the photoreceptor shown.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.6: The graph shows the relationship between body mass and brain volume in three groups of...
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.5b: Evaluate the use of the pupil reflex to test for brain damage.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.5a: Outline the function of the autonomic nervous system in the human body.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.4c: State the condition that arises if the closure of structure X is incomplete during embryonic...
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.4b: Structure Y will eventually elongate to form two structures. State the names of these two...
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.4a: Label the parts I and II on the images.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.7c: Explain the role of ganglion cells in the eye.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.7b: Explain the structure of the semicircular canals in relation to their functions.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.7a: The diagram shows the anatomy of the human ear. Label the cochlea on the diagram.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.6b: Outline the function of Broca’s area.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.6a: The cortex of the brain consists of several regions. State whether this view of the brain...
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.5c: Outline one reason for the large energy requirement of the brain.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.5b: Outline the organization of the human cerebral cortex with regard to structure and function.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.5a: In a study of brain organization, several factors were investigated. The relationship between the...
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.4c: Outline neural pruning.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.4b: Suggest a reason for the migration of neurons in the embryonic nervous system.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.4a: Calculate the rate of movement of the neuron cell body between 0 and 5 h. Working should be...
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.8: General anesthetics act on the neurotransmitters in neuron synapses. Explain the effect of...
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.7c: Explain the role of the hair cells in the cochlea.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.7b: State the function of the bones in the middle ear.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.6b: Describe an example of learned behaviour.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.6a: Outline the neural control of the process of swallowing.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.5c: State the function of the visual cortex.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.5b: Compare and contrast the effects of THC and CBD on the areas of the brain studied.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.5a: Outline the benefits of using fMRI in this experiment.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.4c: Autism appears early in life and affects how a person communicates and relates to others. There...
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.4b: Predict how mental activity might delay the onset of Alzheimer’s disease.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.4a: State what happens to unused neurons.
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.7b: Explain how the pupil of the eye can be used to assess brain damage.
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.7a: Identify the structures labelled I and II
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.6b: With reference to structures visible in the diagrams, explain how the human brain is more evolved...
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.6a: (i) Identify the structure labelled X. (ii) Outline the function of X in the human brain
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.5c: Outline how spina bifida could occur during embryonic development.
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.5b: State what occurs to structure X immediately following its formation.
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.5a: Outline the process taking place in the diagram.
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.4c: Explain the role of the hair cells in the cochlea.
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.4b: The woman suffers from otosclerosis in the right ear, a condition where the bones of the middle...
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.4a: Human speech occurs at a volume of approximately 60 dB and at frequencies between 125 Hz and 4000...
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.9d: Outline one reason this process, to increase the production of succinate, represents pathway...
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.9c: Outline the process of continuous culture fermentation.
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.8: Explain how colour in the environment is detected by the eyes and relayed to the brain in humans.
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.7d: Outline one way in which neurons can be altered by memory and learning.
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.7c: Outline one way in which synchronized oestrus in female lions increases the chances of survival...
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.7b: The bird known as the blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) traditionally migrates from its summer...
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.7a: With respect to Pavlov’s experiments with dogs, distinguish between the conditioned and...
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.6: The graphs compare the changes in membrane potential that result from a combination of stimuli....
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.4c: Draw an arrow on the diagram of the reflex arc to show the direction of impulses.
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.4b: Label the diagram of the reflex arc with the names of the neurons indicated.
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.4a: (i) Determine the age when synaptic density is highest. (ii) Explain how synaptic density...
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.8: Outline the nervous system processes involved in reading and responding to this question.
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.6: Explain the functioning of hair cells in the semicircular canals of the inner ear.
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.5b: Outline the source of visual sensory input to the right cerebral hemisphere.
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.5a: This image shows an MRI (magnetic resonance image) human brain scan. Identify the parts labelled...
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.4c: Outline the plasticity of the nervous system.
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.4b: State the process by which neurons are initially produced in the embryo.
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.4a: The diagram shows an advanced stage during neurulation in humans or chicks. Label structures I...
- 09N.3.SL.TZ0.15b: Explain the effect of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on brain function.
- 09N.3.SL.TZ0.14c: List four general kinds of sensory receptor. 1. 2. 3. 4.
- 09N.3.SL.TZ0.14b: Explain the role of receptors, sensory neurons and motor neurons in the response of animals to...
- 09N.3.SL.TZ0.14a: Compare rods and cones.
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.6: Discuss the causes of addiction, including genetic predisposition, social factors and dopamine...
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.5c: Outline how pain is perceived and the role of endorphins in this process.
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.5b: List two stimuli and the receptors that detect them.
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.4f: Define the term innate behaviour.
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.4e: The spawning window of D. strigosa is shown as a shaded gradient indicating a strong bias towards...
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.4d: Scientists hypothesized that the release of the male gamete triggers a chemical signal for...
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.4c: Discuss the significance of different spawning windows for different species.
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.4b: Suggest why it may be advantageous for each species of coral to spawn within a tight time frame.
- 09N.3.HL.TZ0.6: Discuss the concept of brain death and the use of the pupil reflex in testing for brain death.
- 09N.3.HL.TZ0.5c: State one effect of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on brain function.
- 09N.3.HL.TZ0.5a: Explain the role of the neurons used in the pain withdrawal reflex.
- 09N.3.HL.TZ0.4d: Cooperative breeding is an altruistic behaviour. Outline the evolution of altruistic behaviour.
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.15b: Outline how sound stimuli are detected in the ear.
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.15a: Outline Pavlov’s experiments into the conditioning of dogs.
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.14a: Label the parts of the reflex arc shown below.
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.13e: Scientists hypothesized that the release of the male gamete triggers a chemical signal for...
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.13c: Discuss the significance of different spawning windows for different species.
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.13b: Suggest why it may be advantageous for each species of coral to spawn within a tight time frame.
- 12N.3.SL.TZ0.15b: Explain the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in terms of its action at synapses in the brain.
- 12N.3.SL.TZ0.14b: Outline Pavlov’s experiments into conditioning of dogs.
- 12N.3.SL.TZ0.14a: Distinguish between innate behaviour and learned behaviour.
- 12N.3.SL.TZ0.13f: Hearing is a result of the stimulation of mechanoreceptors. List three other main types of...
- 12N.3.SL.TZ0.13e: Explain how sound is perceived by the ear.
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.6: Explain how the structures of the human ear allow for sound perception.
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.5c: State whether the following psychoactive drugs are excitatory or inhibitory, using the table...
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.5b (iii): Define the term reflex.
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.5b (ii): Outline the direction of nerve impulses through the cells labelled X and Y.
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.5b (i): Label cells X and Y. X: ............................................................. Y: ...
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.5a: Outline one function for each of the following parts of the brain.
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.4d: Discuss how this type of foraging behaviour could optimize food intake.
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.4c: Evaluate the hypothesis that honeybees have an instinct to forage for either nectar or pollen,...
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.4b: Distinguish between the difference in abundance of peptides in nectar and pollen foragers...
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.4a : Identify which peptide shows the greatest difference between pollen foragers and nectar foragers...
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.14c: Explain the effects of cocaine on mood and behaviour.
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.14b: Outline the role of inheritance and learning in the development of birdsong in young birds.
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.14a: Distinguish between innate and learned behaviour.
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.13c: Explain how sound is perceived by the ear.
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.13b: Outline how stimuli can be detected by human sensory receptors.
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.13a: The diagram below shows a reflex arc. Label I and II. I....
- 11N.3.HL.TZ0.7d: The investigation found that both living and dead A. fumigatus cells were able to absorb cadmium...
- 11N.3.HL.TZ0.7c: Discuss the use of A. fumigatus for the removal of cadmium ions in polluted waters.
- 11N.3.HL.TZ0.6: Discuss the evolution of altruistic behaviour using one non-human example.
- 11N.3.HL.TZ0.5c: Discuss the use of the pupil reflex in testing for brain death.
- 11N.3.HL.TZ0.5b: Outline the pupil reflex.
- 11N.3.HL.TZ0.5a (ii): Distinguish between rods and cones.
- 11N.3.HL.TZ0.5a (i): The diagram below shows the structure of the retina. Label I and II.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.15b: Using two examples, discuss how the process of learning can improve survival.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.15a: Distinguish, using examples, between innate behaviour and learned behaviour.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.14b: Explain the processing of visual stimuli.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.14a: List two groups of sensory receptors, giving the stimulus each perceives.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.12b: Discuss the correlation between diet and brain size.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.20: Explain the effects of cocaine in terms of action at synapses in the brain.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.19b: Outline the role of inheritance and learning in the development of birdsong in young birds.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.3a (ii): State an example of these receptors in humans.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.19a (i): State the type of receptor cells that detect sound.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.18b (ii): Explain the role of parts I and II in a pain withdrawal reflex.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.18b (i): Label the parts indicated by the letters I–IV. I....
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.18a : Define reflex.
- 10M.3.HL.TZ1.6: Discuss the concept of brain death and how it can be diagnosed.
- 10M.3.HL.TZ1.5c: Cocaine is considered an excitatory drug. State one other example of an excitatory drug and one...
- 10M.3.HL.TZ1.2a: The diagram below represents the human eye. State the names of structures I, II, III and...
- 10M.3.HL.TZ1.4c: Suggest one possible source of uncertainties or errors in these experiments.
- 10M.3.HL.TZ1.4d: Deduce, with a reason, what type of behaviour pattern is shown by the ants in the experiment.
- 10M.3.HL.TZ1.4b: Compare the results observed when the feeders were located at 5 m with the feeders at 60 m.
- 10M.3.HL.TZ1.4a: Outline the relationship between the downwind approach distance and the nest-feeder distance.
- 12M.3.SL.TZ2.15: Outline the development of birdsong in young birds.
- 12M.3.SL.TZ2.14d: Explain how the cochlea functions during hearing.
- 12M.3.SL.TZ2.14c: Label the diagram of the ear.
- 12M.3.HL.TZ2.5c: Outline the effects of cocaine at synapses in the brain.
- 12M.3.HL.TZ2.2a: State a function of each of the following parts of the human brain. (i) Cerebellum (ii) ...
- 12M.3.HL.TZ2.4d: The lunar cycle could affect the timing of breeding. Suggest, with a reason, one other...
- 12M.3.HL.TZ2.4c: Deduce the relationship between arrival events and amplexus events in moon phases D to F.
- 12M.3.HL.TZ2.4b: Compare the data for arrival events with amplexus events.
- 12M.3.HL.TZ2.4a: Identify which reproductive event is least influenced by the lunar cycle.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ2.15c: Discuss causes of addiction.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ2.15a: State one example of an excitatory and one example of an inhibitory psychoactive...
- 11M.3.SL.TZ2.14: Draw a labelled diagram of a reflex arc for a pain withdrawal reflex.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.15a: Explain the effects of psychoactive drugs on synaptic transmission.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.14c: Outline Pavlov’s experiments into conditioning in dogs.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.14b: Draw a labelled diagram of a reflex arc for a pain withdrawal reflex.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.14a: Define the term reflex.
- 11M.3.HL.TZ2.6: Explain the effects of cocaine in terms of its action at synapses in the brain and its social...
- 11M.3.HL.TZ2.5c: Describe different aspects of the processing of visual stimuli.
- 11M.3.HL.TZ2.5a: Identify the parts of the brain indicated on the diagram below.
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.6: Explain how sound is perceived by the ear.
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.5d: Outline how endorphins act as painkillers.
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.5c: Explain the effects of psychoactive drugs on synaptic transmission.
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.5b (ii): Outline the functions of the following parts of the brain. Hypothalamus:
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.5b (i): Outline the functions of the following parts of the brain. Medulla oblongata:
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.5a: Define the term stimulus.
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.15a: List two examples of inhibitory psychoactive drugs. 1. 2.
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.14a: Using the table below, distinguish between rod cells and cone cells.
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.13d: It is possible that non-migratory species possess more advanced cognitive skills other than...
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.13c.ii: Suggest a reason why this group needs the largest relative hippocampal volume.
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.13c.i: Analyse the data in the scattergraph to find which of the four groups of birds has the highest...
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.13b: Compare the hippocampal volume in migratory and non-migratory young and adult sparrows.
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.13a: State the relationship between brain volume and hippocampal volume in the non-migratory sparrows.
- 13N.3.HL.TZ0.5b: State the diagnostic tool used for functional analysis in the images.
- 13N.3.HL.TZ0.5a: Label the indicated areas on the images. X: Y:
- 13N.3.HL.TZ0.4c: Analyse the data to find whether it supports the hypothesis that genetic factors cause some...
- 13N.3.HL.TZ0.4b: Compare the results for identical twins and non-identical twins.
- 13N.3.HL.TZ0.4a: Identify which stage of cocaine use shows the least percentage difference between identical twins...
- 13M.3.SL.TZ2.15c: Suggest causes of addiction to drugs.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ2.15a (ii): State two effects that presynaptic neurons can have on postsynaptic transmission. 1. ...
- 13M.3.SL.TZ2.14a: State the missing cell type in the sequence encountered as light enters the retina.
- 13M.3.HL.TZ1.5b: Outline how the pupil reflex can be used to indicate brain death.
- 13M.3.HL.TZ1.5a: Label the following diagram of the eye.
- 13M.3.HL.TZ1.4e: Scientists anesthetized the beaks of some robins in order to deactivate...
- 13M.3.HL.TZ1.4d: Using the data in the diagram, deduce with a reason, whether European robins migrate during the...
- 13M.3.HL.TZ1.4c: Based on the results of these experiments, suggest one possible conclusion that could be drawn...
- 13M.3.HL.TZ1.4b: Distinguish between the effect of red light and green light on the behaviour of the robins in...
- 13M.3.HL.TZ1.4a: Identify the season and light conditions which result in the strongest northerly direction flown...
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.6: Explain how the ear converts sound waves in the air to the nerve impulses sent to the brain.
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.5b: State two effects presynaptic neurons could have on postsynaptic transmission.
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.5a(ii): State the function of the tube.
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.5a(i): State the type of stimulus provided by the sight and smell of the food.
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.4c: Outline one other example illustrating the adaptive value of a rhythmical behaviour pattern in a...
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.4b(i): Winter and summer weather conditions differ in the Kalahari Desert. Compare the results for...
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.4b(ii): The temperatures differ in summer and winter. Suggest one other possible reason why the lizard...
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.4a: State one time in spring when 5 % of the lizards were active.
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.15c: The image shows the human ear. Outline the role of the round window in the perception of sound.
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.15a: Identify the type of retinal cells that function best in dim light.
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.14b: Distinguish between innate behaviour and learned behaviour.
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.14a: Draw a labelled diagram of a reflex arc for a pain withdrawal reflex.
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.13c: The body temperature of the lizard is similar to environmental temperature. State the type of...
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.13b(ii): The temperatures differ in summer and winter. Suggest one other possible reason why the lizard...
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.13b(i): Winter and summer weather conditions differ in the Kalahari Desert. Compare the results for...
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.13a: State one time in spring when 5 % of the lizards were active.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.1d: Discuss how a larger brain size and longer life span might have contributed to the evolution of...
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.1c: Compare the brain mass and life span of primates and marsupials.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.1b: Identify the group with the widest range of brain mass.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.1a: State the relationship between brain mass and maximum life span.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.15b: State one other example of an excitatory and an inhibitory psychoactive drug. Excitatory drug: ...
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.15a: Compare the effects of cocaine and THC.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.13c: Distinguish between the times spent walking and grooming for honey bees fed with ethanol and...
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.13d: Evaluate the hypothesis that ethanol affects the social behaviour of honey bees.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.13b: Describe the trends in antennation for honey bees fed with ethanol and without ethanol.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.14a: State the type of receptors that detect smell and temperature. Smell: ...
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.4b: Identify which team showed the greatest tolerance to pain on competition day.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.5c (ii): Outline control of heart rate by the medulla oblongata.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.4a: State the effect of morphine during pre-competition training for team C.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.4c (i): Analyse the effect of the placebo as seen in the data.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.4c (ii): Suggest a reason for the reduced pain tolerance in team D during competition.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.4d: Analyse the data collected in the week following competition.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.5a: Label the numbered parts of the reflex arc.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.5b: State the type of human sensory receptor that detects motion, gravity and stretch.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.5c (i): State the part of the brain responsible for coordination and balance, especially during athletic...
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.13b: Compare the data for plastic and paper flowers.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.13d: Discuss how learning to find nectar using mechanoreceptors could lead to improved chances of...
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.14b: Salivation is normally a simple reflex. Explain the role of sensory, relay and motor neurons in a...
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.15a: List two examples of excitatory psychoactive drugs.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.4c: Distinguish between the times spent walking and grooming for honey bees fed with ethanol and...
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.4d: Evaluate the hypothesis that ethanol affects the social behaviour of honey bees.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.13a: Identify the trial for each flower type that shows the greatest variation. Paper: Plastic:
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.14a: The diagram above shows the set up similar to that used in Pavlov’s experiments on conditioning...
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.15b: Outline the possible effects of excitatory drugs on mood and behaviour.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.4b: Describe the trends in antennation for honey bees fed with ethanol and without ethanol.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.13c: Outline the evidence from the data that the ability to find nectar using mechanoreceptors is a...
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.15c: Discuss the causes of addiction to cocaine.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.5b: State one excitatory and one inhibitory psychoactive drug. Excitatory:...
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.5c: Describe, using one specific example of an animal, how the process of learning can improve its...
- 13M.3.HL.TZ2.5d: Discuss how the pupil reflex can be used as a test for brain death.
- 13M.3.HL.TZ2.5a (ii): Outline how sounds are perceived in the cochlea, including the name of the cell type involved.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.13 c: Suggest one reason for the large error bars on days 14 and 15.
- 13M.3.HL.TZ2.5c: Identify a function of the parts of the brain by using numerals II to V to complete the...
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.13 a: State the difference in neuron activity between nights 2 and 7.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.13 b: Outline the effect of exposure to birdsong on neuron activity.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.13 d: Evaluate the hypothesis that listening to other zebra finches is important to develop singing...
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.14 a: Label the following diagram of the eye.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.14 c: Outline the diversity of stimuli that can be detected by human chemoreceptors.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.15 a: The diagram below shows a synapse where the neurotransmitter is dopamine and some of the...
- 12M.3.HL.TZ1.2a: Distinguish between innate and learned behaviour.
- 12M.3.HL.TZ1.5c: Label the diagram of the ear.
- 12M.3.SL.TZ1.13c (i): Compare rod and cone cells.
- 12M.3.SL.TZ1.14a: Define the term reflex in animal behaviour.
- 12M.3.SL.TZ1.14b: Outline the main roles of motor, sensory and relay neurons in a spinal reflex arc.
Sub sections and their related questions
Option A: Neurobiology and behaviour (Core topics)
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.14a: State the type of receptors that detect smell and temperature. Smell: ...
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.5b: State the type of human sensory receptor that detects motion, gravity and stretch.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.5c (i): State the part of the brain responsible for coordination and balance, especially during athletic...
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.5c (ii): Outline control of heart rate by the medulla oblongata.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.1a: State the relationship between brain mass and maximum life span.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.1b: Identify the group with the widest range of brain mass.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.1c: Compare the brain mass and life span of primates and marsupials.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.1d: Discuss how a larger brain size and longer life span might have contributed to the evolution of...
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.13a: State one time in spring when 5 % of the lizards were active.
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.13b(i): Winter and summer weather conditions differ in the Kalahari Desert. Compare the results for...
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.13b(ii): The temperatures differ in summer and winter. Suggest one other possible reason why the lizard...
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.13c: The body temperature of the lizard is similar to environmental temperature. State the type of...
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.15a: Identify the type of retinal cells that function best in dim light.
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.15c: The image shows the human ear. Outline the role of the round window in the perception of sound.
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.6: Explain how the ear converts sound waves in the air to the nerve impulses sent to the brain.
- 13M.3.HL.TZ1.5a: Label the following diagram of the eye.
- 13M.3.HL.TZ1.5b: Outline how the pupil reflex can be used to indicate brain death.
- 13M.3.HL.TZ2.5a (ii): Outline how sounds are perceived in the cochlea, including the name of the cell type involved.
- 13M.3.HL.TZ2.5c: Identify a function of the parts of the brain by using numerals II to V to complete the...
- 13M.3.HL.TZ2.5d: Discuss how the pupil reflex can be used as a test for brain death.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.14 a: Label the following diagram of the eye.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.14 c: Outline the diversity of stimuli that can be detected by human chemoreceptors.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ2.14a: State the missing cell type in the sequence encountered as light enters the retina.
- 13N.3.HL.TZ0.5a: Label the indicated areas on the images. X: Y:
- 13N.3.HL.TZ0.5b: State the diagnostic tool used for functional analysis in the images.
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.13a: State the relationship between brain volume and hippocampal volume in the non-migratory sparrows.
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.13b: Compare the hippocampal volume in migratory and non-migratory young and adult sparrows.
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.13c.i: Analyse the data in the scattergraph to find which of the four groups of birds has the highest...
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.13c.ii: Suggest a reason why this group needs the largest relative hippocampal volume.
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.13d: It is possible that non-migratory species possess more advanced cognitive skills other than...
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.14a: Using the table below, distinguish between rod cells and cone cells.
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.5b (i): Outline the functions of the following parts of the brain. Medulla oblongata:
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.5b (ii): Outline the functions of the following parts of the brain. Hypothalamus:
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.6: Explain how sound is perceived by the ear.
- 11M.3.HL.TZ2.5a: Identify the parts of the brain indicated on the diagram below.
- 11M.3.HL.TZ2.5c: Describe different aspects of the processing of visual stimuli.
- 12M.3.HL.TZ1.5c: Label the diagram of the ear.
- 12M.3.HL.TZ2.2a: State a function of each of the following parts of the human brain. (i) Cerebellum (ii) ...
- 12M.3.SL.TZ1.13c (i): Compare rod and cone cells.
- 12M.3.SL.TZ2.14c: Label the diagram of the ear.
- 12M.3.SL.TZ2.14d: Explain how the cochlea functions during hearing.
- 10M.3.HL.TZ1.2a: The diagram below represents the human eye. State the names of structures I, II, III and...
- 10M.3.HL.TZ1.6: Discuss the concept of brain death and how it can be diagnosed.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.19a (i): State the type of receptor cells that detect sound.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.3a (ii): State an example of these receptors in humans.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.12b: Discuss the correlation between diet and brain size.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.14a: List two groups of sensory receptors, giving the stimulus each perceives.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.14b: Explain the processing of visual stimuli.
- 11N.3.HL.TZ0.5a (i): The diagram below shows the structure of the retina. Label I and II.
- 11N.3.HL.TZ0.5a (ii): Distinguish between rods and cones.
- 11N.3.HL.TZ0.5b: Outline the pupil reflex.
- 11N.3.HL.TZ0.5c: Discuss the use of the pupil reflex in testing for brain death.
- 11N.3.HL.TZ0.7c: Discuss the use of A. fumigatus for the removal of cadmium ions in polluted waters.
- 11N.3.HL.TZ0.7d: The investigation found that both living and dead A. fumigatus cells were able to absorb cadmium...
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.13b: Outline how stimuli can be detected by human sensory receptors.
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.13c: Explain how sound is perceived by the ear.
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.5a: Outline one function for each of the following parts of the brain.
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.6: Explain how the structures of the human ear allow for sound perception.
- 12N.3.SL.TZ0.13e: Explain how sound is perceived by the ear.
- 12N.3.SL.TZ0.13f: Hearing is a result of the stimulation of mechanoreceptors. List three other main types of...
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.15b: Outline how sound stimuli are detected in the ear.
- 09N.3.HL.TZ0.6: Discuss the concept of brain death and the use of the pupil reflex in testing for brain death.
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.5b: List two stimuli and the receptors that detect them.
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.5c: Outline how pain is perceived and the role of endorphins in this process.
- 09N.3.SL.TZ0.14a: Compare rods and cones.
- 09N.3.SL.TZ0.14b: Explain the role of receptors, sensory neurons and motor neurons in the response of animals to...
- 09N.3.SL.TZ0.14c: List four general kinds of sensory receptor. 1. 2. 3. 4.
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.4a: (i) Determine the age when synaptic density is highest. (ii) Explain how synaptic density...
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.7d: Outline one way in which neurons can be altered by memory and learning.
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.8: Explain how colour in the environment is detected by the eyes and relayed to the brain in humans.
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.9c: Outline the process of continuous culture fermentation.
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.9d: Outline one reason this process, to increase the production of succinate, represents pathway...
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.4a: The diagram shows an advanced stage during neurulation in humans or chicks. Label structures I...
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.4b: State the process by which neurons are initially produced in the embryo.
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.4c: Outline the plasticity of the nervous system.
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.5a: This image shows an MRI (magnetic resonance image) human brain scan. Identify the parts labelled...
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.5b: Outline the source of visual sensory input to the right cerebral hemisphere.
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.6: Explain the functioning of hair cells in the semicircular canals of the inner ear.
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.8: Outline the nervous system processes involved in reading and responding to this question.
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.4a: Human speech occurs at a volume of approximately 60 dB and at frequencies between 125 Hz and 4000...
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.4b: The woman suffers from otosclerosis in the right ear, a condition where the bones of the middle...
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.4c: Explain the role of the hair cells in the cochlea.
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.5a: Outline the process taking place in the diagram.
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.5b: State what occurs to structure X immediately following its formation.
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.5c: Outline how spina bifida could occur during embryonic development.
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.6a: (i) Identify the structure labelled X. (ii) Outline the function of X in the human brain
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.6b: With reference to structures visible in the diagrams, explain how the human brain is more evolved...
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.7a: Identify the structures labelled I and II
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.7b: Explain how the pupil of the eye can be used to assess brain damage.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.4a: State what happens to unused neurons.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.4b: Predict how mental activity might delay the onset of Alzheimer’s disease.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.4c: Autism appears early in life and affects how a person communicates and relates to others. There...
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.5a: Outline the benefits of using fMRI in this experiment.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.5b: Compare and contrast the effects of THC and CBD on the areas of the brain studied.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.5c: State the function of the visual cortex.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.6a: Outline the neural control of the process of swallowing.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.7b: State the function of the bones in the middle ear.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.7c: Explain the role of the hair cells in the cochlea.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.4a: Calculate the rate of movement of the neuron cell body between 0 and 5 h. Working should be...
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.4b: Suggest a reason for the migration of neurons in the embryonic nervous system.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.4c: Outline neural pruning.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.5a: In a study of brain organization, several factors were investigated. The relationship between the...
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.5b: Outline the organization of the human cerebral cortex with regard to structure and function.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.5c: Outline one reason for the large energy requirement of the brain.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.6a: The cortex of the brain consists of several regions. State whether this view of the brain...
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.6b: Outline the function of Broca’s area.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.7a: The diagram shows the anatomy of the human ear. Label the cochlea on the diagram.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.7b: Explain the structure of the semicircular canals in relation to their functions.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.7c: Explain the role of ganglion cells in the eye.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.4b: Outline the development of axons in immature neurons.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.4e: State one activity controlled by the medulla oblongata.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.5a: Approximately 350 000 people worldwide have received cochlear implants. Outline the use of...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.5b: State the part of the ear that is responsible for detecting movement of the head.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.5c: Describe the role of bipolar cells in the eye.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.6b: List the different types of neurons involved in a reflex arc.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.4a: Label the parts I and II on the images.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.4b: Structure Y will eventually elongate to form two structures. State the names of these two...
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.4c: State the condition that arises if the closure of structure X is incomplete during embryonic...
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.5a: Outline the function of the autonomic nervous system in the human body.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.5b: Evaluate the use of the pupil reflex to test for brain damage.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.6: The graph shows the relationship between body mass and brain volume in three groups of...
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.7a: State the name of the photoreceptor shown.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.7b: Distinguish between a photoreceptor and an olfactory receptor.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.8: Explain how information from the left and right sides of the visual field is processed.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.4a.i: Label the parts I and II on the images.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.4a.ii: Structure Y will eventually elongate to form two structures. State the names of these two...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.4a.iii: State the condition that arises if the closure of structure X is incomplete during embryonic...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.4b: The diagrams show a rat brain and a human brain. They are not drawn to scale. Distinguish...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.5a: Graph 1 shows the range of light wavelengths detected by the three types of cone cells in normal...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.5b: Explain how sounds of different wavelengths are distinguished by the ear.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.6d: State the type of receptor that detects odours.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.8: Explain two methods that scientists have used to determine the different functions of the brain.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.04d.i: Identify the cell labelled X.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.04d.ii: Draw an arrow to show the direction of light through the retina.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.05a.i: Identify the structure labelled A.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.05a.ii: List two functions of the structure labelled A.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.05b: Outline the reason that Broca’s area is more developed in humans than other primates.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.05c: Suggest how an injury to the brain can help in understanding brain function.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.06a.i: Using the letter M, label the structures which detect movement of the head.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.06a.ii: Using the letter A, label where sound is amplified.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.06b: Explain the function of the cochlea in hearing.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.06c: Outline how the hearing of a deaf or partially deaf person could be improved.
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.07: The diagrams illustrate changes in synapse density of the cerebral cortex from newborn to...
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.04a.i: State which group has the lowest percentage of cerebral cortex mass.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.04a.ii: Suggest advantages of the cerebral cortex containing a high percentage of the brain’s neurons.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.04b: Suggest a role for the cerebral cortex in rodents such as rats and mice.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.04c: Explain how the cerebral cortex in humans differs from other mammals.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.05c: Describe red-green colour blindness.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.07b: Outline how the human brain can reorganize itself following a stroke.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.07c.i: State the area of the human brain that may have been damaged when the following symptom is...
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.07c.ii: State the area of the human brain that may have been damaged when the followingsymptom is...
Option A: Neurobiology and behaviour (Additional higher level topics)
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.13b: Describe the trends in antennation for honey bees fed with ethanol and without ethanol.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.13c: Distinguish between the times spent walking and grooming for honey bees fed with ethanol and...
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.13d: Evaluate the hypothesis that ethanol affects the social behaviour of honey bees.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.15a: Compare the effects of cocaine and THC.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.15b: State one other example of an excitatory and an inhibitory psychoactive drug. Excitatory drug: ...
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.4a: State the effect of morphine during pre-competition training for team C.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.4b: Identify which team showed the greatest tolerance to pain on competition day.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.4c (i): Analyse the effect of the placebo as seen in the data.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.4c (ii): Suggest a reason for the reduced pain tolerance in team D during competition.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.4d: Analyse the data collected in the week following competition.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ1.5a: Label the numbered parts of the reflex arc.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.13a: Identify the trial for each flower type that shows the greatest variation. Paper: Plastic:
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.13b: Compare the data for plastic and paper flowers.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.13c: Outline the evidence from the data that the ability to find nectar using mechanoreceptors is a...
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.13d: Discuss how learning to find nectar using mechanoreceptors could lead to improved chances of...
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.14a: The diagram above shows the set up similar to that used in Pavlov’s experiments on conditioning...
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.14b: Salivation is normally a simple reflex. Explain the role of sensory, relay and motor neurons in a...
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.15a: List two examples of excitatory psychoactive drugs.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.15b: Outline the possible effects of excitatory drugs on mood and behaviour.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.15c: Discuss the causes of addiction to cocaine.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.4b: Describe the trends in antennation for honey bees fed with ethanol and without ethanol.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.4c: Distinguish between the times spent walking and grooming for honey bees fed with ethanol and...
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.4d: Evaluate the hypothesis that ethanol affects the social behaviour of honey bees.
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.5b: State one excitatory and one inhibitory psychoactive drug. Excitatory:...
- 15M.3.HL.TZ2.5c: Describe, using one specific example of an animal, how the process of learning can improve its...
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.14a: Draw a labelled diagram of a reflex arc for a pain withdrawal reflex.
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.14b: Distinguish between innate behaviour and learned behaviour.
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.4a: State one time in spring when 5 % of the lizards were active.
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.4b(ii): The temperatures differ in summer and winter. Suggest one other possible reason why the lizard...
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.4b(i): Winter and summer weather conditions differ in the Kalahari Desert. Compare the results for...
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.4c: Outline one other example illustrating the adaptive value of a rhythmical behaviour pattern in a...
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.5a(i): State the type of stimulus provided by the sight and smell of the food.
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.5a(ii): State the function of the tube.
- 15N.3.HL.TZ0.5b: State two effects presynaptic neurons could have on postsynaptic transmission.
- 13M.3.HL.TZ1.4a: Identify the season and light conditions which result in the strongest northerly direction flown...
- 13M.3.HL.TZ1.4b: Distinguish between the effect of red light and green light on the behaviour of the robins in...
- 13M.3.HL.TZ1.4c: Based on the results of these experiments, suggest one possible conclusion that could be drawn...
- 13M.3.HL.TZ1.4d: Using the data in the diagram, deduce with a reason, whether European robins migrate during the...
- 13M.3.HL.TZ1.4e: Scientists anesthetized the beaks of some robins in order to deactivate...
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.13 a: State the difference in neuron activity between nights 2 and 7.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.13 b: Outline the effect of exposure to birdsong on neuron activity.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.13 c: Suggest one reason for the large error bars on days 14 and 15.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.13 d: Evaluate the hypothesis that listening to other zebra finches is important to develop singing...
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.15 a: The diagram below shows a synapse where the neurotransmitter is dopamine and some of the...
- 13M.3.SL.TZ2.15a (ii): State two effects that presynaptic neurons can have on postsynaptic transmission. 1. ...
- 13M.3.SL.TZ2.15c: Suggest causes of addiction to drugs.
- 13N.3.HL.TZ0.4a: Identify which stage of cocaine use shows the least percentage difference between identical twins...
- 13N.3.HL.TZ0.4b: Compare the results for identical twins and non-identical twins.
- 13N.3.HL.TZ0.4c: Analyse the data to find whether it supports the hypothesis that genetic factors cause some...
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.15a: List two examples of inhibitory psychoactive drugs. 1. 2.
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.5a: Define the term stimulus.
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.5c: Explain the effects of psychoactive drugs on synaptic transmission.
- 11M.3.HL.TZ1.5d: Outline how endorphins act as painkillers.
- 11M.3.HL.TZ2.6: Explain the effects of cocaine in terms of its action at synapses in the brain and its social...
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.14a: Define the term reflex.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.14b: Draw a labelled diagram of a reflex arc for a pain withdrawal reflex.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.14c: Outline Pavlov’s experiments into conditioning in dogs.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.15a: Explain the effects of psychoactive drugs on synaptic transmission.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ2.14: Draw a labelled diagram of a reflex arc for a pain withdrawal reflex.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ2.15a: State one example of an excitatory and one example of an inhibitory psychoactive...
- 11M.3.SL.TZ2.15c: Discuss causes of addiction.
- 12M.3.HL.TZ1.2a: Distinguish between innate and learned behaviour.
- 12M.3.HL.TZ2.4a: Identify which reproductive event is least influenced by the lunar cycle.
- 12M.3.HL.TZ2.4b: Compare the data for arrival events with amplexus events.
- 12M.3.HL.TZ2.4c: Deduce the relationship between arrival events and amplexus events in moon phases D to F.
- 12M.3.HL.TZ2.4d: The lunar cycle could affect the timing of breeding. Suggest, with a reason, one other...
- 12M.3.HL.TZ2.5c: Outline the effects of cocaine at synapses in the brain.
- 12M.3.SL.TZ1.14a: Define the term reflex in animal behaviour.
- 12M.3.SL.TZ1.14b: Outline the main roles of motor, sensory and relay neurons in a spinal reflex arc.
- 12M.3.SL.TZ2.15: Outline the development of birdsong in young birds.
- 10M.3.HL.TZ1.4a: Outline the relationship between the downwind approach distance and the nest-feeder distance.
- 10M.3.HL.TZ1.4b: Compare the results observed when the feeders were located at 5 m with the feeders at 60 m.
- 10M.3.HL.TZ1.4d: Deduce, with a reason, what type of behaviour pattern is shown by the ants in the experiment.
- 10M.3.HL.TZ1.4c: Suggest one possible source of uncertainties or errors in these experiments.
- 10M.3.HL.TZ1.5c: Cocaine is considered an excitatory drug. State one other example of an excitatory drug and one...
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.18a : Define reflex.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.18b (i): Label the parts indicated by the letters I–IV. I....
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.18b (ii): Explain the role of parts I and II in a pain withdrawal reflex.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.19b: Outline the role of inheritance and learning in the development of birdsong in young birds.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.20: Explain the effects of cocaine in terms of action at synapses in the brain.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.15a: Distinguish, using examples, between innate behaviour and learned behaviour.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.15b: Using two examples, discuss how the process of learning can improve survival.
- 11N.3.HL.TZ0.6: Discuss the evolution of altruistic behaviour using one non-human example.
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.13a: The diagram below shows a reflex arc. Label I and II. I....
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.14a: Distinguish between innate and learned behaviour.
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.14b: Outline the role of inheritance and learning in the development of birdsong in young birds.
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.14c: Explain the effects of cocaine on mood and behaviour.
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.4a : Identify which peptide shows the greatest difference between pollen foragers and nectar foragers...
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.4b: Distinguish between the difference in abundance of peptides in nectar and pollen foragers...
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.4c: Evaluate the hypothesis that honeybees have an instinct to forage for either nectar or pollen,...
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.4d: Discuss how this type of foraging behaviour could optimize food intake.
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.5b (i): Label cells X and Y. X: ............................................................. Y: ...
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.5b (ii): Outline the direction of nerve impulses through the cells labelled X and Y.
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.5b (iii): Define the term reflex.
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.5c: State whether the following psychoactive drugs are excitatory or inhibitory, using the table...
- 12N.3.SL.TZ0.14a: Distinguish between innate behaviour and learned behaviour.
- 12N.3.SL.TZ0.14b: Outline Pavlov’s experiments into conditioning of dogs.
- 12N.3.SL.TZ0.15b: Explain the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in terms of its action at synapses in the brain.
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.13b: Suggest why it may be advantageous for each species of coral to spawn within a tight time frame.
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.13c: Discuss the significance of different spawning windows for different species.
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.13e: Scientists hypothesized that the release of the male gamete triggers a chemical signal for...
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.14a: Label the parts of the reflex arc shown below.
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.15a: Outline Pavlov’s experiments into the conditioning of dogs.
- 09N.3.HL.TZ0.4d: Cooperative breeding is an altruistic behaviour. Outline the evolution of altruistic behaviour.
- 09N.3.HL.TZ0.5a: Explain the role of the neurons used in the pain withdrawal reflex.
- 09N.3.HL.TZ0.5c: State one effect of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on brain function.
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.4b: Suggest why it may be advantageous for each species of coral to spawn within a tight time frame.
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.4c: Discuss the significance of different spawning windows for different species.
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.4d: Scientists hypothesized that the release of the male gamete triggers a chemical signal for...
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.4e: The spawning window of D. strigosa is shown as a shaded gradient indicating a strong bias towards...
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.4f: Define the term innate behaviour.
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.5c: Outline how pain is perceived and the role of endorphins in this process.
- 10N.3.HL.TZ0.6: Discuss the causes of addiction, including genetic predisposition, social factors and dopamine...
- 09N.3.SL.TZ0.15b: Explain the effect of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on brain function.
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.4b: Label the diagram of the reflex arc with the names of the neurons indicated.
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.4c: Draw an arrow on the diagram of the reflex arc to show the direction of impulses.
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.6: The graphs compare the changes in membrane potential that result from a combination of stimuli....
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.7a: With respect to Pavlov’s experiments with dogs, distinguish between the conditioned and...
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.7b: The bird known as the blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) traditionally migrates from its summer...
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.7c: Outline one way in which synchronized oestrus in female lions increases the chances of survival...
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.6b: Describe an example of learned behaviour.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.8: General anesthetics act on the neurotransmitters in neuron synapses. Explain the effect of...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.6c: Predict whether an animal such as a laboratory rat could be encouraged to learn a new behaviour...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.6d: Using an example, describe how innate behaviour may increase the chances of survival of a species.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.7: Explain, using examples, the neurological effects of inhibitory psychoactive drugs.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.6a: The diagram shows the mechanism of action of the psychoactive drug cocaine. Suggest how...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.6b: Dopamine acts as a slow-acting neurotransmitter. Outline one function of slow-acting...
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.6c: Outline the structure of a reflex arc.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.7a: State the most common length of M. edulis eaten by the C. maenas population.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.7b: Suggest reasons for the length you stated in (a) being the most common length of M. edulis that...
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.05b: Explain the use of a local anesthetic during surgery to remove the cataract.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.06a: State the effect of simulated ship noise on foraging behaviour.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.06b: Predict the consequences on C. maenas of increasing noise related to human activity.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.08: Outline innate and learned behaviour.