Distinguish between innate and learned behaviour.

Outline the role of inheritance and learning in the development of birdsong in young birds.

Explain the effects of cocaine on mood and behaviour.

innate behaviour develops independently of the environmental context/genetically
inherited and learned behaviour develops as a result of experience / OWTTE

young birds learn birdsong from parents/other adults;
young birds removed from parents capable of own song;
basic song template may be inherited;
learned birdsong is louder/richer;

(cocaine causes) dopamine build up in synapses / continuous neurotransmitter presence;
increased energy/alertness/feeling of euphoria/pleasure;
user becomes isolated/suspicious/less productive / alienates family and friends;
cocaine addiction/use may lead to crime/robbery to buy cocaine;

Many were not able to explain the difference between innate and learned behaviour clearly.

The outlines given by candidates on the role of inheritance and learning on development of birdsong were often not clear.

Many candidates were able to obtain one mark for indicating an example of the effect cocaine had on mood or behaviour. Few were able to state the build up of dopamine in synapses or continuous neurotransmitter presence due to cocaine.