| Date | May 2010 | Marks available | 2 | Reference code | 10M.3.SL.TZ1.20 |
| Level | Standard level | Paper | Paper 3 | Time zone | Time zone 1 |
| Command term | Explain | Question number | 20 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Explain the effects of cocaine in terms of action at synapses in the brain.
Markscheme
cocaine affects synapses using dopamine as neurotransmitter;
cocaine attaches to dopamine receptors on presynaptic membrane;
blocks dopamine transporters/prevents re-uptake / causes dopamine to persist in the synaptic cleft;
amplifies synaptic transmission / is an excitatory psychoactive drug / causes constant stimulation of postsynaptic neuron;
dopamine builds up in the synapse contributing to euphoria/pleasurable effects;
Examiners report
Most candidates have some understanding of the effects of cocaine, but answers were often lacking in sufficient detail for two marks. The majority did not understand the way that cocaine affects the synapse.
Syllabus sections
Option A: Neurobiology and behaviour » Option A: Neurobiology and behaviour (Additional higher level topics) » A.5 Neuropharmacology
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