Discuss the evolution of altruistic behaviour using one non-human example.

organism expends time/energy in caring for other (unrelated) members of the same species;
put themselves at risk or disadvantage for the good of other members of the species / actions that increase another individual’s number of offspring at cost to one’s own reproduction;

valid example; (e.g. primates / vampire bats / male turkeys or other birds such as Florida jays / mole rats)

Do not accept parental care.

description of altruistic behaviour of the example given;
might expect natural selection to be against behaviour that reduces chances of survival and reproduction;
close kin share alleles;
(adaptive significance is to) increase frequency of alleles shared in common;
(provides genetic advantages in kin by) promoting survival and reproduction within species;
altruistic behaviour towards non-relatives may allow selection of alleles responsible for the behaviour to be perpetuated;
some argue no true altruism as organism benefits either directly or indirectly in the future;
Award [5 max] if no valid non-human example given.

Many answers did not relate the evolution of altruistic behaviour with the genetic aspect. Very few answers made reference to the alleles. The specific behavioural aspects of vampire bats, mole rats and honey bees especially were well known but often failed to expand further.