a)
There are three steps to the free radical substitution mechanism. When ethane and chlorine react in the presence of UV light, chloroethane is produced. Write the equation for the initiation step.
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b)
Write two equations for the propagation steps for the reaction outlined in part (a).
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c)
Write the equation using structural formulae for the termination reaction between two CH 3 CH 2 ● free radicals.
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d)
State the type of bond breaking that occurs in the initiation reaction to produce free radicals.
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a)
State the balanced symbol equations for the complete combustion of propane and propanol.
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b)
The following reaction profile shown produces propanoic acid after three steps.
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Propene → Propan-1-ol → Propanal → Propanoic acid
State the reagents and conditions that can be used for steps 2 and 3.
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c)
Using your answer to part (b) to state the colour change for step 2.
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d)
Explain why 2-methylpropan-2-ol will not form a carboxylic acid.
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a)
Benzene undergoes substitution reactions. State the equation for the reaction of benzene with nitric acid to produce nitrobenzene and water.
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b)
The structure of methylbenzene is shown below.
Draw the structures of the two isomers of choromethylbenzene formed from the reaction of methyl benzene and Cl2 in the presence of AlCl3 .
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c)
State the type of reaction that benzene will typically undergo.
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