DP Chemistry Questionbank

• Syllabus

Topic 2: Atomic structure

Sub sections and their related questions

2.1 The nuclear atom

• 15M.2.hl.TZ1.4b: State one difference in the physical properties of the isotopes \(^{{\text{63}}}{\text{Cu}}\) and...
• 15M.1.sl.TZ1.5: Which statement about the isotopes of nitrogen is correct?
• 15M.1.sl.TZ2.5: Which statement is correct for the ion \(_4^9{\text{B}}{{\text{e}}^{2 + }}\)? A.     The ion...
• 15M.1.sl.TZ2.6: Which ion will be deflected most in a mass spectrometer? A.     \(^{16}{{\text{O}}^ + }\) B.  ...
• 15M.2.sl.TZ1.4a: State the relative mass and charge of the subatomic particles of an atom.
• 15M.2.sl.TZ1.4b: (i)     Calculate the number of neutrons and electrons in one atom of...
• 15M.2.sl.TZ2.2a: Calculate the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the...
• 15M.2.sl.TZ2.2d: The sample contained the three isotopes \(^{{\text{24}}}{\text{Mg}}\),...
• 14M.2.hl.TZ2.2a: The relative atomic mass of copper is 63.55. Calculate the percentage of...
• 14M.1.sl.TZ2.5: What does \(_{{\text{24}}}^{{\text{52}}}{\text{X}}\) represent? A.     An isotope of Te with 24...
• 14M.1.sl.TZ2.6: Which species would be deflected most in a mass spectrometer? A.    ...
• 14M.2.sl.TZ2.2a: State the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom of...
• 14M.2.sl.TZ2.2b: The relative atomic mass of boron is 10.8, to three significant figures. Calculate the percentage...
• 14M.2.sl.TZ2.2c: Isotopes of boron containing 7 and 8 neutrons also exist. Suggest why releasing isotopes...
• 14N.2.hl.TZ0.8a: (i)     Calculate the relative atomic mass of this sample of magnesium correct to two decimal...
• 14N.1.sl.TZ0.5: Which ion will show the least deflection in a mass spectrometer? A.    ...
• 14N.2.sl.TZ0.6a.i: Calculate the relative atomic mass of this sample of magnesium correct to two decimal places.
• 14N.2.sl.TZ0.6a.iii: Predict the relative atomic radii of the three magnesium isotopes, giving your reasons.
• 13N.1.hl.TZ0.4: What are the numbers of neutrons and electrons in the iodine ion,...
• 13N.2.hl.TZ0.8f.i: Outline why there are molecules with different molar masses.
• 13N.1.sl.TZ0.6: What are the numbers of neutrons and electrons in the iodine ion,...
• 13N.2.sl.TZ0.6f.i: Outline why there are molecules with different molar masses.
• 13M.1.sl.TZ1.6: Which statements about the isotopes of an element are correct? I.     They have the same...
• 13M.2.sl.TZ1.6a.i: Define the term isotopes of an element.
• 13M.2.sl.TZ1.6a.ii: Calculate the percentage abundance of each isotope, given that the relative atomic mass of B is...
• 13M.1.sl.TZ2.6: Which is an isotope of 24Mg? A.     \(_{{\text{11}}}^{{\text{24}}}{\text{Na}}\) B.  ...
• 13M.2.sl.TZ2.6a.i: Define the term isotopes of an element.
• 13M.2.sl.TZ2.6a.ii: Calculate the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the isotopes 35Cl and 37Cl.
• 13M.2.sl.TZ2.6a.iii: Using the mass numbers of the two isotopes and the relative atomic mass of chlorine from Table 5...
• 12N.1.sl.TZ0.5: What is the correct number of each particle in an oxygen ion,...
• 12N.2.sl.TZ0.4a: (i)     Define the terms atomic number, mass number and isotopes of an element.   Atomic...
• 10N.1.sl.TZ0.6: Which statement about the species \(^{{\text{63}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{u}}^{2 + }}\) and...
• 10N.1.sl.TZ0.7: Which statement about the isotopes of an element is correct? A.     They have the same mass...
• 10N.2.sl.TZ0.3b: A sample of iron has the following isotopic composition by mass. Calculate the relative atomic...
• 10N.2.sl.TZ0.3c: Calculate the number of electrons in the ion \(^{{\text{56}}}{\text{F}}{{\text{e}}^{2 + }}\).
• 10M.2.sl.TZ1.4c: The relative atomic mass of naturally occurring copper is 63.55. Calculate the abundances of...
• 10M.1.sl.TZ2.6: How many electrons does the ion \(_{{\text{15}}}^{{\text{31}}}{{\text{P}}^{3 - }}\) contain? A....
• 09M.1.sl.TZ1.7: How many protons, neutrons and electrons are present in each atom of \(^{{\text{31}}}{\text{P}}\)?
• 09M.2.sl.TZ1.5a.iii: Strontium exists as four naturally-occurring isotopes. Calculate the relative atomic mass of...
• 09M.1.hl.TZ2.5: The table below shows the number of protons, neutrons and electrons present in five...
• 09M.1.sl.TZ2.5: What is the atomic number of a neutral atom which has 51 neutrons and 40 electrons? A.   ...
• 09M.1.sl.TZ2.6: What is the relative atomic mass of an element with the following mass spectrum? A.   ...
• 09M.2.sl.TZ2.7a.i: Define the term isotopes.
• 09M.2.sl.TZ2.7a.ii: A sample of silicon contains three isotopes. Calculate the relative atomic mass of silicon...
• 11M.1.hl.TZ1.6: Which quantities are the same for all atoms of chlorine? I.     Number of protons II.   ...
• 11M.2.hl.TZ1.3b: Deduce the numbers of protons and electrons in the ion \({\text{C}}{{\text{o}}^{2 + }}\).
• 11M.1.sl.TZ1.6: Which statement about the numbers of protons, electrons and neutrons in an atom is always...
• 11M.2.sl.TZ1.2b: Deduce the numbers of protons and electrons in the \({{\text{K}}^ + }\) ion.
• 11M.2.sl.TZ1.7f: Silicon has three stable isotopes, \(^{{\text{28}}}{\text{Si}}\), \(^{{\text{29}}}{\text{Si}}\)...
• 11M.1.hl.TZ2.4: Consider the relative abundance of the isotopes of element X. What is the relative atomic mass...
• 11M.2.hl.TZ2.2c.i: Calculate the percentage of each isotope in pure antimony. State your answers to three...
• 11M.2.hl.TZ2.2c.iii: State the number of neutrons present in an atom of \(^{{\text{121}}}{\text{Sb}}\).
• 11M.1.sl.TZ2.6: Which statements about the isotopes of chlorine, \(_{{\text{17}}}^{{\text{35}}}{\text{Cl}}\) and...
• 11M.2.sl.TZ2.3a: Calculate the percentage of each isotope in pure rubidium. State your answers to...
• 11M.2.sl.TZ2.3c: State the number of electrons and the number of neutrons present in an atom of...
• 12M.1.sl.TZ2.6: Which subatomic particles are located in the nucleus of an atom? A.     Protons and...
• 12M.2.sl.TZ2.4a.ii: Determine the number of neutrons in one atom of iodine-131.
• 11N.1.sl.TZ0.5: A sample of zinc has the following composition: What is the relative atomic mass of the zinc...
• 11N.2.sl.TZ0.2a: Deduce the missing information and complete the following table.
• 16M.1.sl.TZ0.5: Which is correct for the chromium isotope...
• 16M.2.sl.TZ0.4c: A sample of compound A was prepared in which the 12C in the CH2 group was replaced by 13C. (i)...
• 16N.1.hl.TZ0.5: Which representation would be correct for a species, Z, which has 31 protons, 40 neutrons and 28...
• 16N.2.sl.TZ0.4a: State the nuclear symbol notation, \({}_Z^AX\), for magnesium-26.
• 16N.2.sl.TZ0.4b: Mass spectroscopic analysis of a sample of magnesium gave the following results: Calculate the...
• 17M.1.sl.TZ1.5: In which set do all the species contain more electrons than neutrons? A.     14N, 16O, 11C B.  ...
• 17M.2.sl.TZ1.2b: Titanium exists as several isotopes. The mass spectrum of a sample of titanium gave the following...
• 17M.2.sl.TZ1.2c: State the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the \({}_{22}^{48}{\text{Ti}}\) atom.
• 17M.1.sl.TZ2.5: What does \({}_{12}^{24}M{g^{2 + }}\) represent? A.     An ion with 12 protons and 24...
• 17M.2.sl.TZ2.1b: Naturally occurring silver is composed of two stable isotopes, 107Ag and 109Ag. The relative...
• 17N.1.sl.TZ0.5: What is the number of protons and the number of neutrons in 131I?
• 17N.2.hl.TZ0.2c: A sample of magnesium has the following isotopic composition. Calculate the relative atomic...
• 18M.2.hl.TZ1.2b: Describe how the relative atomic mass of a sample of calcium could be determined from its mass...
• 18M.1.sl.TZ1.5: Which shows the number of subatomic particles in 31P3−?
• 18M.3.sl.TZ1.12a.i: Natural uranium needs to be enriched to increase the proportion of 235U. Suggest a technique that...
• 18M.1.sl.TZ2.5: What is the composition of the nucleus of 26Mg?

2.2 Electron configuration

• 15M.2.hl.TZ1.8e: Describe how chlorine’s position in the periodic table is related to its electron arrangement.
• 15M.1.sl.TZ1.6: Ultraviolet radiation has a shorter wavelength than infrared radiation. How does the frequency...
• 15M.1.sl.TZ1.7: What is the total number of valence electrons in...
• 15M.1.sl.TZ1.28: Which statements about the chlorine free radical are correct? I.     It has 18 electrons. II. ...
• 15M.3.sl.TZ1.1a: State the relationship between the energy of a wave and its wavelength.
• 14M.1.hl.TZ1.5: Which electron configurations do not follow the Hund's rule? A.     I and II only B.     I...
• 14M.1.hl.TZ2.5: Which statement correctly describes the atomic emission spectrum of hydrogen? A.     It is a...
• 14M.1.sl.TZ1.5: The diagram represents the emission spectrum of hydrogen. Groups of arrows are labelled W, X and...
• 14M.1.sl.TZ1.6: Which species have the same electron arrangements? I.     \({{\text{O}}^{2 - }}\),...
• 14M.1.sl.TZ1.7: Which statement about the periodic table is correct? A.     The elements with atomic numbers 8,...
• 14M.3.sl.TZ1.1a: Describe the essential difference between the emission spectrum of sodium and the absorption...
• 14M.3.sl.TZ2.1b: Two types of spectroscopy are absorption and emission. Distinguish between each type of spectra,...
• 14N.2.hl.TZ0.10c: State the relationship between the electron arrangement of an element and its group and period in...
• 14N.1.sl.TZ0.6: Some possible electron transitions in a hydrogen atom are shown below. Which letter represents...
• 14N.2.sl.TZ0.8d: (i)     State the property that determines the order in which elements are arranged in the...
• 13N.1.hl.TZ0.5: What is the abbreviated electron configuration of the telluride ion,...
• 13N.2.hl.TZ0.4a: State the electron configuration of the manganese ion in EUK-134.
• 13N.1.sl.TZ0.7: In the emission spectrum of the hydrogen atom, which electronic transition would produce a line...
• 13M.1.hl.TZ1.5: What is the correct electron configuration of the \({\text{C}}{{\text{u}}^ + }\) ion? A.    ...
• 13M.2.hl.TZ1.6c.i: Apply the Aufbau principle to state the full electron configuration for an atom of phosphorus.
• 13M.2.hl.TZ1.7b.v: Draw the abbreviated orbital diagram for an iron atom using the arrow-in-box notation to...
• 13M.2.hl.TZ1.7b.vi: Draw the abbreviated orbital diagram for the iron ion in [Fe(CN)6]3– using the arrow-in-box...
• 13M.1.sl.TZ1.7: Which diagram shows a pattern similar to the emission spectrum of...
• 13M.1.hl.TZ2.5: Which species has the electron configuration of...
• 13M.2.hl.TZ2.3c.i: Draw the shape of an s orbital and a px orbital. Label the x, y and z axes on each diagram.
• 13M.2.hl.TZ2.3c.ii: State the maximum number of orbitals in the \(n = 4\) energy level.
• 13M.2.hl.TZ2.3d: A number of ruthenium-based anti-cancer drugs have also been developed. State the full electron...
• 13M.2.hl.TZ2.3e: Iron is in the same group in the periodic table as ruthenium. Construct the orbital diagram...
• 13M.3.sl.TZ2.A2c: Describe how the wavelength, the frequency, and the energy, change in moving from the infrared...
• 12N.2.hl.TZ0.1f.i: State the full electron configuration of iodine \((Z = 53)\).
• 12N.1.sl.TZ0.6: Which statement about the electromagnetic spectrum is correct? A.     Infrared light has a...
• 12N.2.sl.TZ0.4a: (i)     Define the terms atomic number, mass number and isotopes of an element.   Atomic...
• 12N.2.sl.TZ0.4b: (i)     Distinguish between a continuous spectrum and a line spectrum. (ii)     Draw a diagram...
• 09N.2.hl.TZ0.3a: Describe the emission spectrum of hydrogen. Outline how this spectrum is related to the energy...
• 09N.1.sl.TZ0.6: Which species have the same number of electrons? I.     \({{\text{S}}^{2 - }}\) II.    ...
• 10M.2.hl.TZ1.1c.i: State the full electronic configuration of \({\text{C}}{{\text{u}}^{2 + }}\).
• 10M.2.sl.TZ1.4f: With reference to electronic arrangements, suggest why the reaction between rubidium and water is...
• 10M.1.sl.TZ2.7: What is the electron arrangement of the \({\text{M}}{{\text{g}}^{2 + }}\) ion? A.     2,2 B.  ...
• 10M.2.sl.TZ2.2: Draw and label an energy level diagram for the hydrogen atom. In your diagram show how the series...
• 09M.1.hl.TZ1.5: Which species possesses only two unpaired electrons? A.     Zn B.     Mg C.    ...
• 09M.2.hl.TZ1.8c.i: State the full electronic configurations of copper, Cu, and the copper(I) ion,...
• 09M.1.sl.TZ1.8: Which is correct for the following regions of the electromagnetic spectrum?
• 09M.1.hl.TZ2.6: What is the order of increasing energy of the orbitals within a single energy level? A.    ...
• 09M.1.hl.TZ2.7: What is the electron configuration of the \({\text{C}}{{\text{r}}^{2 + }}\) ion? A.    ...
• 09M.2.hl.TZ2.3a.i: Draw the shape of the \({{\text{p}}_{\text{z}}}\) orbital using the coordinates shown.
• 09M.2.hl.TZ2.3a.ii: State the electron configuration of \({\text{F}}{{\text{e}}^{3 + }}\).
• 09M.2.hl.TZ2.3a.v: The element selenium \({\text{(}}Z = 34{\text{)}}\) has electrons in the 4s, 3d and 4p orbitals....
• 09M.2.hl.TZ2.5a.ii: State the maximum number of orbitals in the \(n = 2\) energy level.
• 11M.1.hl.TZ1.5: What is the electron configuration of vanadium? A.    ...
• 11M.2.hl.TZ1.3c: Deduce the electron configuration for the ion \({\text{C}}{{\text{o}}^{2 + }}\).
• 11M.2.hl.TZ2.3a.i: Explain what the square brackets around argon, [Ar], represent.
• 11M.2.hl.TZ2.3a.ii: State the values of \(x\) and \(y\).
• 11M.2.hl.TZ2.3a.iii: Annotate the diagram below showing the 4s and 3d orbitals for a chromium atom using an arrow,...
• 11M.1.sl.TZ2.7: In the emission spectrum of hydrogen, which electronic transition would produce a line in the...
• 11M.3.sl.TZ2.A1a: Identify region A.
• 11M.3.sl.TZ2.A1c: State which region of the electromagnetic spectrum can be used to identify the functional groups...
• 11M.3.sl.TZ2.A1d: Explain why the absorptions in infrared (IR) spectroscopy occur at much higher frequency than...
• 12M.1.hl.TZ2.5: In the electromagnetic spectrum, which will have the shortest wavelength and the greatest energy?
• 12M.1.sl.TZ2.7: What is the name of the type of spectrum consisting only of specific wavelengths? A.   ...
• 12M.1.sl.TZ2.8: Which statements are correct for silicon? I.     Its electron arrangement is 2,8,4. II.     It...
• 11N.1.hl.TZ0.6: Which shows the sub-levels in order of increasing energy in the fourth energy level of an...
• 11N.2.hl.TZ0.2b: State why the Co-60 radioisotope is used in radiotherapy.
• 11N.2.hl.TZ0.7e.iv: Draw an orbital box diagram (arrow-in-box notation) showing the electrons in the 4s and 3d...
• 11N.1.sl.TZ0.6: Which statement about the electromagnetic spectrum is not correct? A.     The wavelength of...
• 16M.1.sl.TZ0.6: Which electron configuration is correct for the selenide ion, Se2−? A.  1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2...
• 16M.2.sl.TZ0.4c: A sample of compound A was prepared in which the 12C in the CH2 group was replaced by 13C. (i)...
• 16M.2.sl.TZ0.4d: Draw a 1s atomic orbital and a 2p atomic orbital.
• 16M.2.hl.TZ0.4c: Outline, giving the full electron configuration of the vanadium atom, what is meant by the term...
• 16N.1.sl.TZ0.5: Which is correct for the line emission spectrum for hydrogen? A. Line M has a higher energy...
• 16N.1.sl.TZ0.6: What is the condensed electron configuration of the Fe2+ ion?  A. [Ar]3d6B. [Ar]3d44s2C....
• 16N.2.hl.TZ0.4c: Magnesium ions produce no emission or absorption lines in the visible region of the...
• 16N.2.hl.TZ0.4d: (i) Explain the convergence of lines in a hydrogen emission spectrum. (ii) State what can be...
• 17M.1.sl.TZ1.6: Which electron transition in the hydrogen atom emission spectrum emits radiation with the longest...
• 17M.1.sl.TZ1.7: The full electron configuration of an element is: 1s22s22p63s23p2 To which group and period...
• 17M.2.sl.TZ1.2d.i: State the full electron configuration of the \({}_{22}^{48}{\text{Ti}}\)2+ ion.
• 17M.1.sl.TZ2.6: Which electron transition emits radiation of the longest wavelength?
• 17M.2.sl.TZ2.1d: Outline the model of electron configuration deduced from the hydrogen line emission spectrum...
• 17N.1.sl.TZ0.6: Which is the electron configuration of a chromium atom in the ground state? A....
• 17N.2.sl.TZ0.2d: Describe the emission spectrum of hydrogen.
• 17N.2.hl.TZ0.2b: Outline how this spectrum is related to the energy levels in the hydrogen atom.
• 18M.2.hl.TZ1.2c: When calcium compounds are introduced into a gas flame a red colour is seen; sodium compounds...
• 18M.2.hl.TZ2.3a.iv: Calculate the wavelength, in m, for the electron transition corresponding to the frequency in...
• 18M.1.sl.TZ1.6: Which are correct statements about the emission spectrum of hydrogen in the visible region? I. ...
• 18M.2.sl.TZ1.2b: State the electron configuration of the Ca2+ ion.
• 18M.2.sl.TZ1.2c: When calcium compounds are introduced into a gas flame a red colour is seen; sodium compounds...
• 18M.2.sl.TZ2.3a.i: Draw the first four energy levels of a hydrogen atom on the axis, labelling n = 1, 2, 3 and 4.
• 18M.2.sl.TZ2.3a.ii: Draw the lines, on your diagram, that represent the electron transitions to n = 2 in the emission...
• 18M.2.sl.TZ2.3c.i: Copper is widely used as an electrical conductor. Draw arrows in the boxes to represent the...