DP Physics Questionbank

Description

Overview of the essential ideas for this topic

3.1: Thermal physics deftly demonstrates the links between the macroscopic measurements essential to many scientific models with the microscopic properties that underlie these models.

3.2: The properties of ideal gases allow scientists to make predictions of the behaviour of real gases.

Directly related questions

• 18M.2.SL.TZ2.2b.ii: Explain, in terms of molecular motion, this change in pressure.
• 18M.2.SL.TZ2.2b.i: Calculate, in Pa, the new pressure of the gas.
• 18M.2.SL.TZ2.2a.iii: Calculate, in J, the internal energy of the gas.
• 18M.2.SL.TZ2.2a.ii: Calculate the number of atoms in the gas.
• 18M.2.SL.TZ2.2a.i: State what is meant by an ideal gas.
• 18M.1.SL.TZ2.13: A sealed container contains water at 5 °C and ice at 0 °C. This system is thermally isolated from...
• 18M.1.SL.TZ2.12: A container that contains a fixed mass of an ideal gas is at rest on a truck. The truck now moves...
• 18M.1.SL.TZ2.11: The graph shows how the temperature of a liquid varies with time when energy is supplied to the...
• 18M.1.HL.TZ2.9: Q and R are two rigid containers of volume 3V and V respectively containing molecules of the same...
• 18M.2.SL.TZ1.2c: Explain, with reference to the kinetic model of an ideal gas, how an increase in temperature of...
• 18M.2.SL.TZ1.2b.ii: Calculate the average kinetic energy of the particles of the gas.
• 18M.2.SL.TZ1.2b.i: Calculate, in kg, the mass of the gas.
• 18M.2.SL.TZ1.2a: Calculate the pressure of the gas.
• 18M.2.HL.TZ1.2b.ii: Determine, in kJ, the total kinetic energy of the particles of the gas.
• 18M.1.SL.TZ1.12: A sealed cylinder of length l and cross-sectional area A contains N molecules of an ideal gas at...
• 18M.1.SL.TZ1.11: What are the units of the...
• 18M.1.SL.TZ1.10: A fixed mass of an ideal gas is trapped in a cylinder of constant volume and its temperature is...
• 17M.3.SL.TZ1.1d: The cross-sectional area of the tube is 1.3 × 10–3\(\,\)m2 and the temperature of air is 300 K....
• 17M.3.SL.TZ1.1c: Outline how the results of this experiment are consistent with the ideal gas law at constant...
• 17M.3.SL.TZ1.1a: The student measured the height H of the air column and the corresponding air pressure p. After...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.5c.ii: The experiment was carried out at a temperature of 18 °C. The volume of cylinder B was 1.3 x 10–5...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.3c.ii: Suggest one other energy loss in the experiment and the effect it will have on the value for the...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.3c.i: The mass of the resistance wire is 0.61 g and its observed temperature rise is 28 K. Estimate the...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.6d: At the instant of impact the meteorite which is made of ice has a temperature of 0 °C. Assume...
• 17M.2.SL.TZ2.4c: Rutherford and Royds expected 2.7 x 1015 alpha particles to be emitted during the experiment. The...
• 17M.2.SL.TZ1.1a.ii: Some of the gravitational potential energy transferred into internal energy of the skis, slightly...
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.10: An ideal gas has a volume of 15 ml, a temperature of 20 °C and a pressure of 100 kPa. The volume...
• 17M.1.SL.TZ2.12: A sealed container contains a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen gas.The...
• 17M.1.SL.TZ2.11: A mass m of ice at a temperature of –5 °C is changed into water at a temperature of 50...
• 17M.1.SL.TZ2.10: The graph shows the variation with time t of the temperature T of two samples, X and Y. X and Y...
• 17M.1.SL.TZ1.15: Two pulses are travelling towards each other. What is a possible pulse shape when the pulses...
• 17M.1.SL.TZ1.12: A fixed mass of an ideal gas in a closed container with a movable piston initially occupies...
• 17M.1.SL.TZ1.11: A thin-walled cylinder of weight W, open at both ends, rests on a flat surface. The cylinder has...
• 17M.1.SL.TZ1.10: A liquid is initially at its freezing point. Energy is removed at a uniform rate from the liquid...
• 16N.2.SL.TZ0.3a: Define internal energy.
• 16N.2.HL.TZ0.3b: 0.46 mole of an ideal monatomic gas is trapped in a cylinder. The gas has a volume of 21 m3 and a...
• 16M.2.SL.TZ0.3b: The experiment is repeated using the same mass of crushed ice. Suggest the effect, if any, of...
• 16M.2.SL.TZ0.3a: Using the data, estimate the specific latent heat of fusion of ice.
• 16N.1.SL.TZ0.12: The pressure of a fixed mass of an ideal gas in a container is decreased at constant temperature....
• 16N.1.SL.TZ0.11: An ideal gas of N molecules is maintained at a constant pressure p. The graph shows how the...
• 16N.1.SL.TZ0.10: Energy is supplied at a constant rate to a fixed mass of a material. The material begins as a...
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.7: A container with 0.60kg of a liquid substance is placed on a heater at time t=0. The...
• 16M.1.SL.TZ0.12: Under what conditions of density and pressure is a real gas best described by the equation of...
• 16M.1.SL.TZ0.11: Which of the following is not an assumption of the kinetic model of ideal gases? A. All...
• 16M.1.SL.TZ0.10: A substance is heated at constant power. The graph...
• 10N.2.SL.TZ0.B2Part2.c: State, in terms of molecular structure and their motion, two differences between a liquid and a...
• 10N.1.SL.TZ0.11: Which of the following is an assumption made in the kinetic model of ideal gases? A.   ...
• 10N.1.SL.TZ0.10: Thermal energy is added at a constant rate to a substance which is solid at time \(t = 0\). The...
• 10N.1.SL.TZ0.9: A system consists of an ice cube placed in a cup of water. The system is thermally insulated from...
• 10N.1.HL.TZ0.11: The graph shows the variation with absolute temperature \(T\) of the pressure \(p\) of a fixed...
• 10N.1.HL.TZ0.9: An ice cube and an iceberg are both at a temperature of 0 °C. Which of the following is a correct...
• 10M.1.SL.TZ1.10: The mole is defined as A.     \(\frac{1}{{12}}\) the mass of an atom of the isotope...
• 09M.1.SL.TZ1.11: In the kinetic model of an ideal gas, it is assumed that A.     the forces between the molecules...
• 09M.1.SL.TZ1.9: A temperature of 23 K is equivalent to a temperature of A.     \( - 300\) °C. B.     \( - 250\)...
• 14M.2.SL.TZ2.4a: State the difference between renewable and non-renewable energy sources.
• 14M.2.SL.TZ2.2b: Molten zinc cools in an iron mould.  The temperature of the iron mould was 20° C before the...
• 14M.2.SL.TZ2.2a: Outline why a given mass of molten zinc has a greater internal energy than the same mass of solid...
• 14N.2.SL.TZ0.4g: The whole of the experiment in (f)(i) and (f)(ii) is repeated with a container of negligible mass...
• 14N.2.SL.TZ0.4f.ii: The following data are available.      Specific heat capacity of water    ...
• 14N.2.SL.TZ0.4f.i: After a time interval of 45.0 s all of the ice has reached a temperature of 0 °C without any...
• 14N.2.SL.TZ0.4e: Describe, with reference to molecular behaviour, the process of melting ice.
• 15N.2.SL.TZ0.5f.ii: The specific heat capacity of lead is...
• 15N.2.SL.TZ0.5f.i: Discuss the changes to the energy of the lead spheres.
• 15N.2.SL.TZ0.5e: Distinguish between specific heat capacity and specific latent heat.
• 15N.1.SL.TZ0.11: Two objects are in thermal contact and are at different temperatures. What is/are determined by...
• 15N.1.SL.TZ0.8: A container holds 40 g of argon-40 \(\left( {_{{\text{18}}}^{{\text{40}}}{\text{Ar}}} \right)\)...
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.8: An ideal gas and a solid of the same substance are at the same temperature. The average kinetic...
• 15N.1.SL.TZ0.10: When 1800 J of energy is supplied to a mass m of liquid in a container, the temperature of the...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.6: Which of the following is numerically equal to the specific heat capacity of the substance of a...
• 15M.1.SL.TZ1.11: In the kinetic model of an ideal gas, which of the following is not assumed? A. The molecules...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.8: A fixed mass of an ideal gas has a constant volume. Two quantities, R and S, of the gas vary as...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.9: A fixed mass of an ideal gas undergoes an isochoric (isovolumetric) change. This increases the...
• 15M.1.SL.TZ2.8: Which of the following is equivalent to a temperature of –100°C? A. –373 K B. –173 K C. 173...
• 15M.1.SL.TZ2.10: Equal masses of water at 80°C and paraffin at 20°C are mixed in a container of negligible thermal...
• 15M.1.SL.TZ1.10: Molecules leave a boiling liquid to form a vapour. The vapour and the liquid have the same...
• 15M.1.SL.TZ2.9: A sample of solid copper is heated beyond its melting point. The graph shows the variation of...
• 15M.1.SL.TZ1.9: What is the definition of the mole? A. The amount of substance that has the same mass as...
• 15M.1.SL.TZ2.11: Which of the following is an assumption of the kinetic model of an ideal gas? A. The gas is at...
• 15M.2.SL.TZ1.3a: Explain, in terms of the energy of its molecules, why the temperature of a pure substance does...
• 15M.2.SL.TZ2.3b: This question is about internal energy. (i) Mathilde raises the temperature of water in an...
• 14M.1.SL.TZ1.10: A fixed mass of water is heated by an electric heater of unknown power P. The following...
• 14M.1.SL.TZ1.11: A block of iron of mass 10 kg and temperature 10°C is brought into contact with a block of iron...
• 14M.1.SL.TZ2.11: The specific latent heat is the energy required to change the phase of A. one kilogram of a...
• 14M.1.HL.TZ1.13: An ideal gas expands at constant pressure. The graph shows the relationship between pressure P...
• 14M.1.SL.TZ2.12: An ideal gas is contained in a thermally insulated cylinder by a freely moving piston. The gas...
• 14M.1.HL.TZ2.11: Two containers, X and Y, are each filled by an ideal gas at the same temperature. The volume of Y...
• 14M.2.SL.TZ1.5e: (i) Define the specific latent heat of fusion of a substance. (ii) Explain, in terms of the...
• 14M.2.SL.TZ1.5f: A piece of ice is placed into a beaker of water and melts completely. The following data are...
• 14N.1.SL.TZ0.9: Two objects are in thermal contact, initially at different temperatures. Which of the following...
• 14N.1.SL.TZ0.11: The following can be determined for a solid substance. I. The average kinetic...
• 14N.1.HL.TZ0.6: Two objects are in thermal contact, initially at different temperatures. Which of the following...
• 14N.1.HL.TZ0.8: What are the conditions of temperature and pressure at which the behaviour of a real gas...
• 11N.1.SL.TZO.10: A pure solid is heated at its melting point. While it is melting the A. mean kinetic energy of...
• 11N.1.SL.TZO.11: Which of the following is equivalent to a temperature of 350 K? A. –623°CB. –77°CC. +77°CD. +623°C
• 11N.1.SL.TZO.12: A liquid-in-glass thermometer is in thermal equilibrium with some hot water. The thermometer is...
• 12N.1.SL.TZ0.12: A mass of 0.20 kg of water at 20°C is mixed with 0.40 kg of water at 80°C. No thermal energy is...
• 12N.1.SL.TZ0.14: The internal energy of any substance is made up of the A. total random kinetic and potential...
• 11N.1.HL.TZ0.10: The molar mass of magnesium is 24g. 12g of magnesium contains the same number of particles as A....
• 11N.1.HL.TZ0.12: A fixed mass of an ideal gas is at temperature T. The pressure is doubled and the volume is...
• 12N.1.SL.TZ0.13: What is the temperature, in K, that is equivalent to 57°C? A. 220B. 273C. 330D. 430
• 13N.1.SL.TZ0.9: Molar mass is defined as A. the number of particles in one mole of a substance.B....
• 13N.1.SL.TZ0.11: A solid of mass m is initially at temperature ΔT below its melting point. The solid has specific...
• 12M.1.SL.TZ2.11: The specific latent heat of a substance is defined as the energy required at constant temperature...
• 17N.3.SL.TZ0.1b.i: Determine the gradient of the line at a temperature of 80 °C.
• 17N.3.SL.TZ0.1c.ii: Using an appropriate error calculation, justify the number of significant figures that should be...
• 17N.3.SL.TZ0.1c.i: Calculate the energy required to raise the temperature of the water from 75 °C to 85 °C.
• 17N.2.SL.TZ0.4b.ii: Outline the difference between the molecular structure of a solid and a liquid.
• 17N.2.SL.TZ0.4b.i: Determine the energy required to melt all of the ice from –20 °C to water at a temperature of 0...
• 17N.1.SL.TZ0.9: What does the constant n represent in the equation of state for an ideal gas pV = nRT? A. The...
• 17N.1.SL.TZ0.11: Under what conditions of pressure and temperature does a real gas approximate to an ideal gas?
• 17N.1.SL.TZ0.10: A 1.0 kW heater supplies energy to a liquid of mass 0.50 kg. The temperature of the liquid...
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.9: The fraction of the internal energy that is due to molecular vibration varies in the different...
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.12: Unpolarized light of intensity I0 is incident on a polarizing filter. Light from this filter is...
• 17N.3.SL.TZ0.1b.ii: State the unit for the quantity represented by the gradient in your answer to (b)(i).
• 09N.1.SL.TZ0.11: Tanya heats 100 g of a liquid with an electric heater which has a constant power output of 60 W....
• 09N.1.SL.TZ0.10: Carbon has a relative atomic mass of 12 and oxygen has a relative atomic mass of 16. A sample of...
• 09N.1.SL.TZ0.9: In the table below, which row shows the correct conversion between the Kelvin and Celsius...
• 09N.1.HL.TZ0.12: The behaviour of real gases is different from that predicted for ideal gases. Which of the...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.13: The behaviour of a monatomic gas such as helium will approximate to that of an ideal gas when it...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.10: Water at a temperature of 0 °C is kept in a thermally insulated container. A lump of ice, also at...
• 12M.1.SL.TZ2.9: Thermal energy is transferred to a solid. Three properties of the solid are I. volumeII....
• 12M.1.SL.TZ1.11: An ideal gas has an absolute temperature T. The average random kinetic energy of the molecules of...
• 12M.1.SL.TZ1.9: The total potential energy and random kinetic energy of the molecules of an object is equal to...
• 11M.1.SL.TZ2.11: The volume of an ideal gas in a container...
• 11M.1.SL.TZ2.9: The energy of the molecules of an ideal gas...
• 11M.1.SL.TZ2.10: Oil with volume V has specific heat capacity c at temperature T. The density of oil is ρ. Which...
• 12M.1.HL.TZ2.10: Which of the following correctly identifies the properties of the molecules of a substance that...
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.12b: The graph shows how the pressure P of a sample of a fixed mass of an ideal gas varies with volume...
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.12a: With respect to a gas, explain the meaning of the terms thermal energy and internal energy.
• 13M.2.SL.TZ2.5a: Distinguish between internal energy and thermal energy (heat). Internal energy: Thermal energy:
• 13M.2.SL.TZ2.5b: A 300 W immersion heater is placed in a beaker containing 0.25 kg of water at a temperature of...
• 12M.2.SL.TZ2.4b: Argon behaves as an ideal gas for a large range of temperatures and pressures. One mole of argon...
• 12M.2.SL.TZ2.4c: At the temperature of 350 K, the piston in (b) is now freed and the argon expands until its...
• 12M.2.SL.TZ2.4a: State two assumptions of the kinetic model of an ideal gas.
• 13M.1.SL.TZ2.9: The temperature of an object is -153°C. Its temperature is raised to 273°C. What is the...
• 11M.2.SL.TZ2.3b: Describe, with reference to the energy of the molecules, the difference in...
• 11M.2.SL.TZ2.3a: Distinguish between internal energy and thermal energy.
• 11M.2.SL.TZ2.3c: A piece of iron is placed in a kiln until it reaches the temperature θ of the...
• 12M.2.SL.TZ1.3a: Define specific heat capacity.
• 12M.2.SL.TZ1.3b: The following data are available. Mass of water = 0.35 kgMass of iron = 0.58 kgSpecific heat...
• 11N.2.SL.TZ0.5a: Distinguish between the concepts of internal energy and temperature.
• 11N.2.SL.TZ0.5c: An athlete loses 1.8 kg of water from her body through sweating during a training session that...
• 11N.2.HL.TZ0.2a: Distinguish between the concepts of internal energy and temperature.
• 12N.2.SL.TZ0.7a: The Pobeda ice island forms regularly when icebergs run aground near the Antarctic ice shelf. The...
• 12N.2.SL.TZ0.7b: Suggest the likely effect on the average albedo of the region in which the island was floating as...
• 13N.2.SL.TZ0.4h: In an experiment to measure the specific latent heat of vaporization of water, steam at 100°C was...
• 13N.2.SL.TZ0.4i: Explain why, other than measurement or calculation error, the accepted value of L is greater than...
• 13N.2.HL.TZ0.4a: Describe how the ideal gas constant R is defined.
• 13N.2.SL.TZ0.4g: Water at constant pressure boils at constant temperature. Outline, in terms of the energy of the...
• 13N.2.HL.TZ0.4b: Calculate the temperature of 0.100 mol of an ideal gas kept in a cylinder of volume 1.40×10–3 m3...
• 11M.1.SL.TZ1.11: What is the mass of carbon-12 that contains the same number of atoms as 14 g of silicon-28? A. 6...
• 11M.1.SL.TZ1.12: A heater of constant power heats a liquid of mass m and specific heat capacity c. The graph...
• 11M.1.SL.TZ1.10: A solid piece of tungsten melts into liquid without a change in temperature. Which of the...
• 11M.2.SL.TZ1.6c: After 10 s the ball has fallen 190 m. (i) Show that the sum of the potential and kinetic...