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Date November 2011 Marks available 3 Reference code 11N.2.SL.TZ0.5
Level Standard level Paper Paper 2 Time zone Time zone 0
Command term Distinguish Question number 5 Adapted from N/A

Question

Part 2 Internal energy

Humans generate internal energy when moving, while their core temperature remains approximately constant.

Distinguish between the concepts of internal energy and temperature.

[3]
a.

An athlete loses 1.8 kg of water from her body through sweating during a training session that lasts one hour.

Estimate the rate of energy loss by the athlete due to sweating. The specific latent heat of evaporation of water is 2.3×106 J kg–1.

[2]
c.

Markscheme

internal energy:
total energy of component particles (in the human);
comprises potential energy + (random) kinetic energy;

temperature: 
measure of average kinetic energy of particles;
indicates direction of (natural) flow of thermal energy;
internal energy measured in J and temperature measured
in K/°C ; (both needed)
(accept alternative suitable units)   

a.

total energy lost=2.3×106×1.8(=4.14×106J);
1.2 kW;

c.

Examiners report

[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
c.

Syllabus sections

Core » Topic 3: Thermal physics » 3.1 – Thermal concepts
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