DP Biology Questionbank

• Syllabus

Additional higher level

Sub sections and their related questions

Topic 7: Nucleic acids

• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.25: What is a feature of transcription?A. Both strands of a DNA molecule act as a template for...
• 15M.2.HL.TZ2.5a: Outline the structure and functions of nucleosomes.
• 15M.2.HL.TZ2.5b: Explain how DNA is used to pass on genetic information to offspring accurately but also produce...
• 15M.3.SL.TZ2.8a: Outline primary and quaternary protein structures. Primary protein structure:   Quaternary...
• 15M.2.HL.TZ1.5b: Prior to cell division, chromosomes replicate. Explain the process of DNA replication in...
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.25: What happens during transcription in eukaryotes? A. Polysomes move. B. Nucleosomes are...
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.26: What determines the primary structure of hemoglobin? A. Genetic information B. Hydrogen...
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.2b: State what is indicated by the presence of polysomes in a cell.
• 13M.1.HL.TZ2.25: How does DNA replicate? A. The deoxyribose of a free nucleotide is linked to the phosphate of...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ2.26: What are introns? A. Sequences of nucleotides that are removed to form mature RNA in...
• 13N.1.HL.TZ0.27: The following diagram shows a ribosome during translation. What describes the specific stage...
• 13N.1.HL.TZ0.29: What makes up eukaryotic RNA immediately after transcription?A. Exons, introns and primersB....
• 13N.2.HL.TZ0.6b: Explain the process of transcription in prokaryotes.
• 13M.3.SL.TZ1.8a (i): Identify the level of protein structure of the part labelled X.
• 11M.1.HL.TZ1.26: What does a nucleosome consist of ? A. DNA and histones B. DNA and chromatin C. Chromatin and...
• 11M.1.HL.TZ1.27: What are Okazaki fragments? A. Short lengths of RNA primase attached to the DNA during...
• 11M.1.HL.TZ1.28: The sequence of nucleotides in a section of RNA is: GCCAUACGAUCG What is the base sequence of...
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.2b: Distinguish between the sense and antisense strands of DNA during transcription.
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.2c: Compare the DNA found in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.
• 12M.2.HL.TZ1.2a: DNA replication involves a number of enzymes including DNA polymerase. Identify one other enzyme...
• 12M.2.HL.TZ1.2b: Explain the role of Okazaki fragments in DNA replication.
• 12M.2.HL.TZ1.2c (i): Label the sense and antisense strands.
• 12M.2.HL.TZ1.2c (ii): Draw an arrow on the diagram to show where the next nucleotide will be added to the growing mRNA...
• 12M.2.HL.TZ2.6a: Describe the relationship between genes, polypeptides and enzymes.
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.25: Which statement applies to transcription in eukaryotic cells but not to prokaryotic cells? A....
• 12M.1.HL.TZ2.25: What is a nucleosome? A. A region in a prokaryotic cell where DNA is found B. A DNA molecule...
• 12M.1.HL.TZ2.26: The diagram shows the cross section of a plasma membrane. What is found in area X? A....
• 12M.3.SL.TZ1.9: Explain the significance of polar and non-polar amino acids in proteins.
• 12M.3.SL.TZ2.8a: Define quaternary structure in proteins.
• 12M.3.SL.TZ2.8b: Outline the importance of polar and non-polar amino acids in proteins.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ1.1i (ii): Outline how this structure is held together.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ1.6a: Distinguish between RNA and DNA.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ1.6b: Explain the process of DNA replication.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ2.2b: Outline the structure of nucleosomes.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ2.2c: Explain primary structures and tertiary structures of an enzyme.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ2.6c: Explain prokaryotic DNA replication.
• 09M.1.HL.TZ1.23: What are the fundamental packaging units of eukaryotic chromosomes? A. Nucleosomes B....
• 09M.1.HL.TZ1.24: The antisense strand on the DNA molecule coding for three codons of a gene is TATCGCACG What...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ1.26: Which best describes the tertiary structure of a protein? A. The interaction of polypeptide...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ2.25: What is the distinction between highly repetitive DNA sequences and single-copy genes? A. The...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ2.37: Which of the following chemicals is a component of eukaryotic chromosomes? A. ProteinB....
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.6c: Translation occurs in living cells. Explain how translation is carried out, from the initiation...
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.7a: Most of the DNA of a human cell is contained in the nucleus. Distinguish between unique and...
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.7b: Draw a labelled diagram to show four DNA nucleotides, each with a different base, linked together...
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.7c: Explain the methods and aims of DNA profiling.
• 10M.2.HL.TZ2.5a: Outline the structure of a ribosome.
• 10M.2.HL.TZ2.5b: Distinguish between fibrous and globular proteins with reference to one example of each protein...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.26: What is the reason for Okazaki fragments being formed during DNA replication? A. To enable...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.28: What is removed during the formation of mature RNA in eukaryotes? A. Exons B. Introns C. Codons...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ2.25: Which of the following forms the nucleosome? A. DNA and histone molecules B. DNA only C. RNA and...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ2.26: What happens during the formation of Okazaki fragments? A. DNA polymerase III adds nucleotides...
• 10M.3.SL.TZ1.10b: Explain the significance of polar and non-polar amino acids.
• 10M.3.SL.TZ2.9a: List three functions of proteins, giving a named example of each.
• 10M.3.SL.TZ2.9b: Explain the significance of polar amino acids and non-polar amino acids in membranes.
• 09N.1.HL.TZ0.25: The diagram below shows part of a DNA molecule that is being replicated. Where would DNA...
• 11N.2.HL.TZ0.7 c: Explain the process of DNA replication.
• 11N.1.HL.TZ0.10: After which process are introns removed? A. Replication B. Transcription C. Translation D....
• 12N.2.HL.TZ0.7b: Explain the process of DNA replication.
• 12N.2.HL.TZ0.7c: Outline how the structure of the ribosome is related to its function in translation.
• 12N.1.HL.TZ0.24: The diagram is a three-dimensional molecular model of a protein. Which bonds stabilize the...
• 12N.1.HL.TZ0.27: The antisense strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence TACCCGATC. What would be the resulting...
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.1d: Using only this data, deduce which gene confers submersion resistance to rice plants.
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.1e(i): State the overall effect of overexpression of the OsGI gene in plants treated with short-day light.
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.1e(ii): Compare the results between the plants treated with short-day light and the plants treated with...
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.1e(iii): State, giving one reason taken from the data opposite, if unmodified rice is a short-day plant or...
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.1g: Evaluate, using all the data, how modified varieties of rice could be used to overcome food...
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.4b: Outline the structure of ribosomes.
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.4c: Explain the process of transcription leading to the formation of mRNA.
• 10N.3.SL.TZ0.9: Outline the differences between these two proteins.
• 09N.2.HL.TZ0.3d: Explain the role of transfer RNA (tRNA) in the process of translation.
• 09N.3.SL.TZ0.8b: Distinguish between the secondary structure and tertiary structure of proteins.
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.6: Very soon after fertilization, parental epigenetic methylation is reversed in the DNA....
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.8: The image represents a model of the protein transthyretin. Which level of structure is...
• 16M.2.HL.TZ0.5b: Explain the roles of specific enzymes in prokaryote DNA replication.
• 16N.1.SL.TZ0.15: Which is a valid comparison between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA?
• 16N.1.HL.TZ0.26: Where does a tRNA-activating enzyme attach the appropriate amino acid to the tRNA molecule?
• 16N.1.HL.TZ0.27: What does post-transcriptional modification of eukaryotic mRNA include? I.   Introns are removed...
• 16N.1.HL.TZ0.28: Variations in the types of antibodies are produced by mRNA splicing. What is an advantage of this...
• 16N.2.HL.TZ0.7c: Growth in living organisms includes replication of DNA. Explain DNA replication.
• 17M.1.SL.TZ1.1: Which structure found in eukaryotes has a single membrane? A. Nucleus B. Lysosome C....
• 17M.1.HL.TZ1.27: The diagram shows how pre-mRNA is processed into mature mRNA. Which structures are indicated by...
• 17M.1.HL.TZ1.28: Which types of interactions are found in a part of a protein with secondary but not tertiary...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.2a.i: Nucleosomes help to regulate transcription in eukaryotes. State the components of a nucleosome.
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.2a.ii: Nucleosomes help to regulate transcription in eukaryotes. State a chemical modification of a...
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.9: Scientists have heated a solution containing the protein albumin and measured its relative alpha...
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.11: This image is taken from a visualization of a eukaryotic ribosome. The arrows show the direction...
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.12: In which process(es) do nucleosomes play a role in eukaryotes? I. tRNA activation II....
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.6b: Outline the roles of the different binding sites for tRNA on ribosomes during translation.
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.8c: Explain the control of gene expression in eukaryotes.
• 17N.2.HL.TZ0.07b: Nitrogen is part of many important substances in living organisms. Distinguish between...
• 17N.3.HL.TZ0.03a: The Hershey and Chase experiment supported DNA as the hereditary material. Describe the experiment.
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.26: Some regions of DNA do not code for the production of proteins. What are these regions of DNA...
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.27: Which letter (A–D) indicates where a new nucleotide would attach?
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.28: Which cell component synthesizes actin and myosin? A. Free ribosomes B. Rough endoplasmic...

Topic 8: Metabolism, cell respiration and photosynthesis

• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.26: Which describes the role of amino acids in the channels of membrane proteins used for facilitated...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.28: Where in a eukaryotic cell does the Krebs cycle take place?A. In the cytoplasmB. Between the...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.29: What process occurs during the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?A. Oxygen is...
• 15M.2.HL.TZ2.7a: Explain chemiosmosis as it occurs in photophosphorylation.
• 15M.3.SL.TZ2.9b: Compare competitive and non-competitive enzyme inhibition
• 15M.2.HL.TZ1.2b (i): Identify the protein structures indicated by I and II. I: ...
• 15M.2.HL.TZ1.2b (ii): Describe how structure I is held together.    
• 15M.2.HL.TZ1.2b (iii): This protein is described as a globular protein. Distinguish between globular and fibrous...
• 15M.2.HL.TZ1.7b: The light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis take place on the thylakoid membranes. Explain...
• 15M.2.HL.TZ1.7c:  Outline two factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis.
• 15M.3.SL.TZ1.8a: Draw a labelled diagram of the structure of a mitochondrion as seen under the electron microscope.
• 15M.3.SL.TZ1.8b: Explain how the structure of a mitochondrion is related to its function.
• 15M.3.SL.TZ1.9b: The enzyme hexokinase catalyses the reaction between glucose and ATP to form Glucose –6–...
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.10: Once the leaves have been picked, all further metabolism must be stopped. By what means could...
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.28: From which substrate is the first carbon dioxide molecule released during cellular...
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.29: During photosynthesis, what happens in the chloroplast at the location labelled lumen? A....
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.30: What products of the light-dependent reactions are used in the light-independent reactions? A....
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.1a: Identify the total number of O. nerka with fork length from 240 to 245 mm caught in autumn 2008...
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.1b: Compare the data in the graph for autumn 2008 and winter 2009.
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.1c: Suggest two factors that could affect the distribution of O. nerka in the North Pacific Ocean.
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.1d: State the range of lipid content measured in O. nerka caught during autumn 2008. .......g
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.1e: Outline any correlation between total lipid content and fork length in autumn 2008 and in winter...
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.1f: Suggest reasons for the differences in lipid content.
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.1g: Describe the relationship between the distance of upstream migration and the concentration of...
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.1h: State the concentration of PCBs in muscle lipids at 125 km from the ocean estimated by the...
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.1i: As the O. nerka migrate upstream they no longer feed. Suggest a reason for the relationship of...
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.3c(i): One of the stages of aerobic respiration is called the link reaction. Label the diagram to...
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.3c(ii): Outline the role of coenzyme A in aerobic respiration.
• 15N.3.SL.TZ0.7a: State the level of chlorophyll at 50 % water content for plants growing in sunlight, giving the...
• 15N.3.SL.TZ0.7b: Outline the effect of sunlight and shade on CO2 assimilation during dehydration.
• 15N.3.SL.TZ0.7c: Compare the effect of rehydration on chlorophyll levels in plants grown in shade and sunlight.
• 15N.3.SL.TZ0.7d: Using the data, deduce, with a reason, two stages of photosynthesis that may be limited during...
• 15N.3.SL.TZ0.9a: Draw a labelled diagram showing the structure of a chloroplast.
• 15N.3.SL.TZ0.9b: Explain how energy is released and used to make ATP by electron carriers in the electron...
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.1a: Suggest one method other than measuring CO2 uptake by which the rate of photosynthesis could have...
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.1b: Suggest why heat treatment may reduce photosynthesis rates.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.1c: Outline the effect of drought and of re-watering on the rate of photosynthesis.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.1d: Describe the isoprene emissions during the drought and recovery periods at 25°C.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.1e: Compare the effect of the two temperatures on the emission of isoprene.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.1f: State the effect of heat treatment on the rate of photosynthesis.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.1g: Using the results in the graph, deduce the effect of the presence of fosmidomycin on the rate of...
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.1h: Suggest possible conclusions for this experiment.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.1i: State the difference in percentage recovery of photosynthesis 1 hour after heat treatment between...
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.1j: Explain the evidence provided by the data in the bar chart for the hypothesis that isoprene...
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.1k: Suggest two reasons for some plant species synthesizing and emitting isoprene, but not other...
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.3a: State the type of inhibition shown in this diagram.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.3b: Explain how this type of regulation could affect the synthesis of an amino acid.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.5c: Explain the light-independent processes of photosynthesis in plants.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.8a: Draw a labelled diagram of a mitochondrion as seen in an electron micrograph.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.1a: Describe the overall trend in body fat accumulation for the four groups of mice.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.1b: Compare the body fat accumulation between the four groups.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.1c: Distinguish between the results for the two groups.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.1d: This study also showed a significant reduction in insulin sensitivity when participants were...
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.1e: Discuss whether the results provide clear evidence of a difference in uptake.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.1f: Determine which sugar is primarily used in the production of ribose.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.1h: Using all of the data, evaluate the evidence that suggests the consumption of large amounts of...
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.7c: Some of the water carried to the leaves of a plant is used in photosynthesis. Explain the role of...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ1.27: The enzyme succinic dehydrogenase catalyses the conversion of succinate to fumarate. The...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ1.29: In a chloroplast where are the enzymes of the Calvin cycle located? A. Thylakoid membranesB....
• 13M.1.HL.TZ1.30: In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis what supplies low energy electrons to ...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ2.28: What is an allosteric site? A. The area on an enzyme that binds the end-product of a metabolic...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ2.29: When is energy released in a cell? A. ADP combines with inorganic phosphate.B. ATP releases...
• 13N.1.HL.TZ0.28: What describes non-competitive inhibition?A. Inhibiting molecule does not resemble substrate and...
• 13N.1.HL.TZ0.30: What happens during oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate?A. Reduction of NAD+ and oxidation of...
• 13N.1.HL.TZ0.31: Where is ATP synthase located?  
• 13N.2.HL.TZ0.4b: Outline photoactivation of photosystem II in the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis.
• 13N.2.HL.TZ0.7b: Some proteins in membranes act as enzymes. Describe a model that accounts for the ability of...
• 13N.2.HL.TZ0.8b: The protein hemoglobin transports oxygen to cells. Describe the processes that occur in the...
• 13M.3.SL.TZ1.7a: State the difference in chlorophyll content for Phaseolus between high and low light intensity,...
• 13M.3.SL.TZ1.7b: State the percentage value of total leaf nitrogen in chlorophyll for Spinacia at low light...
• 13M.3.SL.TZ1.7c: Suggest one advantage for plants to increase their leaf chlorophyll content per surface area when...
• 13M.3.SL.TZ1.7d: Evaluate the hypothesis that lower light intensity increases thylakoid nitrogen.
• 13M.3.SL.TZ1.8a (ii): State the role of ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase in the Calvin cycle.
• 13M.3.SL.TZ1.8c: Explain non-competitive inhibition.
• 13M.3.SL.TZ1.9b: Explain the relationship between the action spectrum and the absorption spectrum of...
• 13M.3.SL.TZ2.5b: Outline ATP production in muscle fibres during intense exercise.
• 13M.3.SL.TZ2.5c: Explain the role of ATP in muscle contraction.
• 13M.3.SL.TZ2.8c: Describe how the link reaction and the Krebs cycle are related.
• 13M.3.SL.TZ2.9a: Distinguish between oxidation and reduction in biological reactions.
• 13M.3.SL.TZ2.9b: State two products of glycolysis. 1. ...
• 13M.3.SL.TZ2.9c: Explain the role of cristae in mitochondria.
• 13N.3.SL.TZ0.7a: State the remaining activity of triose phosphate isomerase when...
• 13N.3.SL.TZ0.7b: Compare the effect of increasing the concentration of peptide 2 and peptide 3 on the remaining...
• 13N.3.SL.TZ0.7c: Identify, with a reason, which of the peptides is the most effective inhibitor of triose...
• 13N.3.SL.TZ0.7d: Deduce, with reasons, whether the peptides act as competitive or non-competitive inhibitors of...
• 13N.3.SL.TZ0.8b: The diagram shows chemiosmosis in the mitochondrion. Label I, II and III.
• 13N.3.SL.TZ0.9a: State the site of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis.
• 13N.3.SL.TZ0.9b: Explain the relationship between the structure of the chloroplast and its function.
• 13N.3.SL.TZ0.6a.ii: Outline which methods of ATP production are used in muscle fibres during different intensities of...
• 11M.1.HL.TZ1.29: The electron micrograph below shows an organelle in a eukaryotic cell. What is the area labelled...
• 11M.1.HL.TZ1.30: Where is chlorophyll found in a plant cell? A. Thylakoid membranes B. Stroma C. Matrix D....
• 11M.1.HL.TZ1.31: What is produced by the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis and used in the Calvin...
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.1a: Calculate how many minutes the group mice are active between 21:00 and 00:00 at 8°C.
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.1b: Outline the relationship between activity and temperature from 21:00 to 03:00 in all of the mice.
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.1c: Animals which are active at night are nocturnal. Suggest one advantage for mice being nocturnal.
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.1d: State the relationship between temperature and metabolic rate.
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.1e: Compare the results for the single mice at 15°C with those for the group mice at 15°C.
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.1f: Suggest one reason why the results differ for single mice and group mice.
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.1g: Explain why oxygen consumption is used as a measure of metabolic rate.
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.1h: Using the data from both graphs, evaluate the hypothesis that increased activity causes an...
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.5b: Distinguish between competitive and non-competitive enzyme inhibition of chemical reactions,...
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.5c: Explain the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis.
• 11M.3.SL.TZ1.7a: State the carbon dioxide concentration at pH 7.2.
• 11M.3.SL.TZ1.7c: Outline the relationship between pH and the rate of photosynthesis.
• 11M.3.SL.TZ1.7d: Suggest how Zostera marina can perform photosynthesis even at very low carbon dioxide...
• 11M.3.SL.TZ1.7e: Based on the information and data provided, discuss the role of one limiting factor, other than...
• 11M.3.SL.TZ1.9a: Draw a labelled diagram of a mitochondrion.
• 11M.3.SL.TZ1.9b: Explain how the structure of a mitochondrion is adapted for its function.
• 11M.3.SL.TZ2.8b: Outline the differences between competitive and non-competitive inhibitors.
• 11M.3.SL.TZ2.9: Explain the link reaction that occurs between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle.
• 12M.2.HL.TZ1.5c: Explain the effect of inhibitors on the activity of enzymes.
• 12M.2.HL.TZ2.6b: Outline control of metabolic pathways.
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.26: A substrate undergoes a series of enzyme-catalysed reactions to form intermediate substances X, Y...
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.27: What effect would adding an enzyme have on energy changes during the reaction? A. Reduce...
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.28: What is the total number of ATP molecules used and produced during glycolysis?
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.29: Where precisely in the cell do the reactions of the Krebs cycle take place? A. In the cytoplasm...
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.30: What occurs during the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis? A. ATP is produced. B....
• 12M.1.HL.TZ2.27: How does a competitive inhibitor interact with an enzyme? A. It binds to the active site,...
• 12M.1.HL.TZ2.28: What occurs during oxidative phosphorylation? A. ATP production using electrons from NADP B....
• 12M.1.HL.TZ2.29: What is the structure labelled X? A. Stroma B. Granum C. Crista D. Starch granule
• 12M.1.HL.TZ2.30: What is a function of Y? A. Carbon fixation B. Absorption of light C. Storage of glucose D....
• 12M.3.SL.TZ1.8a: Distinguish between oxidation and reduction.
• 12M.3.SL.TZ1.8b: Outline the process of glycolysis.
• 12M.3.SL.TZ1.8c: Using light as an example, explain the concept of limiting factors in photosynthesis.
• 12M.3.SL.TZ2.7a: State the relationship between Rubisco activity and temperature.
• 12M.3.SL.TZ2.7c: Determine which enzyme shows overall greater activity from 25°C to 42°C.
• 12M.3.SL.TZ2.7d: Explain the change in activase activity at temperatures higher than 42 °C.
• 12M.3.SL.TZ2.7e: In a leaf, both enzymes are present together. Predict, with a reason, how the rate of...
• 12M.3.SL.TZ2.8c: Describe non-competitive inhibition.
• 12M.3.SL.TZ2.9a: Label the following micrograph of a mitochondrion.
• 12M.3.SL.TZ2.9b: Explain how oxidative phosphorylation occurs by means of chemiosmosis.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ1.4a: Draw a labelled diagram of the structure of a chloroplast as seen with an electron microscope.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ1.6c: Outline how enzymes catalyse reactions.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ2.4b: Outline the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
• 09M.1.HL.TZ1.27: Where is carbon dioxide produced in the mitochondrion?
• 09M.1.HL.TZ1.28: In the mitochondrial electron transport chain, what is the last electron acceptor? A. CO2 B. H2O...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ1.29: Where are complex carbohydrates made in the chloroplast? A. In the intermembrane space B. In the...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ2.8: Where in the cell does the Calvin cycle take place? A. Stroma of chloroplastB. Mitochondrial...
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.1a (i): Outline the relationship between temperature and oxygen concentration in the body fluids in...
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.1a (ii): Suggest two reasons for the relationship.
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.1b: In its natural environment, Laternula elliptica buries itself in the mud on the sea bed. In this...
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.1c (i): Describe the trends in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, shown in the graph.
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.1c (ii): Suggest two reasons for the trends that you have described.
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.1d (i): Diffusion of carbon dioxide only occurs when there is a concentration gradient. Deduce the...
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.1d (ii): The graph provides evidence for the hypothesis that there will be no net diffusion of carbon...
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.1e (i): State the highest carbon dioxide concentration shown on the graph.
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.1e (ii): State the highest temperature shown on the graph.
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.1f: Using the data in the graph, deduce the relationship between atmospheric carbon dioxide...
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.1g: Using the data in this question, explain reasons for concern about the long-term survival of...
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.5c: Photosynthesis and transpiration occur in leaves. Explain how temperature affects these processes.
• 10M.2.HL.TZ2.6a: Outline the process of glycolysis.
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.10: Which of the following factors influence(s) the rate of oxygen production in photosynthesis? I....
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.27: Which is correct for the non-competitive inhibition of enzymes?
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.29: During glycolysis a hexose sugar is broken down to two pyruvate molecules. What is the correct...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.30: Where are the light-dependent and light-independent reactions taking place in the diagram below?
• 10M.1.HL.TZ2.27: Why is oxaloacetate a competitive inhibitor? A. It causes a conformational change to the...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ2.28: What is the link reaction in aerobic respiration? A. Pyruvate is carboxylated, acetyl reacts...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ2.29: What is chemiosmosis? A. Coupling of ATP synthesis to the electron transport and proton movement...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ2.30: The diagram below shows the structure of a chloroplast. What is the structure labelled X? A....
• 10M.3.SL.TZ1.9a (i): State the time at which carbon dioxide exchange rate is maximal.
• 10M.3.SL.TZ1.9a (ii): Explain the reasons for maximum carbon dioxide exchange rate at this time.
• 10M.3.SL.TZ1.9b: State the temperature that resulted in the highest rate of photosynthesis under current...
• 10M.3.SL.TZ1.9c: Using the data in the table, discuss whether rising carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere will...
• 10M.3.SL.TZ1.11a (i): Label pyruvate and acetyl coenzyme A on the diagram above.
• 10M.3.SL.TZ1.11a (ii): Indicate two places where decarboxylation occurs on the diagram.
• 10M.3.SL.TZ1.11a (iii): List one product other than carbon dioxide formed in this stage of respiration.
• 10M.3.SL.TZ1.11b: State precisely where in a cell this stage of respiration is occurring.
• 10M.3.SL.TZ1.12: Explain the control of metabolic pathways.
• 10M.3.SL.TZ2.7a: State the month when total photosynthesis was greatest.
• 10M.3.SL.TZ2.7b: Identify, with a reason, the water depth that receives no light.
• 10M.3.SL.TZ2.7c: In the upper 40m there is a drop in photosynthesis from March to June. This is probably due to...
• 10M.3.SL.TZ2.7d: Compare production in March with production in September.
• 10M.3.SL.TZ2.8a: Draw a labelled diagram showing the structure of a mitochondrion as seen in electron micrographs.
• 10M.3.SL.TZ2.8b: Explain the relationship between the structure of the mitochondrion and its function.
• 14N.1.HL.TZ0.12: What causes cyclic photophosphorylation to occur in photosynthesis?A. Reduced NADP is...
• 14N.1.HL.TZ0.17: If both parents are heterozygous for sickle-cell anemia ( HbA HbS ), what percentage of their...
• 14N.1.HL.TZ0.21: On sites polluted with heavy metals, some grasses show tolerance to concentrations of those...
• 14N.1.HL.TZ0.24: How has the transmission of HIV been reduced?A. Delaying the progression of HIV to AIDSB. Single...
• 14N.1.HL.TZ0.25: What is the difference between movement of the knee joint and hip joint?A. The knee only allows...
• 09N.1.HL.TZ0.26: The graph below shows energy changes during a chemical reaction that occurs without a catalyst....
• 09N.1.HL.TZ0.27: What is the role of NADH + H+ in aerobic cell respiration?A. To transfer hydrogen to the electron...
• 09N.1.HL.TZ0.28: What reaction, involving glycerate 3-phosphate, is part of the light-independent reactions of...
• 09N.1.HL.TZ0.29: What is the advantage of having a small volume inside the thylakoids of the chloroplast?A. High...
• 11N.2.HL.TZ0.8 a: Draw the absorption spectrum of chlorophyll.
• 11N.2.HL.TZ0.8 b: Explain the process of photophosphorylation in chloroplasts.
• 11N.1.HL.TZ0.13: What happens for each glucose during glycolysis? A. Four ATP are used. B. Two three-carbon...
• 11N.1.HL.TZ0.14: Which of the following is a role of ATP in photosynthesis? A. It provides the energy to make...
• 11N.1.HL.TZ0.15: What happens to triose phosphate (TP) in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis? A....
• 11N.3.SL.TZ0.7a: Using the graph, measure the amount of ATP produced by oxidative phosphorylation, giving the units.
• 11N.3.SL.TZ0.7b: Compare the changes in oxygen and lactate content in the blood when a resting rattlesnake starts...
• 11N.3.SL.TZ0.7c: Using the data, deduce, with reasons, whether anaerobic respiration provides some or all of the...
• 11N.3.SL.TZ0.8a: Label I and II. I. .................................................................. II....
• 11N.3.SL.TZ0.8b: Explain the relationship between chloroplast structure and its function.
• 11N.3.SL.TZ0.8c: Distinguish between oxidation and reduction.
• 11N.3.SL.TZ0.9c: Explain the control of metabolic pathways by end-product inhibition.
• 12N.2.HL.TZ0.6c: In anaerobic conditions, plants release energy by glycolysis. Outline the process of glycolysis.
• 12N.1.HL.TZ0.25: The following graph shows energy changes with and without enzymes during a chemical reaction. ...
• 12N.1.HL.TZ0.26: The diagram represents an allosteric enzyme. Where would the following inhibitors be most likely...
• 12N.1.HL.TZ0.29: The diagram represents components of the cristae in mitochondria.  Which arrow indicates how...
• 12N.1.HL.TZ0.30: In the following diagram of a metabolic pathway, which letter represents acetyl CoA?
• 12N.3.SL.TZ0.7a: Identify the relationship between temperature and CO2 absorption shown in both graphs.
• 12N.3.SL.TZ0.7b: The line on each graph indicates the mean net photosynthesis rate. Calculate the difference in...
• 12N.3.SL.TZ0.7c: Compare the data for the sour orange trees growing at 400 ppm with those growing at 700 ppm.
• 12N.3.SL.TZ0.7d: Identify, with a reason, whether CO2 concentration or temperature is the limiting factor on...
• 12N.3.SL.TZ0.7e: State two products that pass from the light-dependent to the light-independent stages of...
• 12N.3.SL.TZ0.8a: Describe how the tertiary protein structure relates to enzyme function.
• 12N.3.SL.TZ0.8b: Explain the control of metabolic pathways by end-product inhibition, including the role of...
• 12N.3.SL.TZ0.9a: Draw a labelled diagram showing the structure of a mitochondrion as seen under an electron...
• 12N.3.SL.TZ0.9b: Explain the relationship between the structure of the mitochondrion and its function.
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.7c: Explain the process of aerobic cell respiration after glycolysis has occurred.
• 10N.3.SL.TZ0.7a: State the activity of the wild-type enzyme without the inhibitor and with the inhibitor. Without...
• 10N.3.SL.TZ0.7b: Distinguish between the enzyme activity without the inhibitor in the wild-type and the mutant...
• 10N.3.SL.TZ0.7c: Explain why the activity of the enzyme from wild-type plants changes when the inhibitor is added.
• 10N.3.SL.TZ0.7d: The scientists concluded that the enzymes of the mutant plants had a reduced activity, but were...
• 10N.3.SL.TZ0.8a(i): State two products of glycolysis.
• 10N.3.SL.TZ0.8a(ii): Explain H+ movement in mitochondria and its significance for chemiosmosis.
• 10N.3.SL.TZ0.8b: State two limiting factors of photosynthesis.
• 09N.2.HL.TZ0.4c: Explain how chemiosmosis assists in ATP production during oxidative phosphorylation.
• 09N.3.SL.TZ0.7a: Describe the effect of salt concentration on the activity of the light-dependent reactions overall.
• 09N.3.SL.TZ0.7b: Compare the effect of increasing salt concentration on photosystem I with the effect on...
• 09N.3.SL.TZ0.7c: When salt concentration is increased, some algal cells increase their rates of cyclic...
• 09N.3.SL.TZ0.7d: Using the graph, predict the effect of high salt concentration on the growth of Chlorella...
• 09N.3.SL.TZ0.8c: Explain what is meant by allosteric inhibition.
• 09N.3.SL.TZ0.9a: State the location of high proton concentration caused by electron transport in the mitochondrion.
• 09N.3.SL.TZ0.9c: Explain how any two structural features of the mitochondrion are related to its function.
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.9: In one of the curves in the graph, the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction has been plotted...
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.10: The diagram represents the Krebs cycle.   What processes are occurring at I and II?
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.12: Which molecule would first contain 14C if the alga Chlorella was grown in the presence of light...
• 16M.2.HL.TZ0.4c: Mitochondria are thought to have evolved from prokaryotic cells. Describe two adaptations of the...
• 16N.1.HL.TZ0.29: The graph shows an example of an enzyme-catalysed reaction. What does the curve labelled X...
• 16N.1.HL.TZ0.30: Which process requires oxygen in aerobic cell respiration? A. Oxidation of triose phosphateB....
• 16N.1.HL.TZ0.31: The electron micrograph shows part of a plant cell. Where do the light-independent reactions of...
• 16N.2.HL.TZ0.3a: Identify the following processes as either anabolism or catabolism by placing a tick (√) in the...
• 16N.2.HL.TZ0.3b: Outline the importance of enzymes to metabolic processes.
• 16N.2.HL.TZ0.8a: Explain the processes by which light energy is converted into chemical energy.
• 16N.3.SL.TZ0.9a: Outline how a gene gun inserts genes into plants.    
• 17M.1.SL.TZ1.1: Which structure found in eukaryotes has a single membrane? A. Nucleus B. Lysosome C....
• 17M.1.HL.TZ1.29: The diagram shows a mitochondrion. Which letter indicates the structure where ATP synthase is...
• 17M.1.HL.TZ1.31: The graph shows the rate of an enzymatic reaction versus the substrate concentration, in the...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.5a: Explain how chemical energy for use in the cell is generated by electron transport and chemiosmosis.
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.13: Which technological advance enabled Calvin to perform his lollipop experiment on the...
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.14: This reaction occurs in mitochondria. What explains that this reaction enables energy to be...
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.15: What is used to reduce NADP in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis? A. Conversion of...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.2a: The sketch shows the relationship between the reaction rate and substrate concentration in the...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.2b.i: Describe its location.
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.2b.ii: Describe its function.
• 17N.2.HL.TZ0.04b: Describe the process of photolysis in photosynthesis.
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.29: Which reaction does not cause a net release of energy? A. ADP combines with inorganic phosphate...
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.30: Which process occurs during the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis? A. ATP, CO2 and H2O...
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.31: The image shows a portion of a cell containing a mitochondrion. [Source: ‘TEM of a...

Topic 9: Plant biology

• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.30: How do auxins cause plant shoots to grow towards light?A. Increase cell division on the side of...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.31: What is transported in xylem tissue?A. Sucrose from leaves to fruitsB. Starch from leaves to...
• 15M.2.HL.TZ2.8a: Explain how minerals move into plants.
• 15M.2.HL.TZ2.8b: Outline the conditions needed for the germination of a typical seed.
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.31: When a plant stem bends towards sunlight, what change does auxin promote in the cells on the side...
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.7b: Explain how abiotic factors affect the rate of transpiration in terrestrial plants.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ1.5b: Outline the metabolic processes that occur in starchy seeds during germination.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.6a: Outline how and where energy is stored in plants. 
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.7b: Describe how water is carried through a flowering plant.
• 13M.1.HL.TZ2.33: Which process happens first during germination of a starchy seed? A. Formation of gibberellinB....
• 13N.1.HL.TZ0.32: The following is a diagram of a flower.  What structures are indicated by the letters X, Y and...
• 13N.1.HL.TZ0.33: What steps occur in germination after water uptake?A. Gibberellin is produced, followed by...
• 13N.1.HL.TZ0.34: Which abiotic factors affect transpiration in plants?A. temperature, humidity and windB. pH,...
• 11M.1.HL.TZ1.32: The diagram below shows a cross section of a stem. What is the structure labelled Y and one of...
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.6c: Define the term transpiration and explain the factors that can affect transpiration in a typical...
• 12M.2.HL.TZ1.7a: Describe how plants carry out gas exchange in the leaves.
• 12M.2.HL.TZ2.4c: Angiospermophyta have vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) that bryophyta lack. Suggest advantages...
• 12M.2.HL.TZ2.7a: Outline pollination, fertilization and seed dispersal.
• 12M.2.HL.TZ2.8c: Explain how water is moved from roots to leaves in terrestrial plants.
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.31: A man attaches a bird box to the trunk of a dicotyledonous tree. A few years later he returns to...
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.32: Under which conditions would the rate of transpiration be greatest? A. Humid and cool with wind...
• 09M.2.HL.TZ1.4b: Describe how water is carried by the transpiration stream.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ1.4c: Explain how flowering is controlled in long-day and short-day plants.
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.5c: Photosynthesis and transpiration occur in leaves. Explain how temperature affects these processes.
• 10M.2.HL.TZ2.5c: Auxin is a protein. Explain its role in phototropism.
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.32: The diagram below shows part of the vascular system of a dicotyledonous plant. Which process is...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ2.32: How do mineral ions in the soil move into the root? A. Osmosis B. Mass flow of water C....
• 11N.2.HL.TZ0.8 c: Outline how the glucose produced as a result of photosynthesis is transported and stored in plants.
• 11N.1.HL.TZ0.39: What is a role of xylem? A. It absorbs minerals from the soil by active transport. B. It...
• 12N.2.HL.TZ0.6b: Explain the processes by which minerals are absorbed from the soil into the roots.
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.1e(i): State the overall effect of overexpression of the OsGI gene in plants treated with short-day light.
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.1e(ii): Compare the results between the plants treated with short-day light and the plants treated with...
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.1e(iii): State, giving one reason taken from the data opposite, if unmodified rice is a short-day plant or...
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.1g: Evaluate, using all the data, how modified varieties of rice could be used to overcome food...
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.2a: The photograph below shows the flowers of Campanula persicifolia. Label structures I, II and III.
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.2b(ii): Comment on the hypothesis that the plant shown in the photograph could be pollinated by an animal.
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.27: Which is the most efficient way for some desert plants to conserve water? A. By having no...
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.28: What allows most plants to continue producing more roots, leaves or stems throughout their...
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.29: How do most angiospermophyta improve sexual reproductive success? A....
• 16M.2.HL.TZ0.7c: In hot, dry conditions plants lose water rapidly due to transpiration. Explain how the structures...
• 16M.3.HL.TZ0.2a: Identify the tissue labelled II.
• 16M.3.HL.TZ0.2b: Outline one piece of evidence that the tissue labelled I is phloem tissue.
• 16M.3.HL.TZ0.2c: Explain how aphid stylets can be used to study the movement of solutes in plant tissues.
• 16M.3.HL.TZ0.3a: Distinguish between the rooting success of the juvenile shoots and the mature shoots.
• 16M.3.HL.TZ0.3b: Suggest one reason for the difference in the rooting success in the juvenile shoots and the...
• 16M.3.HL.TZ0.3c: Outline one variable that would need to be controlled in this experiment.
• 16M.3.HL.TZ0.3d: Auxin is a hormone that can be applied to improve the percentage success of rooting in those...
• 16N.1.HL.TZ0.32: Excessive irrigation can cause increased salinity in the soil. What effect does this have on...
• 16N.1.HL.TZ0.33: Chrysanthemums are an important commercial flower. As a short-day plant, how can growers induce...
• 16N.1.HL.TZ0.34: What is/are the effect(s) of auxin in plants? I.   Increasing the rate of cell elongation in...
• 16N.2.HL.TZ0.7a: Describe the transport of organic compounds in vascular plants.
• 16N.2.HL.TZ0.7b: The flowers of angiospermophyta are used for sexual reproduction. Outline three processes...
• 16N.3.HL.TZ0.3a: Describe briefly how scientists obtained leaf phloem sap from the potato plants.
• 17M.1.SL.TZ1.1: Which structure found in eukaryotes has a single membrane? A. Nucleus B. Lysosome C....
• 17M.1.HL.TZ1.32: Which process and cause are responsible for water uptake by the roots?  
• 17M.1.HL.TZ1.33: Which flower structures are indicated by the letters Y and Z?  
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.4c.i: Vascular plants can be found in a wide variety of ecosystems. Outline active transport in phloem...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.4c.ii: Vascular plants can be found in a wide variety of ecosystems. Explain how a plant replaces the...
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.30: Which process is matched with a valid example?
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.1a: Calculate the difference in the concentration of auxin found in L1 and L6. . . . . . . . . . . ....
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.1b: Identify the relationship between the concentration of auxin and the age of the different leaves.
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.1c: Analyse the effect of NPA on the formation of roots.
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.1d.i: Compare and contrast the changes in auxin concentration in the stem base over time for the...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.1d.ii: Deduce the effect of NPA on auxin transport between L6 and the stem base.
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.1e: Based on all the data presented and your knowledge of auxin, discuss the pattern of auxin...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.1f.ii: Compare the pattern of GH3 transcription with the pattern of auxin concentration in the stem base...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.1f.iii: The scientists concluded that auxin activates the transcription of the GH3 gene. Using the...
• 17M.3.HL.TZ2.1a: In order to form galls, the insects choose a location where cell division occurs at a high rate....
• 17M.3.HL.TZ2.3a: State the specific type of plant tissue that the plastic tube is meant to model. 
• 17M.3.HL.TZ2.3b: Predict, with a reason, what will happen to the pressure in this tube as transpiration occurs.
• 17M.3.HL.TZ2.3c: Outline how this control set-up could be modified to test the effect of either humidity or...
• 17N.2.HL.TZ0.08a: Plants have widespread influences, from food chains to climate change. Draw a labelled diagram...
• 17N.2.HL.TZ0.08b: Plants have widespread influences, from food chains to climate change. Explain the process of...
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.32: Agar is a growth medium without nutrients; starch agar is agar with starch added to it. Seed...
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.33: Which letter identifies phloem? [Source: E R DEGGINGER/Getty Images]
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.34: Cobalt chloride paper is blue when dry but turns pink with water. Blue cobalt chloride paper was...

Topic 10: Genetics and evolution

• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.34: Skin colour is a trait controlled by polygenic inheritance. Which statement is correct?A. Skin...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ2.23: The curly hair of the coat of Selkirk Rex cats is due to the presence of the allele SC.  These...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ2.25: Which is a statement of Mendel’s law of independent assortment? A. Allele pairs separate during...
• 15M.2.HL.TZ1.2a (i): A study of 600 adolescents in Sweden showed that milk consumption has a positive effect on height...
• 15M.2.HL.TZ1.5a: Outline the processes that occur during the first division of meiosis.    
• 15M.3.HL.TZ1.1a: Outline the genetic evidence that Canis populations have hybridized.
• 15M.3.HL.TZ1.1b: Compare the genetic data for southern Ontario coyotes and northeastern coyotes.
• 15M.3.HL.TZ1.1c: State with a reason whether the genetic evidence shows that the western coyote and the grey wolf...
• 15M.3.HL.TZ1.1d: The northeastern coyote has more wolf-like skull features than the southern Ontario coyote. ...
• 15M.3.HL.TZ1.1e: Discuss briefly whether there is genetic evidence to show a common ancestor for the...
• 15M.3.HL.TZ1.2c (ii):  Define gene pool.
• 15M.3.HL.TZ2.2c: A species is often defined as a group of similar individuals that interbreed in nature and...
• 15N.1.SL.TZ0.13: During which stage of meiosis does crossing over usually occur? A. Prophase I B. Metaphase...
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.34: At which stage of meiosis does a pair of sister chromatids separate? A. Metaphase I B. Anaphase...
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.35: In a fruit fly experiment, grey body, normal winged (homozygous dominant) fruit flies were mated...
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.4a: Determine the phenotype of Aabb.
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.4b: Compare the information that could be deduced when the genotypes are presented as AaBb or
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.4c: Deduce one possible recombinant offspring of individual after a test cross.
• 15N.3.HL.TZ0.3: Discuss evolution by gradualism and punctuated equilibrium.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.2a (ii): In a strain of soybeans, high oil content (H) in seeds is dominant to low oil content (h)  and...
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.2a (iii): In a strain of soybeans, high oil content (H) in seeds is dominant to low oil content (h)  and...
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.2b (ii): Determine, with a reason, whether this karyotype shows that non-disjunction has occurred.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.3a: The probability of extinction of a species increases if the population is small with low genetic...
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.3b: Explain how meiosis promotes variation.
• 13M.3.HL.TZ1.2b: Outline how isolation of a gene pool can lead to evolution.
• 13M.1.HL.TZ1.33: In fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) grey body is dominant to black body and long wings are...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ1.34: Human skin colour shows continuous variation.  What does this indicate about the pattern of...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ2.34: How does meiosis cause Mendel’s law of independent assortment? A. Linked genes are randomly...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ2.35: A test cross of linked genes was performed with fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster). What is...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ2.36: Why do humans inherit continuous variation with regard to height? A. The trait for tallness is...
• 13N.1.HL.TZ0.35: In a variety of tulips, V is the allele for variegated colour and C is the allele for compound...
• 13N.2.HL.TZ0.2c: Using an example, describe polygenic inheritance.
• 13M.3.HL.TZ2.2a: Define gene pool.
• 13M.3.SL.TZ1.12 a: Compare convergent and divergent evolution.
• 13M.3.SL.TZ1.12 b: Explain how polyploidy can contribute to speciation.
• 13N.3.HL.TZ0.2a: State the name given to the situation where two alleles of a gene persist indefinitely in a...
• 13N.3.HL.TZ0.2b: CF is a recessive condition that affects approximately 1 in 2500 births in Australia. Calculate...
• 13N.3.HL.TZ0.2c: Using CF as an example, distinguish between allele frequency and gene pool.
• 11M.1.HL.TZ1.33: The diagram below shows chromosomes during meiosis. How many chromosomes and chiasmata are...
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.7b: Describe how human skin colour is determined genetically.
• 11M.3.HL.TZ1.1a: Identify the highest and lowest probabilities of breeding for individuals of the same variety...
• 11M.3.HL.TZ1.1b: Identify the breeding combination that results in the lowest probability of breeding.
• 11M.3.HL.TZ1.1c: Analyse the probability of breeding between individuals from the same lake.
• 11M.3.HL.TZ1.1d: Scientists concluded that speciation is taking place in these populations. Discuss the evidence...
• 11M.1.SL.TZ1.15: What happens in crossing over? A. Exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes ...
• 11M.3.SL.TZ1.10a: Identify the highest and lowest probabilities of breeding for individuals of the same variety...
• 11M.3.SL.TZ1.10b: Identify the breeding combination that results in the lowest probability of breeding.
• 11M.3.SL.TZ1.10c: Analyse the probability of breeding between individuals from the same lake.
• 11M.3.SL.TZ1.10d: Scientists concluded that speciation is taking place in these populations. Discuss the evidence...
• 11M.3.SL.TZ2.10a (i): Identify the species with the shortest mean beak length.
• 11M.3.SL.TZ2.10a (ii): Determine the difference in the mean beak length of the two populations of Yellow-throated...
• 11M.3.SL.TZ2.10a (iii): Compare the range of variation in beak length of the Yellow-throated Warblers in Midwest to the...
• 11M.3.SL.TZ2.10b: Suggest an advantage for the longer beaks of Yellow-throated Warblers in Delmarva.
• 12M.2.HL.TZ1.4c: Explain how meiosis results in genetic variation in gametes.
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.33: Maize (Zea mays) contains 20 chromosomes in a diploid cell. How many chromosomes will be in each...
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.34: What causes variation in both sexually and asexually reproducing organisms? A. Mutations B....
• 12M.1.HL.TZ2.34: What causes genetic variety in the formation of gametes during meiosis? A. Crossing over in...
• 12M.3.HL.TZ2.2c: Describe one type of barrier that may exist between gene pools.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ1.2a (i): State the genotype of the heterozygous parent using the correct notation.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ1.2a (ii): Identify which individuals are recombinants in this cross.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ1.2a (iii): Explain what has occurred to cause these results.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ2.3b: Explain, using a named example, how polygenic inheritance gives rise to continuous variation.
• 09M.1.HL.TZ1.34: When do chiasmata form in meiosis? A. During prophase I B. During metaphase I C. During anaphase...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ1.35: Which of the following processes result in the production of recombinants? I. Crossing over...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ2.23: Which of the following conclusions did Mendel make from his experiments? A. Dominant genes are...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ2.30: If a heterozygous grey fruit fly is mated with a black-bodied fruit fly, what proportion of the...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ2.31: Male flies, heterozygous for both grey body and normal wings, were mated with black-bodied,...
• 10M.2.HL.TZ2.7b: Outline the formation of chiasmata during crossing over.
• 10M.2.HL.TZ2.7c: Explain how an error in meiosis can lead to Down syndrome.
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.12: What is a suspected heterozygous individual crossed with in a test cross? A. Homozygous dominant...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.34: A test cross resulted in these recombinants: Which of the following was the parental test...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ2.35: Which are the possible recombinants in a dihybrid test cross involving the linked genes...
• 10M.3.SL.TZ2.11b: There has been a change of thinking; moving from gradualism to punctuated equilibrium...
• 09N.1.HL.TZ0.34: How many autosomes are there in a human sperm?A. 1B. 22C. 23D. 46
• 09N.1.HL.TZ0.35: What is polygenic inheritance?A. A character that is controlled by two or more genesB. A...
• 11N.1.HL.TZ0.17: When does an unequal division of cytoplasm occur? A. During meiosis in the apical meristem B....
• 11N.3.SL.TZ0.10c: Discuss gradualism and punctuated equilibrium as ideas about the pace of evolution.
• 12N.1.HL.TZ0.34: In humans, wavy hair is dominant to straight hair and free ear lobes are dominant to fixed ear...
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.1a(i): State which variety of rice fails to respond to gibberellin treatment.
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.1a(ii): The activity of α-amylase was tested at successive concentrations of gibberellin. Determine the...
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.1b: Discuss the consequence of crossing gid1-1 heterozygous rice plants amongst themselves for food...
• 09N.2.HL.TZ0.3a: The genes described above form a linkage group. Define linkage group.
• 09N.2.HL.TZ0.3b: A cross is made between squirrels of the following genotypes. Using a similar format, identify...
• 09N.2.HL.TZ0.3c: Explain how the recombinants are formed during meiosis.
• 09N.3.SL.TZ0.12a: Compare sympatric speciation and allopatric speciation.
• 09N.3.SL.TZ0.12c: Discuss the concept of punctuated equilibrium.
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.19: In which situation are alleles exchanged? A. During the separation of sister chromatidsB. In the...
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.21: The statement is about the genetic control of cat coat colour. In a cross between two double...
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.22: This is the cross that led to the discovery of non-Mendelian ratios in Morgan’s experiments with...
• 16M.2.HL.TZ0.4b: Starting from the concept of gene pool, explain briefly how populations of early vertebrates...
• 16N.1.SL.TZ0.16: The diagram shows a pedigree chart. What does it reveal about the inheritance of the blood...
• 16N.1.HL.TZ0.35: Some of the ratios that Morgan investigated in genetic crosses did not correspond with expected...
• 16N.1.HL.TZ0.36: Fossil records show that black bears increased in size during the Ice Age and decreased in size...
• 16N.2.HL.TZ0.4a: List two causes of variation within a gene pool.
• 16N.2.HL.TZ0.4c: Outline what is required for speciation to occur.
• 17M.1.SL.TZ1.1: Which structure found in eukaryotes has a single membrane? A. Nucleus B. Lysosome C....
• 17M.1.HL.TZ1.35: Which gametes can result from the following crossover?        
• 17M.1.HL.TZ1.36: What can lead to reproductive isolation after just one generation? A. Polyploidy B. Increased...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.7a: Discuss the role of genes and chromosomes in determining individual and shared character features...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.7b: Outline the process of speciation.
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.19: The genetic determination of dogs’ coats can be quite complex, with many different genes acting...
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.20: The graph shows variations in beak size for the bird Geospiza fortis on an island in the...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.7a: Outline how reproductive isolation can occur in an animal population.
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.8b: Draw a labelled diagram of the formation of a chiasma by crossing over.
• 17M.3.HL.TZ2.1c: Explain the concept of directional selection with respect to this example.
• 17N.2.HL.TZ0.05a: Describe the process of crossing over.
• 17N.2.HL.TZ0.05b: Explain the reason for linked genes not following the pattern of inheritance discovered by Mendel.
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.35: How do the concepts of gradualism and punctuated equilibrium differ? A. The timing of...
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.36: In a plant, dark leaves are dominant to pale leaves and yellow seeds are dominant to white...

Topic 11: Animal physiology

• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.35: The diagram shows a nephron from a human kidney. In what part of the nephron would most glucose...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.36: In which region of the kidney is the glomerulus found?A. Cortex onlyB. Medulla onlyC. Cortex and...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.37: What is an example of active immunity?A. Antibodies passed from the mother to fetus across the...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.38: What is bone X and muscle Y in the diagram of the elbow joint?
• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.39: What is the function of the epididymis in the male reproduction system?A. To stimulate sperm...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ1.40: From where is human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) secreted in early pregnancy?A. EmbryoB. Corpus...
• 15M.1.SL.TZ2.26: The image shows the male reproduction system. Where is prostate cancer likely to start...
• 15M.2.HL.TZ2.5c: Accurate transmission of base sequences to offspring depends on successful gamete production....
• 15M.2.HL.TZ2.6c: All parts of the body change the composition of the blood.  Explain how the nephron changes the...
• 15M.2.SL.TZ1.6a: Draw a labelled diagram of the human adult male reproductive system.
• 15M.3.SL.TZ2.5a: Outline the function of myosin and actin in muscle contraction.
• 15M.3.SL.TZ2.5b (i): State the function of the following structures in the human elbow. Synovial fluid
• 15M.3.SL.TZ2.5b (ii): State the function of the following structures in the human elbow. Biceps
• 15M.3.SL.TZ2.7b: Compare OCR due to non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption and mitochondrial respiration after...
• 15M.3.SL.TZ2.7c: Suggest reasons for the rise in mitochondrial respiration in the 48 hours after fertilization.
• 15M.3.SL.TZ2.7d: Non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption does not produce ATP and decreases in relation to...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ2.30: What results from the fusion of tumour cells with B-cells? A. The inability of B-cells to...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ2.31: The image shows the male reproduction system. Where is prostate cancer likely to start...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ2.37: What is the main role of nerves in human movement? A. To cause muscles to stretchB. To move...
• 15M.1.HL.TZ2.38: Which letter correctly identifies the medulla?  
• 15M.1.HL.TZ2.40: Which event takes place during normal fertilization? A. The acrosome fuses with the egg...
• 15M.2.HL.TZ1.4a: Draw a labelled diagram of the human adult male reproductive system.    
• 15M.2.HL.TZ1.4b: Compare the processes of spermatogenesis and oogenesis    
• 15M.2.HL.TZ1.6b: Explain how skeletal muscle contracts.    
• 15M.3.SL.TZ1.6a: State the names and functions of the antagonistic muscles of the human elbow joint.
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.36: In the production of monoclonal antibodies, B-cells are fused to tumour cells to make hybridoma...
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.37: A skeletal muscle contains bundles of elongated muscle fibre cells. What is the longest structure...
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.38: What is a function of synovial fluid in the elbow joint? A. Joins the humerus to the radius and...
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.39: Where are microvilli located in the nephron? A. Glomerulus B. Proximal convoluted tubule C....
• 15N.1.HL.TZ0.40: Through what process does a spermatid become a functioning spermatozoan? A. Mitosis B....
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.3a(i): Label the structures indicated on the X-ray of a human elbow.
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.3b: Explain the role of calcium in muscle contraction.
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.5a: Draw a labelled diagram of a mature human egg.
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.6a: Draw a labelled diagram to show the structure of a sarcomere.
• 15N.2.HL.TZ0.8c: Explain the role of the nephron in maintaining the water balance of the blood in the human body.
• 15N.3.SL.TZ0.5a: Draw a labelled diagram showing the arrangement of proteins in a sarcomere.
• 15N.3.HL.TZ0.14b: State the condition of the blood that would stimulate the release of ADH (vasopressin).
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.5c: Some prokaryotes cause infectious disease in humans. Explain the principles of vaccination.
• 13M.2.HL.TZ2.8c: In the placenta, many substances are transported across membranes. Explain the structure and role...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ1.36: Which ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum when a skeletal muscle fibre...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ1.37: What is the role of ATP during contraction of a skeletal muscle fibre? A. To uncover the myosin...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ1.38: In a healthy kidney which of these substances would you expect to find in the tubular fluid...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ1.39: In a mammal that had just ingested a large volume of water, what would be secreted into the...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ1.40: What is the role of HCG (human chorionic gonadotrophin) in early pregnancy? A. It stimulates the...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ2.22: Where are structures I, II and III found in the human body?  
• 13M.1.HL.TZ2.27: The images below show muscle tissue. Which image shows contracted muscle tissue? A. I because...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ2.38: Which of the following events form the basis of immunity upon which the principle of vaccination...
• 13M.1.HL.TZ2.39: In which part of the nephron is salt secreted from the tubule to increase osmotic potential?  
• 13M.1.HL.TZ2.40: Where is human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) produced? A. OvaryB. Anterior pituitaryC. EmbryoD....
• 13N.1.HL.TZ0.36: How are B-cells activated?A. An antibody binds to a B-cell which is activated by a helper...
• 13N.1.HL.TZ0.37: The following is a diagram of the elbow joint. What structures are indicated by the letters X,...
• 13N.1.HL.TZ0.39: What is the correct order of events in fertilization?A. fusion of gametes, acrosome reaction and...
• 13N.1.HL.TZ0.40: What is secreted after implantation of the blastocyst in the uterine wall?A. Estrogen which...
• 13N.2.HL.TZ0.5c: Explain the roles of the structures in the kidney that maintain the water balance of the blood in...
• 13N.2.HL.TZ0.6c: Some prokaryotes cause infectious diseases which stimulate the body’s immune system. Outline the...
• 13M.3.SL.TZ1.5b (i): State the role of ligaments in human movement.
• 13M.3.SL.TZ1.6a: Draw a labelled diagram to show the structure of a sarcomere.
• 13M.3.SL.TZ1.6b: Explain the roles of actin and myosin in muscle contraction.
• 13M.3.SL.TZ2.5a: Analyse the electron micrograph for the state of contraction of the muscle fibre.
• 13M.3.SL.TZ2.6a: List two structural features of a joint that reduce friction between bones. 1. ...
• 13N.3.HL.TZ0.15: Explain ADH secretion and how it is controlled.
• 13N.3.SL.TZ0.1a.i: State the ethnic group with the lowest frequency of kidney failure.
• 13N.3.SL.TZ0.1a.ii: State the frequency of both kidney failure and greater than normal albumin levels in patients of...
• 13N.3.SL.TZ0.1b: Compare the levels of albumin in urine of patients with kidney failure in the different ethnic...
• 13N.3.SL.TZ0.1c: The usual method of screening for chronic kidney disease is to test for kidney failure. Using the...
• 13N.3.SL.TZ0.5a: Label the following diagram of the side view of the human elbow joint.
• 13N.3.SL.TZ0.5b: State the function of structures I and II.   I:   II:
• 11M.1.HL.TZ1.35: Which of the following statements is incorrect? A. Active immunity is the stimulation of the...
• 11M.1.HL.TZ1.36: Which is the sequence of events in muscle contraction? I. Use of ATP II. Formation of cross...
• 11M.1.HL.TZ1.37: The diagram below shows a longitudinal section through a kidney. What is the structure labelled Z...
• 11M.1.HL.TZ1.38: During urine production, what happens if the water content of the blood is too low? A. Membrane...
• 11M.1.HL.TZ1.40: Which of these statements about the human placenta is incorrect? A. The placenta is the site of...
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.3b: Explain the process of ultrafiltration.
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.3c: The diagram below shows part of the human kidney. The arrow shows the direction of blood...
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.8b: Outline the role of hormones in the process of birth in humans
• 11M.2.HL.TZ2.8c: Explain the principles of vaccination.
• 11M.3.HL.TZ1.15: Explain the control of ADH secretion.
• 11M.3.SL.TZ1.6a: Draw a labelled diagram of a sarcomere.
• 12M.2.HL.TZ1.4b (i): Identify the cell labelled X.
• 12M.2.HL.TZ1.4b (ii): Outline the function of this cell.
• 12M.2.HL.TZ1.8c: Explain the processes occurring in the kidney that contribute to osmoregulation.
• 12M.2.HL.TZ2.5c: Actin and myosin are two proteins found in muscles. Explain how skeletal muscle contracts,...
• 12M.2.HL.TZ2.7b: Compare the processes of spermatogenesis and oogenesis.
• 12M.2.HL.TZ2.8b: Describe the role of ADH in osmoregulation.
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.36: Which types of immunity are acquired by each of the following actions?
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.37: What is the function of the synovial fluid in the elbow joint? A. It removes waste products from...
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.38: What would result from drinking large quantities of water?
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.39: What is the role of calcium ions during muscle contraction? A. To block the myosin binding site...
• 12M.1.HL.TZ1.40: What is a blastocyst? A. An unfertilized egg surrounded by follicle cells B. An unfertilized egg...
• 12M.1.HL.TZ2.35: What is clonal selection? A. Production of memory B cells B. Production of a group of identical...
• 12M.1.HL.TZ2.36: What is the role of ligaments in humans? A. To hold bones together B. To hold muscles together...
• 12M.1.HL.TZ2.37: The diagram shows the nephron in a kidney. Which labelled part is permeable to sodium and not to...
• 12M.1.HL.TZ2.39: The micrograph shows the structure of a testis undergoing spermatogenesis. What is the...
• 12M.1.HL.TZ2.40: Which is the correct sequence of stages in fertilization?
• 12M.3.SL.TZ1.6a: Draw a labelled diagram to show the structure of a sarcomere.
• 12M.3.SL.TZ1.6b: Describe how skeletal muscle contracts.
• 12M.3.SL.TZ2.5a: The following is a diagram of a sarcomere. Label parts I, II, III and IV I.      ...
• 09M.2.HL.TZ1.5b: Outline the processes involved in oogenesis within the human ovary.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ1.7b: Outline the principle of immunity.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ1.7c: Discuss the benefits and dangers of vaccination.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ2.1a: State when PAN was injected into the rats.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ2.1b: Outline the treatment given to the control group.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ2.1d: State the increase in protein in the urine of rats treated with PAN only between day 6 and day 9.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ2.1f: Evaluate whether the results support the hypothesis that a continuous dose of edaravone is better...
• 09M.2.HL.TZ2.1g: Analyse the results of this experiment.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ2.1h: Suggest why oxidation of membrane lipids may lead to increased protein loss in the urine.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ2.5c: Explain the function and structure of the placenta.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ2.7b: Describe the processes involved in blood clotting.
• 09M.2.HL.TZ2.7c: Discuss the benefits and risks associated with vaccination programmes.
• 09M.1.HL.TZ1.36: What is required to produce monoclonal antibodies? A. T-lymphocytes and oocytes B. T-lymphocytes...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ1.37: What does label X indicate? A. Sarcolemma B. Sarcomere C. Sarcoplasmic reticulum D....
• 09M.1.HL.TZ1.38: Which processes are required for the reabsorption of glucose in the kidney tubules? I. Simple...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ1.39: What is the role of testosterone in spermatogenesis? A. It stimulates interstitial cells. B. It...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ1.40: What is the role of HCG in early pregnancy? A. HCG stimulates FSH secretions. B. HCG stimulates...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ2.15: When a pathogen is ingested by a phagocyte, which event occurs first? A. T-cell activationB....
• 09M.1.HL.TZ2.24: In the following diagram of the kidney, which structure contains urine?
• 09M.1.HL.TZ2.26: Which structure is acted upon by ADH (vasopressin)? A. Proximal convoluted tubuleB. Bowman’s...
• 09M.1.HL.TZ2.32: Which of the following is a term for muscle cell? A. Muscle bundleB. Muscle fibreC. MyofibrilD....
• 10M.2.HL.TZ1.4c: Blood plasma, glomerular filtrate and urine have different concentrations of solutes, such as...
• 10M.2.HL.TZ2.6c: Explain why diabetes could be detected through the analysis of urine.
• 10M.2.HL.TZ2.7a: Draw a labelled diagram of a mature sperm.
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.36: What is indicated by the letters X, Y and Z?
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.37: The diagram below shows some stages in the production of monoclonal antibodies. What are stages...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.38: In the diagram of the nephron below, what structures are indicated by the letters Y and Z?
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.39: What are the roles of the following structures in the production of semen?
• 10M.1.HL.TZ1.40: What is the role of HCG in early pregnancy? A. It prevents the degeneration of the corpus...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ2.36: How can active immunity be acquired? A. By having the disease B. Injection of antibodies C....
• 10M.1.HL.TZ2.37: What are fused in the production of monoclonal antibodies? A. Tumour cells and T-cells B. Tumour...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ2.38: The diagram below shows the side view of the arm joint. Which letter is pointing to the...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ2.39: Which of the following best describes what happens in the glomerulus? A. Selective reabsorption...
• 10M.1.HL.TZ2.40: Which pair of statements best describes oogenesis and spermatogenesis?
• 10M.3.SL.TZ1.6a (i): On the diagram, label a pair of antagonistic muscles.
• 10M.3.SL.TZ1.6a (ii): State the function of the structure labelled A.
• 10M.3.SL.TZ1.6b: Explain the role of ATP in the contraction of skeletal muscle.
• 09N.1.HL.TZ0.37: Which cells activate helper T-cells by antigen presentation?A. B-cellsB. BacteriaC. MacrophagesD....
• 09N.1.HL.TZ0.38: What happens during muscle contraction?A. The number of light bands is reduced.B. The width of...
• 09N.1.HL.TZ0.39: The Bowman’s capsule is a cup-shaped structure that is part of the nephron. What is the source of...
• 09N.1.HL.TZ0.40: The diagram below shows a human egg. What are the structures labelled I, II and III?  
• 11N.2.HL.TZ0.5 c: Explain how the kidney helps to retain useful substances in the blood and eliminate substances...
• 11N.2.HL.TZ0.6 a: Describe the production of semen.
• 11N.2.HL.TZ0.6 b: Explain the structure and function of the placenta.
• 11N.3.HL.TZ0.15: Describe the control of ADH secretion.
• 11N.1.HL.TZ0.32: What occurs in the body after the injection of a vaccine containing antigens? A. Activated...
• 11N.1.HL.TZ0.33: What happens immediately after the penetration of the egg membrane by a sperm during...
• 11N.1.HL.TZ0.34: Which hormone increases in concentration in the mother’s blood during early pregnancy? A. ADH B....
• 11N.1.HL.TZ0.35: What is the role of ligaments in humans? A. Linking bones together at a joint B. Preventing...
• 11N.1.HL.TZ0.36: What is produced in the body during HIV infection? A. Anti-HIV antibiotics B. Anti-HIV...
• 12N.2.HL.TZ0.2a: Label I, II, III and IV on the diagram of the human elbow.
• 12N.2.HL.TZ0.2b: Outline the functions of I and III. I. ...
• 12N.2.HL.TZ0.4a (i): Label I and II.    
• 12N.2.HL.TZ0.4a (ii): Outline the function of III.    
• 12N.2.HL.TZ0.4b: Estimate the content of glomerular filtrate and urine of a healthy person by completing the...
• 12N.2.HL.TZ0.4c: Explain the role of the medulla and the collecting duct of the kidney in the maintenance of the...
• 12N.2.HL.TZ0.8a: Describe the process of fertilization in humans.
• 12N.2.HL.TZ0.8b: Explain how the structure and function of the placenta helps to maintain pregnancy.
• 12N.2.HL.TZ0.8c: Outline the hormonal control of the process of birth.
• 12N.1.HL.TZ0.37: What first happens to a B lymphocyte when it becomes activated? A. It divides by mitosis...
• 12N.1.HL.TZ0.38: During muscle contraction, what is the role of calcium ions ( Ca2+) which are released from the...
• 12N.1.HL.TZ0.39: What is the function of the knee joint? A. It permits movement in one plane.B. It allows bones...
• 12N.1.HL.TZ0.40: What is a difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis?
• 12N.3.SL.TZ0.5b: Draw a labelled diagram to show the structure of a sarcomere in striated muscle.
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.3b: State one use of monoclonal antibodies in diagnosis.
• 10N.2.HL.TZ0.5a: Draw a labelled diagram of a mature sperm cell.
• 10N.3.SL.TZ0.5a: Label the parts of the following micrograph of the striated muscle. I...
• 09N.2.HL.TZ0.2b: Outline how monoclonal antibodies are produced.
• 09N.2.HL.TZ0.5a: Draw a labelled diagram to show the structure of a sarcomere.
• 09N.2.HL.TZ0.5b: Outline how skeletal muscle contracts.
• 09N.2.HL.TZ0.6b: Outline the process of spermatogenesis in humans.
• 09N.2.HL.TZ0.6c: Explain the structure and function of the placenta during pregnancy.
• 09N.2.HL.TZ0.7c: Explain the role of the kidney in maintaining water balance in humans.
• 09N.3.SL.TZ0.5a: Draw a labelled diagram to show the structure of a skeletal muscle sarcomere.
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.38: Which process is part of the mechanism that controls muscle contraction? A. Troponin enables...
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.39: Which sequence of events leads to the production of antibodies?      
• 16M.1.HL.TZ0.40: The image shows a section of a seminiferous tubule. What is shown by the letter X? A. Meiosis...
• 16M.2.HL.TZ0.6c: Explain how the structure of the nephron and its associated blood vessels enable the kidney to...
• 16N.1.HL.TZ0.37: What is directly responsible for allergic symptoms, including a runny nose or itchy eyes? A....
• 16N.1.HL.TZ0.38: What is required for a skeletal muscle to exert force? A. Extensor and flexor musclesB. Synovial...
• 16N.1.HL.TZ0.39: Which kidney adaptation would be expected in the desert kangaroo rat (Dipodomys deserti)? A....
• 16N.1.HL.TZ0.40: Where does the acrosome reaction occur?    
• 16N.2.HL.TZ0.6c: Distinguish between the composition of the blood of the renal artery and the blood of the renal...
• 17M.1.SL.TZ1.1: Which structure found in eukaryotes has a single membrane? A. Nucleus B. Lysosome C....
• 17M.1.HL.TZ1.37: A secondary immune response occurs when an antigen is encountered on a second occasion, due to...
• 17M.1.HL.TZ1.38: Which hormone is inhibited during pregnancy in order to prevent contractions of the uterus? A....
• 17M.1.HL.TZ1.39: The table shows solute concentrations in normal blood plasma and the fluid in one section of the...
• 17M.1.HL.TZ1.40: The diagram shows the exchange processes that take place in the placenta between the maternal and...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.1a: Deduce whether the excretion of ammonia or urea changes more when a turtle emerges from water.
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.1b: Compare and contrast the changes in urea excretion in the mouth with the changes in urea...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.1c.i: Describe the trends shown by the graph for dissolved oxygen in water discharged from the mouth.
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.1c.ii: Suggest reasons for these trends in dissolved oxygen.
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.1d: Deduce with a reason whether a urea transporter is present in the mouth of P. sinensis.
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.1f.i: Identify which of these turtle groups represent the control, giving a reason for your answer.
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.1f.ii: Suggest a reason for the greater expression of the gene for the urea transporter after an...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.1g: The salt marshes where these turtles live periodically dry up to small pools. Discuss the...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ1.6c: Coughing to clear the airways is accomplished by muscle contractions. Explain muscle contraction.
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.37: What is the role of calcium in muscle contraction? A. To release tropomyosin from myosin B. To...
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.38: The graph shows the daily amount of the residue of a drug in the wastewater of a...
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.39: What does the blastocyst secrete? A. HCG B. Estrogen C. ADH D. Progesterone
• 17M.1.HL.TZ2.40: What helps to prevent polyspermy? A. The unequal division of oocytes B. The placental...
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.6c: Explain the production of antibodies.
• 17M.2.HL.TZ2.7b: Describe the different cell types in the seminiferous tubules that are involved in the process of...
• 17N.2.HL.TZ0.02d.i: Describe the production of hybridoma cells.
• 17N.2.HL.TZ0.02d.ii: State one possible use of hybridoma cells.
• 17N.2.HL.TZ0.03c: Describe the role of ADH in human osmoregulation.
• 17N.2.HL.TZ0.06b: Cell biologists play an important role in research into disease, fertility, evolution and...
• 17N.2.HL.TZ0.07c: Nitrogen is part of many important substances in living organisms. Explain how insects excrete...
• 17N.3.HL.TZ0.02a: Concerns have been raised about the effect of rising pollution levels on sperm production in men....
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.37: What forms the basis of immunity after vaccination?
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.38: Which processes require calcium? I. Muscle contractionII. Movement of an action potential along...
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.39: What structure is indicated by the arrows? [Source: Courtesy Roger Craig, University of...
• 17N.1.HL.TZ0.40: The diagram shows the female reproductive system. [Source: © International Baccalaureate...