Label I, II, III and IV on the diagram of the human elbow.

Outline the functions of I and III.

I.  ..................................................................
III.  ..................................................................

Award [1] for two correct labels.
I. biceps;
II. humerus;
III. cartilage;
IV. synovial fluid/synovial cavity;

I. (contracts to) move/raise forearm/lower arm/radius / flex/bend arm at elbow;
II. reduces friction / prevents bone rubbing on bone / absorbs shock;

Do not accept answers that do not specify the movement caused by I, or state that I lifts the arm.
Do not allow ECF answers.

Part (a) involved labelling a diagram of the elbow joint. Most candidates were able to do this successfully, but some confused synovial fluid and cartilage. The specific names of the bone and muscle were expected, which not all gave.

In part (b) the functions of the biceps and cartilage were needed. Only about half of the candidates got both of these adequately. In many cases the function of the biceps given was rather vague. Lifting the arm was not accepted; bending the arm was, though flexing the arm at the elbow was preferred. Some candidates were unaware that muscles only do work when they contract.