• Syllabus

3: Exploration, trade and interaction in East Asia and South-East Asia (1405–1700)

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Sub sections and their related questions

China “looking out”: Chinese shipbuilding programme; “treasure ships”; construction of an imperial fleet; the voyages of Zheng He (Cheng Ho); increased overseas trade

• 19M.3op3.HL.TZ0.5: To what extent was the “looking out” policy of China based on economic motives?
• 19N.3op3.HL.TZ0.5: “The voyages of Zheng He were the most important reason for China’s increased overseas trade.”...
• 21M.3op3.HL.TZ0.5: Evaluate the political and economic importance to China of the “treasure ships” and the voyages...

Japan “looking out”: trade links established with Portugal (1543); arrival of traders from other European countries; missionaries

• 18M.3op3.HL.TZ0.5: With reference to the period up to 1700, discuss the reasons why Japan decided to establish trade...
• 19N.3op3.HL.TZ0.6: Evaluate the impact of missionaries on Japanese society and trade.
• 22M.3op3.HL.TZ0.5:

  Evaluate the impact on Japan of contact with Europeans.

The significance and impact of the beginnings of Indo-European trade: Vasco da Gama (1498); the capture of Malacca (1511); Magellan’s journey (1519)

• 19M.3op3.HL.TZ0.6:

  Discuss the impact of the voyages of Vasco da Gama (1498) and Magellan (1519) on South-East Asia.

Reasons for, and impact of, the expeditions, and nature of the settlements, of the Spanish, Portuguese, French, Dutch and British; impact of European settlements on the indigenous people; social, religious and cultural exchange; demographic and territorial changes

• 17M.3op3.HL.TZ0.5: “European expeditions to East Asia and South-East Asia were motivated by a desire for wealth.”...
• 18N.3op3.HL.TZ0.5: Evaluate the impact of European settlements on the indigenous peoples of the region.
• 20N.3op3.HL.TZ0.5: “The impact of European settlements on the indigenous people was entirely negative.” Discuss.
• 21M.3op3.HL.TZ0.6: Compare and contrast the impact of the Spanish and Dutch settlements in East Asia and South-East...
• 21N.3op3.HL.TZ0.5: Evaluate the impact of European exploration and early settlements on the region.
• 22M.3op3.HL.TZ0.6:

  Compare and contrast the reasons for expeditions to South-East Asia by two European countries.

China “turning in”: increased Chinese isolationism; isolationist policies; restrictions on ships, including destruction of ocean-going ships (1525)

• 17N.3op3.HL.TZ0.05: Discuss the reasons for China “turning in” and adopting a policy of isolationism.
• 18M.3op3.HL.TZ0.6: “Chinese isolationism in the 16th century damaged its economic and political development.” Discuss.
• 21N.3op3.HL.TZ0.6: “The adoption of isolationist policies had a negative impact on China.” Discuss.

Japan “turning in”: Japanese isolationism in the 17th century; sakoku (closed country policy) restrictions on foreigners entering Japan and Japanese leaving Japan; strict regulations on trade and commerce; creation of four “gateways”

• 17M.3op3.HL.TZ0.6:

  Discuss the reasons for Japanese isolationism in the 17th century.

• 18N.3op3.HL.TZ0.6: Discuss the motives for, and impact of, Japan “turning in”.
• 20N.3op3.HL.TZ0.6: Evaluate the social and economic impact of Japan “turning in”.

Social, political and economic impact of isolation on China and Japan

• 17N.3op3.HL.TZ0.06: Evaluate the impact of isolation on Japan during the 17th century.