Discuss the reasons for Japanese isolationism in the 17th century.

Candidates will offer a considered and balanced review of the reasons for Japanese isolationism in the 17th century that includes a range of arguments and factors. Candidates may suggest the reasons for sakoku (closed country policy) were the Tokugawa Shogunate’s fear of foreign conquest and the perception that missionaries and traders facilitated this. Additionally or alternatively, candidates may consider other significant factors such as the conversion of dissent daimyo to Christianity and the Shogunate’s fear of rebellion, its desire to control trade and the need to exclude all foreign influences to maintain cultural cohesion and internal peace. While no set response is expected, candidates must incorporate a review of the reasons for isolationism whilst clearly presenting their argument.