DP Chemistry Questionbank

• Syllabus

Topic 7: Equilibrium

Sub sections and their related questions

7.1 Equilibrium

• 15M.2.hl.TZ1.3c.i: The Contact process involves this homogeneous...
• 15M.2.hl.TZ1.3c.iii: The Contact process involves this homogeneous...
• 15M.2.hl.TZ1.3d: Outline the economic importance of using a catalyst in the Contact process.
• 15M.2.hl.TZ2.7a.i: Outline two characteristics of a reversible reaction in a state of dynamic equilibrium.
• 15M.2.hl.TZ2.7a.ii: Predict, with a reason, how each of the following changes affects the position of...
• 15M.2.hl.TZ2.7c: Typical conditions used in the Haber process are 500 °C and 200 atm, resulting in approximately...
• 15M.2.hl.TZ2.7d.i: Deduce the equilibrium constant expression, \({K_{\text{c}}}\), for the reaction on page 10.
• 15M.1.sl.TZ1.19: Which change will favour the reverse reaction in the...
• 15M.1.sl.TZ1.20: Carbon monoxide and water react together in the industrial production of hydrogen...
• 15M.1.sl.TZ2.19: What is the equilibrium constant expression, \({K_{\text{c}}}\), for the formation of hydrogen...
• 15M.1.sl.TZ2.20: Which combination of temperature and pressure will give the greatest yield of sulfur...
• 15M.2.sl.TZ1.7d.i: Describe two characteristics of a reaction at equilibrium.
• 15M.2.sl.TZ1.7d.iii: State and explain the effect of a catalyst on the position of equilibrium.
• 15M.2.sl.TZ2.5a: Outline two characteristics of a reversible reaction in a state of dynamic equilibrium.
• 15M.2.sl.TZ2.5b: Deduce the equilibrium constant expression, \({K_{\text{c}}}\), for the reaction.
• 15M.2.sl.TZ2.5c: Predict, with a reason, how each of the following changes affects the position of...
• 15M.2.sl.TZ2.5e: Typical conditions used in the Haber process are 500 °C and 200 atm, resulting in approximately...
• 14M.1.hl.TZ2.8: Which statements explain why a catalyst is used in the Contact process (shown...
• 14M.2.hl.TZ1.7a: (i)     Deduce the equilibrium constant expression for this reaction.     (ii)     Explain the...
• 14M.2.hl.TZ2.1c.iv: Deduce the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction.
• 14M.2.hl.TZ2.1d: Outline how you could establish that the system had reached equilibrium at the end of one week.
• 14M.2.hl.TZ2.1f: Outline how adding some ethyl ethanoate to the initial mixture would affect the amount of...
• 14M.2.hl.TZ2.5b.i: Chloric(I) acid is a weak acid, but hydrochloric acid is a strong acid. Outline how this is...
• 14M.2.hl.TZ2.5b.ii: State a balanced equation for the reaction of chloric(I) acid with water.
• 14M.2.hl.TZ2.5b.iii: Outline, in terms of the equilibrium in aqueous chlorine, why it is dangerous to use an acidic...
• 14M.2.hl.TZ2.5b.iv: Suggest why a covalent molecule, such as chloric(I) acid, is readily soluble in water.
• 14M.2.hl.TZ2.8e: Magnesium hydroxide, \({\text{Mg(OH}}{{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}}\), is only sparingly soluble in...
• 14M.1.sl.TZ1.19: Which statement is correct for a reversible reaction when \({K_{\text{c}}} \gg 1\)? A.     The...
• 14M.1.sl.TZ1.20: Consider this reaction at equilibrium.     ...
• 14M.1.sl.TZ2.19: What is the equilibrium constant expression, \({K_{\text{c}}}\), for this...
• 14M.1.sl.TZ2.20: Which is always correct for a reaction at equilibrium?
• 14M.2.sl.TZ1.3b: Explain the effect on the position of the equilibrium and on the value of \({K_{\text{c}}}\)...
• 14M.2.sl.TZ2.1f: Deduce the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction.
• 14M.2.sl.TZ2.1g: Outline how you could establish that the system had reached equilibrium at the end of one week.
• 14M.2.sl.TZ2.1i: Outline how adding some ethyl ethanoate to the initial mixture would affect the amount of...
• 14M.2.sl.TZ2.4c.i: Chloric(I) acid is a weak acid, but hydrochloric acid is a strong acid. Outline how this is...
• 14M.2.sl.TZ2.4c.ii: State a balanced equation for the reaction of chloric(I) acid with water.
• 14M.2.sl.TZ2.4c.iii: Outline, in terms of the equilibrium above, why it is dangerous to use an acidic toilet cleaner...
• 14M.2.sl.TZ2.4c.iv: Suggest why a covalent molecule, such as chloric(I) acid, is readily soluble in water.
• 14N.2.hl.TZ0.3c: (i)     A sample of liquid bromine was left in a closed conical (Erlenmeyer) flask at 298 K and...
• 14N.1.sl.TZ0.19: Which equilibrium reaction shifts to the product side when the temperature is increased at...
• 14N.1.sl.TZ0.20: Which statement correctly describes the effect of a catalyst on the equilibrium...
• 14N.2.sl.TZ0.5a: Deduce the extent of the reaction at 200 °C and 1 atm.
• 14N.2.sl.TZ0.5b: The Contact process operates at a temperature of 450 °C and a pressure of 2 atm as optimum...
• 14N.2.sl.TZ0.5c: An engineer at a Contact process plant hypothesized that using pure oxygen, instead of air, would...
• 13N.1.hl.TZ0.23: Which of the following will shift the position of equilibrium to the right in the Haber...
• 13N.2.hl.TZ0.6b.ii: Considering the above equilibrium, predict, giving a reason, how adding more acid would affect...
• 13N.1.sl.TZ0.19: What is the equilibrium constant expression, \({K_{\text{c}}}\), for the following...
• 13N.1.sl.TZ0.20: What happens to the position of equilibrium and the value of \({K_{\text{c}}}\) in the following...
• 13N.2.sl.TZ0.5a.ii: Considering the above equilibrium, predict, giving a reason, how adding more acid would affect...
• 13M.1.sl.TZ1.19: The value of the equilibrium constant, \({K_{\text{c}}}\), for a reaction is...
• 13M.1.sl.TZ1.20: Which changes occur when the temperature is decreased in the following...
• 13M.2.sl.TZ1.7c.i: Outline the characteristics of a chemical equilibrium.
• 13M.2.sl.TZ1.7c.ii: Deduce the equilibrium constant expression, \({K_{\text{c}}}\), for this reaction.
• 13M.2.sl.TZ1.7d.i: Increase in temperature.
• 13M.2.sl.TZ1.7d.ii: Increase in pressure.
• 13M.2.sl.TZ1.7d.iii: Addition of a catalyst.
• 13M.2.hl.TZ2.4a.i: Deduce the equilibrium constant expression, \({K_{\text{c}}}\), for the formation of HI(g).
• 13M.1.sl.TZ2.19: Which statement is correct when the system is at equilibrium at 350 °C? A.     The...
• 13M.1.sl.TZ2.20: Which statement describes and explains the conditions that favour the formation of hydrogen...
• 12N.1.sl.TZ0.19: Consider the following reaction: \({\text{2A}} \rightleftharpoons {\text{C}}\)    ...
• 12N.1.sl.TZ0.20: Iron(III) ions, \({\text{F}}{{\text{e}}^{3 + }}\), react with thiocyanate ions,...
• 12N.2.sl.TZ0.3a: A glass container is half-filled with liquid bromine and then sealed. The system eventually...
• 12N.2.sl.TZ0.3b: (i)     Deduce the equilibrium constant expression, \({K_{\text{c}}}\). (ii)     Predict how...
• 10N.1.hl.TZ0.22: What is the effect of an increase of temperature on the yield and the equilibrium constant for...
• 10N.2.hl.TZ0.6a: (i)     Use the graph to deduce whether the forward reaction is exothermic or endothermic and...
• 10N.1.sl.TZ0.19: What is the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction...
• 10N.1.sl.TZ0.20: The formation of nitric acid, \({\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{(aq)}}\), from nitrogen...
• 10N.2.sl.TZ0.6a: (i)     Use the graph to deduce whether the forward reaction is exothermic or endothermic and...
• 09N.2.hl.TZ0.6a.iii: 1.0 mol of \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_2}\) and 1.0 mol of NO are mixed in a closed container at constant...
• 09N.2.hl.TZ0.6e.i: Deduce the equilibrium constant expression, \({K_{\text{c}}}\), for the reaction.
• 09N.2.hl.TZ0.6e.iii: If the temperature of the reaction is changed to 300 °C, predict, stating a reason in each case,...
• 09N.2.hl.TZ0.6e.iv: If the volume of the container is changed to \({\text{1.50 d}}{{\text{m}}^{\text{3}}}\), predict,...
• 09N.2.hl.TZ0.6e.v: Suggest, stating a reason, how the addition of a catalyst at constant pressure and temperature...
• 09N.1.sl.TZ0.20: An increase in temperature increases the amount of chlorine present in the following...
• 09N.1.sl.TZ0.21: What will happen when at a constant temperature, more iodide ions, \({{\text{I}}^ - }\), are...
• 09N.2.sl.TZ0.5a.i: Deduce the equilibrium constant expression, \({K_{\text{c}}}\), for the reaction.
• 09N.2.sl.TZ0.5a.ii: If the temperature of the reaction is changed to 300 °C, predict, stating a reason in each case,...
• 09N.2.sl.TZ0.5a.iii: If the volume of the container is changed to \({\text{1.50 d}}{{\text{m}}^{\text{3}}}\), predict,...
• 09N.2.sl.TZ0.5a.iv: Suggest, stating a reason, how the addition of a catalyst at constant pressure and temperature...
• 10M.2.sl.TZ1.5d: (i)     A state of equilibrium can exist when a piece of copper metal is placed in a solution of...
• 10M.2.hl.TZ2.6f.iii: Outline the economic significance of the use of a catalyst in the Haber process which is an...
• 10M.2.hl.TZ2.7a: (i)     State the expression for the ionic product constant of water, \({K_{\text{w}}}\). (ii)  ...
• 10M.1.sl.TZ2.20: What is the equilibrium constant expression, \({K_{\text{c}}}\), for the following...
• 10M.1.sl.TZ2.21: Consider the endothermic reaction...
• 10M.2.sl.TZ2.6a: (i)     State the equilibrium constant expression for the dissociation of water. (ii)    ...
• 10M.2.sl.TZ2.6b: In carbonated drinks containing dissolved carbon dioxide under high pressure, the following...
• 09M.1.hl.TZ1.24: Consider the following reversible...
• 09M.1.sl.TZ1.21: Consider the following equilibrium...
• 09M.2.sl.TZ1.1c.i: State what is meant by the term dynamic equilibrium.
• 09M.2.sl.TZ1.1c.ii: Using the abbreviations [vegetable oil], [methanol], [glycerol] and [biodiesel] deduce the...
• 09M.2.sl.TZ1.1c.iii: Suggest a reason why excess methanol is used in this process.
• 09M.2.sl.TZ1.1c.iv: State and explain the effect that the addition of the sodium hydroxide catalyst will have on the...
• 09M.1.hl.TZ2.24: Which statement is correct for the equilibrium...
• 09M.2.hl.TZ2.6a.ii: State and explain the effect of increasing the pressure on the yield of sulfur trioxide.
• 09M.2.hl.TZ2.6a.iv: State the effects of a catalyst on the forward and reverse reactions, on the position of...
• 09M.1.sl.TZ2.19: What effect will an increase in temperature have on the \({K_{\text{c}}}\) value and the position...
• 09M.1.sl.TZ2.20: Which statement is always correct for a chemical reaction at equilibrium? A.     The rate of the...
• 09M.2.sl.TZ2.5a.i: Deduce the equilibrium constant expression, \({K_{\text{c}}}\), for the reaction.
• 09M.2.sl.TZ2.5a.ii: State and explain the effect of increasing the temperature on the yield of sulfur trioxide.
• 09M.2.sl.TZ2.5a.iii: State the effect of a catalyst on the value of \({K_{\text{c}}}\).
• 09M.2.sl.TZ2.5a.iv: State and explain the effect of a catalyst on the position of equilibrium.
• 11M.2.hl.TZ1.8b.i: Describe how an indicator works.
• 11M.2.hl.TZ1.8b.ii: Using Table 16 of the Data Booklet, identify the most appropriate indicator for the titration of...
• 11M.1.sl.TZ1.18: Consider the reaction between gaseous iodine and gaseous...
• 11M.1.sl.TZ1.19: The equilibrium between nitrogen dioxide, \({\text{N}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}\), and dinitrogen...
• 11M.1.sl.TZ1.20: Which statement about chemical equilibria implies they are dynamic? A.     The position of...
• 11M.2.sl.TZ1.3a: State the equilibrium constant expression, \({K_{\text{c}}}\), for the production of methanol.
• 11M.2.sl.TZ1.3b.i: increasing the temperature of the reaction at constant pressure.
• 11M.2.sl.TZ1.3b.ii: increasing the pressure of the reaction at constant temperature.
• 11M.2.sl.TZ1.3c: The conditions used in industry during the production of methanol are a temperature of 450 °C and...
• 11M.1.sl.TZ2.18: For the following reaction \({K_{\text{c}}} = 1.0 \times {10^{ - 5}}\) at 30...
• 11M.1.sl.TZ2.19: The reaction below represents the Haber process for the industrial production of...
• 11M.2.sl.TZ2.6a.i: Outline the characteristics of a homogeneous chemical system that is in a state of equilibrium.
• 11M.2.sl.TZ2.6a.ii: Deduce the expression for the equilibrium constant, \({K_{\text{c}}}\).
• 11M.2.sl.TZ2.6a.iii: Predict what would happen to the position of equilibrium and the value of \({K_{\text{c}}}\) if...
• 11M.2.sl.TZ2.6a.iv: The value of \({K_{\text{c}}}\) at 500 K is 160 and the value of \({K_{\text{c}}}\) at 700 K is...
• 11M.2.sl.TZ2.6a.v: The reaction can be catalysed by adding platinum metal. State and explain what effect the...
• 12M.1.sl.TZ2.19: What is the equilibrium constant expression, \({K_{\text{c}}}\), for the following...
• 12M.1.sl.TZ2.20: What happens to the position of equilibrium and the value of \({K_{\text{c}}}\) when the...
• 11N.1.sl.TZ0.19: Which are characteristics of a dynamic equilibrium? I.     Amounts of products and reactants are...
• 11N.1.sl.TZ0.20: The following are \({K_{\text{c}}}\) values for a reaction, with the same starting conditions...
• 11N.2.sl.TZ0.6a.i: Deduce the equilibrium constant expression, \({K_{\text{c}}}\), for the reaction.
• 11N.2.sl.TZ0.6a.ii: Predict the direction in which the equilibrium will shift when the following changes occur. The...
• 16M.1.sl.TZ0.18: What is the effect of...
• 16M.2.sl.TZ0.3a: (i) Deduce the equilibrium constant expression, Kc, for this reaction. (ii) State the effect of...
• 16M.2.hl.TZ0.2a: (i) Deduce the equilibrium constant expression, Kc, for this reaction. (ii) At exactly 600°C the...
• 16M.2.hl.TZ0.4a: (i) State why you would expect tin(II) chloride to have a similar lattice enthalpy to strontium...
• 16N.1.sl.TZ0.18: What happens when the temperature of the following equilibrium system is increased?  CO(g) +...
• 16N.2.sl.TZ0.1a: Ethane-1,2-diol can be formed according to the following reaction. 2CO (g) +...
• 16N.3.sl.TZ0.1b: CT values are influenced by temperature and by pH. The table below shows the CT values for...
• 17M.1.sl.TZ1.18: Consider the equilibrium between N2O4(g) and NO2(g). N2O4(g) \( \rightleftharpoons \) 2NO2(g)  ...
• 17M.2.sl.TZ1.4b: Ammonia reacts reversibly with water. NH3(g) + H2O(l) \( \rightleftharpoons \) NH4+(aq) +...
• 17M.2.sl.TZ1.4c: Hydrazine reacts with water in a similar way to ammonia. Deduce an equation for the reaction of...
• 17M.3.sl.TZ1.17c: Outline, giving the appropriate equation(s), how increasing levels of carbon dioxide will affect...
• 17M.3.sl.TZ1.20b: Explain the effect of a large amount of aspirin on the pH of blood.
• 17M.1.sl.TZ2.18: What is the equilibrium constant expression, Kc, for the following reaction? 2NH3(g) + 2O2(g)...
• 17M.1.hl.TZ2.22: Which variable affects the equilibrium constant, Kc? A.     Atmospheric pressure B.    ...
• 17M.2.sl.TZ2.3a.i: Deduce the equilibrium constant expression, Kc, for the decomposition of PCl5(g).
• 17M.2.sl.TZ2.3a.ii: Deduce, giving a reason, the factor responsible for establishing the new equilibrium after 14...
• 17M.3.sl.TZ2.1c.i: The equilibrium expression for O2 exchange between the atmosphere and ocean is O2(g)...
• 17M.3.sl.TZ2.2b.ii: Suggest one improvement to the investigation.
• 17M.3.sl.TZ2.14b.ii: Describe how large amounts of CO2 could reduce the pH of the ocean using an equation to support...
• 17N.1.sl.TZ0.18: What will happen if the pressure is increased in the following reaction mixture at...
• 17N.1.hl.TZ0.19: The enthalpy change for the dissolution of NH4NO3 is +26 kJ mol–1 at 25 °C. Which statement...
• 17N.2.sl.TZ0.5a: The following reaction was allowed to reach equilibrium at 761 K. H2 (g) + I2 (g)...
• 17N.2.hl.TZ0.6a.i: State the equilibrium constant expression, Kc , for this reaction.
• 18M.1.hl.TZ1.22: What is the effect of increasing the temperature in this reaction? CO2(g) + H2O(l)...
• 18M.2.hl.TZ1.1d.i: State the equilibrium constant expression, Kc.
• 18M.2.hl.TZ1.1d.ii: Predict, with a reason, the effect on the equilibrium constant, Kc, when the temperature is...
• 18M.1.hl.TZ2.23: What occurs when the pressure on the given equilibrium is increased at constant...
• 18M.2.hl.TZ2.6c.i: Nitrogen oxide is in equilibrium with dinitrogen dioxide. 2NO(g) \( \rightleftharpoons...
• 18M.1.sl.TZ1.18: The equilibrium constant for N2(g) + 3H2(g) \( \rightleftharpoons \) 2NH3(g) is K. What is the...
• 18M.2.sl.TZ1.1d: Urea can also be made by the direct combination of ammonia and carbon dioxide gases.            ...
• 18M.1.sl.TZ2.18: Which factor does not affect the position of equilibrium in this reaction? 2NO2(g)...
• 18M.2.sl.TZ2.5a: Distinguish between the terms reaction quotient, Q, and equilibrium constant, Kc.
• 18M.2.sl.TZ2.5b: The equilibrium constant, Kc, is 0.282 at temperature T. Deduce, showing your work, the...