| Date | May 2017 | Marks available | 1 | Reference code | 17M.1.SL.TZ0.5 |
| Level | Standard Level | Paper | Paper 1 | Time zone | Time zone 0 |
| Command term | Calculate | Question number | 5 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
The resource booklet provides information on Brazil. Use the resource booklet and your own studies to answer the following.
Figure 5(a): Fact file on population
- Brazil’s population is approximately 204 million (July 2015).
- Approximately 86 % of the population live in urban areas.
- 240 indigenous tribes make up 0.4 % of the population.
- Over 70 % of the total country population live in the Atlantic Rainforest region.
- São Paulo is the largest city with a population of about 21 million, followed by Rio de Janeiro with a population of about 13 million.
- Brasilia, the capital city, is located in the Cerrado region and has a population of about 4 million.
- Birth rate: 14.46 births/1000 population (2015 estimate).
- Death rate: 6.58 death/1000 population (2015 estimate).
- Median age of population: 31.1 years.
[Sources: www.wwf.org.uk and www.survivalinternational.org]
Using data from Figure 5(a) in the resource booklet, calculate the natural increase rate for Brazil in 2015.
Identify one reason why the natural increase rate, calculated in part (a), is different from the actual growth rate of the population, which was 0.63% in 2015.
Markscheme
(natural increase = ) = 0.788%/ 0.79% / 0.8%;
7.88 per thousand.
Correct units (% or per thousand) are required to be credited the mark.
[1 max]
migration/emigration
[1]
Examiners report
Many candidates struggled to calculate the natural increase rate (NIR) correctly. Some candidates failed to apply the correct units. There were a significant number of candidates that did not attempt either of the calculation questions in this paper.
Many candidates were unable to identify migration as a factor that affected NIR. Many responses incorrectly suggested that the NIR did not take into account the crude birth rate, death rate or indigenous tribes. Some candidates did not appear to make the connection that the question was asking why the actual NIR was lower than the calculated rate in Q5a.
