• Syllabus

6: Pre-colonial African states (1800–1900)

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Sub sections and their related questions

Rise of the Zulu under Shaka; the Mfecane/Difaqane—social, political and economic causes and effects; rise of the Sotho under Moshoeshoe

• 17M.3op1.HL.TZ0.11: Discuss the factors that contributed to the rise of the Zulu Kindgom.
• 18N.3op1.HL.TZ0.11: Evaluate the effects of the Mfecane/Difaqane.
• 19M.3op1.HL.TZ0.11: “Social factors were the most significant cause of the rise of the Zulu kingdom.” Discuss.
• 20N.3op1.HL.TZ0.11:

  Discuss the social, economic and political causes of the Mfecane/Difaqane.

• 21N.3op1.HL.TZ0.11: Evaluate the importance of social and political organization to the rise of the Sotho.
• 22M.3op1.HL.TZ0.11: Compare and contrast the rise of the Zulu under Shaka and the Sotho under Moshoeshoe.

Rise of the Sokoto Caliphate under Usman Dan Fodio, and its effects

• 17N.3op1.HL.TZ0.11: “The social effects of the rise of the Sokoto Caliphate were more significant than the political...
• 18M.3op1.HL.TZ0.11: Discuss the reasons for the rise of the Sokoto Caliphate.
• 21N.3op1.HL.TZ0.12: “The main effect of the rise of the Sokoto Caliphate was economic change.” To what extent do you...

Rise of the Niger Delta trading states: Nana and Jaja

• 19M.3op1.HL.TZ0.12: Examine the role of Nana and Jaja in the rise of the Niger Delta trading states.
• 19N.3op1.HL.TZ0.11: “Nana was more successful than Jaja in his response to the intrusions of outsiders.” Discuss.
• 21M.3op1.HL.TZ0.11: “Trade played the most important role in the rise of the Niger Delta trading states.” To what...

Ethiopian unification and expansion under Tewodros II, Yohannes IV, Menelik II

• 18N.3op1.HL.TZ0.12: Examine the roles of Yohannes IV and Menelik II in the unification and expansion of Ethiopia.
• 19N.3op1.HL.TZ0.12: Evaluate the role of economic factors in the unification and expansion of the Ethiopian state...
• 22M.3op1.HL.TZ0.12: Evaluate the contributions of both Tewodros II and Yohannes IV to the unification of Ethiopia.

Rise of the Mahdist state in Sudan

• 17M.3op1.HL.TZ0.12: Discuss the reasons for the rise of the Mahdist state in Sudan.
• 17N.3op1.HL.TZ0.12: “The role of religion in the rise of the Mahdist state in Sudan has been greatly exaggerated.”...

Case studies of the rise of two of the following: the Mandinka Empire under Samori Toure; the Lozi kingdom under Lewanika; the Ndebele kingdom under Mziklikazi and Lobengula; the Asante empire under Osei Tutu; the Unyamwezi under Mirambo; the Hehe state under Mkwawa

• 18M.3op1.HL.TZ0.12: Evaluate the role of political organization in the rise of two of the following: the Mandinka...
• 20N.3op1.HL.TZ0.12: Discuss the main reasons for the rise of two of the following: the Mandinka Empire under Samori...
• 21M.3op1.HL.TZ0.12: Examine the importance of leadership to the rise of two of the following: the Mandinka empire...