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Date May 2010 Marks available 2 Reference code 10M.3.SL.TZ2.1
Level Standard level Paper Paper 3 Time zone Time zone 2
Command term Describe Question number 1 Adapted from N/A

Question

Body mass index (BMI) is an important indicator of health. The relationship between a high BMI and percentage risk of developing type II diabetes was studied and the following data presented.

Describe the effect of increased BMI on the risk of developing type II diabetes.

[2]
a.

Identify the risk of developing type II diabetes in men with a BMI of 33 kg m–2.

[1]
b.

Determine, by indicating on the graph, the range of age-adjusted relative risk for women who are overweight but not obese.

[1]
c.

Explain the dietary advice that should be given to a patient who has developed type II diabetes.

[4]
d.

Markscheme

higher BMI increases risk of type II diabetes / risk increases as the BMI increases;
greater risk for women than for men / men have a lower risk than women;
values above 25 kg m-2 increase the risk of diabetes exponentially / BMI below 25 kg m-2 shows minimal risk;

a.

21 % (allow answers in the range of 20 % to 22 %)

b.

indicated by marks on the graph on the vertical axis or on the line of the woman 8 % to 33 % (allow 1 % error at either end)
Information must be indicated on the graph.

c.

moderate portions of food to avoid fluctuations in blood sugar levels;
regular mealtimes to avoid fluctuations in blood sugar levels;
include unrefined carbohydrates because they are more slowly absorbed; (accept reverse for refined)
include carbohydrates with a low glycemic index; (accept reverse for high)
include fibre-rich foods to slow absorption of sugar;
limit saturated/trans fats/cholesterol because diabetes increases risk of coronary heart disease;

d.

Examiners report

The X axis on this graph did not show linearity, which could have confused candidates.

a.

The X axis on this graph did not show linearity, which could have confused candidates.

b.

The X axis on this graph did not show linearity, which could have confused candidates.

Indicating on the graph was difficult for many.

c.

A large number lost all marks because they did not explain the reasons for the advice and only listed some.

d.

Syllabus sections

Option D: Human physiology » Option D: Human physiology (Core topics) » D.1 Human nutrition
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