| Date | November 2016 | Marks available | 1 | Reference code | 16N.3.SL.TZ0.16 |
| Level | Standard level | Paper | Paper 3 | Time zone | TZ0 |
| Command term | Identify | Question number | 16 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
A study undertaken in West Virginia, USA, shows the relationship between body mass and the probability of having hypertension or type II diabetes. The test subjects in the study were classified as normal, overweight or obese according to their body mass index (BMI).
Identify the increased probability of an obese person having hypertension relative to someone who has normal weight.
[1]
a.
Explain how the administration of a drug that stimulates the leptin receptors in the hypothalamus could help treat obesity.
[3]
b.
Markscheme
24%
a.
a. appetite control (centre) is located in the hypothalamus
b. leptin is a hormone made by fat/adipose cells
c. to inhibit appetite/feeling of hunger
OR
promotes feeling of satiety/fullness
d. the drug mimics the action of leptin
e. (reduced hunger) leads to less food intake/weight loss
b.
Examiners report
[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
Syllabus sections
Show 103 related questions
- 17N.3.SL.TZ0.19: Explain the possible health risks of being overweight.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.18: Describe a method that could be used to measure the energy content of a sample of food.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ1.21b.ii: Explain how the increase in CO2 concentration affects the release of oxygen to respiring cells.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ2.22: Explain a method to quantify the energy content in food.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.21: Discuss the causes and treatments of phenylketonuria.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.17c: Outline the reason for some amino acids being classified as essential amino acids.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.17b: Identify the reason for vitamin D not being considered to be a typical vitamin.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.17a.ii: Deduce the reason for rickets in these infants.
- 17M.3.SL.TZ1.17a.i: Describe the relationship between the maternal blood vitamin D levels and the incidence of...
- 17M.1.SL.TZ1.10: The graph shows the effect of increasing the substrate concentration on the rate of an...
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.19b: List features that would increase a person’s risk of developing diabetes.
- 16N.3.HL.TZ0.19a: A study was undertaken to determine the most effective method to delay the onset of type II...
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.17d: Suggest, with reasons, which milk would be recommended for someone with osteomalacia.
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.17c: Identify, with a reason, which milk provides more energy in a 250 g serving.
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.17b: State one function of sodium in the diet.
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.17a: Calculate how many grams of protein should be consumed each day. Working is not required.
- 16N.3.SL.TZ0.16b: Explain how the administration of a drug that stimulates the leptin receptors in the...
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.19c: Evaluate human milk as an overall source of essential amino acids.
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.19b: Phenylalanine is converted to tyrosine by the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. (i) Deduce...
- 16M.3.HL.TZ0.19a: Outline what is meant by the term essential amino acid.
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.17c: (i) State the name of the part of the brain where appetite is controlled. (ii) State the...
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.17b: Outline the meaning of the term essential when used to describe some fatty acids.
- 16M.3.SL.TZ0.17a: Deduce with reasons which two oils would be the best sources of fatty acids for a healthy diet.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.1c: Distinguish between LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol in relation to the diet.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.1e: In many societies doctors may recommend an HP diet for pregnant humans. Using the data,...
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.2a (i): State one source of vitamin D in the diet.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.3b: Explain the causes and consequences of phenylketonuria (PKU).
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.1a: Identify the substance that varies the most in the plasma of the mothers.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.1b: Calculate the difference between birth mass of offspring whose mothers were fed the AP diet...
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.1d: Explain the low birth mass of offspring born to mothers who were fed the LP diet.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ2.2a (ii): State how vitamin D can be obtained other than through the diet.
- 15M.3.SL.TZ1.2a: Water and minerals are essential in the human diet. List two other types of nutrient in a...
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.1a: State which country has the lowest total percentage of overweight and obese adults.
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.1b: Distinguish between the levels of male obesity and female obesity.
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.1c: Compare the overweight and obesity patterns in Australia and Morocco.
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.1d: Suggest two possible reasons for the differences in BMI from the reported countries.
- 15N.3.SL.TZ0.2a: List two natural food sources of vitamin D in human diets.
- 13M.2.SL.TZ2.1d: This study also showed a significant reduction in insulin sensitivity when participants were...
- 13M.2.SL.TZ2.1g: Suggest how sugar uptake might be related to pancreatic cancer.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.3b: Explain the possible health consequences of a diet rich in protein.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.2c: Evaluate the benefits of reducing dietary cholesterol in lowering the risk of coronary heart...
- 13M.3.SL.TZ2.1c: Discuss whether the data supports the hypothesis that malnutrition affects the sex ratio of...
- 13M.3.SL.TZ1.2b (ii): Compare wheat flour and rice as main dietary sources of energy for humans.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ2.1a: State the regions with the highest and lowest percentage of male offspring. Region with...
- 13M.3.SL.TZ2.1d: Suggest one limitation of the data.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ2.1b: Comment on the variation in BMI of mothers in Ethiopia.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ2.2c: Evaluate the health consequences of a diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids.
- 13M.3.SL.TZ2.1e: Suggest one factor that could cause malnutrition in mothers.
- 13N.3.HL.TZ0.13c: Deduce the effects of supplementing the diet with Lactobacillus on the concentration of...
- 13N.3.HL.TZ0.13d: Scientists hypothesized that Lactobacillus could be used in diets to reduce the incidence of...
- 13N.3.HL.TZ0.13a: State the concentration of cholesterol in liver tissue and the mass of bile salts in feces...
- 13N.3.HL.TZ0.13b: Calculate the percentage increase in the concentration of cholesterol in liver tissue, caused...
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.2a.ii: List two consequences of anorexia nervosa. 1. 2.
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.2b: Explain the causes, consequences and treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU).
- 13N.3.SL.TZ0.3b: Evaluate the benefit of reducing cholesterol in the diet.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.1a: State the urinary vitamin C content for each of the two study groups six hours before vitamin...
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.1d: Large individual differences in the urine level of ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid...
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.1b: Calculate the percentage increase in urine levels of vitamin C for the ascorbic acid study...
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.1c: Compare the trends in vitamin C release for the two test groups during the first twelve hours...
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.1e: Scurvy is a disease that is due to vitamin C deficiency. Evaluate the importance of this...
- 11M.3.SL.TZ1.2b: Outline factors that can lead to an individual becoming obese.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ2.1a (i): Identify the season when the women are least likely to suffer from vitamin D deficiency.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ2.1a (ii): Using the data from all four seasons, identify the two locations where the patterns of...
- 11M.3.SL.TZ2.1c: Location and season were found to account for only a small part of the deficiencies. Suggest,...
- 11M.3.SL.TZ2.2b: Outline consequences of protein deficiency malnutrition.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ2.1b: Compare the deficiency levels of vitamin D at all three locations.
- 11M.3.SL.TZ2.3: Describe the causes, consequences and diagnosis of phenylketonuria (PKU).
- 12M.3.SL.TZ1.2b: Distinguish between minerals and vitamins.
- 12M.3.SL.TZ1.1b: Identify the age and sex of the group that suffers from the least amount of anemia in the...
- 12M.3.SL.TZ1.1c: Compare the data for the three nutrients in 11–20-year-old females with the data for...
- 12M.3.SL.TZ1.1a: Identify the nutrient that is least likely to be deficient in a 45-year-old male in the...
- 12M.3.SL.TZ1.1d: The data in the table indicates differences in the incidence of anemia between males and...
- 12M.3.SL.TZ2.2c: Describe the health consequences of a diet rich in proteins.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.3a: List two dietary sources of vitamin D.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.2b: Explain the possible health consequences of diets rich in fats.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.2c: Outline the consequences of protein deficiency malnutrition.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ1.3b: Discuss exposure to sunlight as a source of vitamin D.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.1c: Determine, by indicating on the graph, the range of age-adjusted relative risk for women who...
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.1d: Explain the dietary advice that should be given to a patient who has developed type II diabetes.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.1a: Describe the effect of increased BMI on the risk of developing type II diabetes.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.3a: State a source of vitamin D in a human diet.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.1b: Identify the risk of developing type II diabetes in men with a BMI of 33 kg m–2.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.2c: Explain possible health consequences of diets rich in fats.
- 10M.3.SL.TZ2.3b: Discuss exposure to sunlight as a source of vitamin D.
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.1d: Evaluate the hypothesis that being overweight is due to lack of exercise.
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.2b: Outline the differences in molecular structure between the types of fat found in the peanuts.
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.2a (ii): Deduce, with a reason, which listed nutrient provides the most energy per 25 g serving.
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.2a (i): State which listed nutrient does not supply energy.
- 11N.3.SL.TZ0.3b: Explain the benefits of supplementing common foods with vitamins and minerals.
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.14a: The table shows the death rate due to coronary heart disease (CHD) in two different...
- 12N.3.HL.TZ0.14b (i): State four glands secreting digestive juices into the alimentary canal. 1....
- 12N.3.SL.TZ0.3b : Explain two pieces of dietary advice that might be given to someone suffering from type II...
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.1b: Compare the changes in blood calcium levels in normal mice and in mutant mice after the...
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.1c: Explain, using graph B, the changes in blood calcium levels for the mice with different diets.
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.2a(i): Outline the function of the appetite control centre in the brain.
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.2a(ii): Outline the implications for the health of a person who has a BMI of 16 kg m–2.
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.1a: State the change in blood calcium levels in normal mice 10 minutes after the administration...
- 10N.3.SL.TZ0.1d: Discuss whether the scientists were able to support their hypothesis that rickets caused by...
- 09N.3.SL.TZ0.1a: Compare the zinc content of scalp hair of the control group with that of the anorexia nervosa...
- 09N.3.SL.TZ0.1b: Discuss whether whole blood zinc content of 6 μg g–1 would indicate that a person has...
- 09N.3.SL.TZ0.1c: Discuss whether dietary zinc supplementation would be an effective treatment for anorexia...
- 09N.3.SL.TZ0.1d: Zinc is a mineral. Distinguish between a mineral and a vitamin.
- 09N.3.SL.TZ0.2a: State one consequence of protein deficiency malnutrition.
