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3.3. Nutrition and energy systems

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Topic 3: Energy systems » 3.3. Nutrition and energy systems

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Directly related questions

20N.1.SL.tz0.13:
The diagram shows the ultrastructure of a generalized animal cell. What is the main function of the organelle labelled X?

[Source: Siyavula Education, Grade 10 Life Science: Cell Structure And Function, https://www.siyavula.
com/read/science/grade-10-lifesciences/cells-the-basic-units-of-life/02-cells-the-basic-units-of-life-02. Everything
Maths and Sciences textbooks can be freely downloaded at www.siyavula.com. Republished under Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode.]

A. Protein synthesis

B. Digestion of macromolecules

C. Cellular respiration

D. DNA storage
20N.2.SL.tz0.6d: Describe the production of ATP from fatty acids.
20N.2.SL.tz0.8e: Explain what happens as an athlete breathes heavily after a basketball match.
20N.2.HL:.tz0.8e: Explain what happens as an athlete breathes heavily after a 200 m sprint.
21M.2.SL.tz0.6a:
Explain the phenomena of oxygen deficit and oxygen debt for an individual hiking 20 km in mountains.
21M.2.HL:.tz0.10c: Discuss the oxygen debt process which occurs during recovery after a 10 000 m race.
21M.2.HL:.tz0.10a:
Outline six structures in an animal cell.
21M.2.HL:.tz0.10b: Discuss the relative contributions of the three energy systems for a runner during a 100 m sprint...
21M.1.SL.tz0.13:
What is the definition of cell respiration?

A. The controlled release of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from organic compounds in cells

B. The controlled release of energy in the form of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) from organic compounds in cells

C. The controlled release of energy in the form of glycogen from organic compounds in cells

D. The controlled release of energy in the form of carbon dioxide from organic compounds in cells
21M.1.SL.tz0.14: Which energy system is the predominant contributor of ATP for a runner participating in a...
21N.1.SL.tz0.14:
Which donates a phosphate group to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) during the initial stages of intense exercise to regenerate adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

A. Glycogen

B. Glucose-6-phosphate

C. Amino acid

D. Creatine phosphate
21N.2.SL.tz0.6b: Analyse oxygen deficit.
21N.2.SL.tz0.3a: The diagram represents the ultrastructure of a generalized animal cell. Annotate structures...
21N.2.HL:.tz0.5:
Analyse how the dominant energy system contributes to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production during an indoor 60 m sprint.
21N.2.HL:.tz0.10a: Analyse oxygen deficit.
22M.2.HL:.tz0.10c:
A 1500 m runner accelerates at the start of a race until they reach their desired speed. In the final stage, they sprint towards the finish line. After the race, they perform an active recovery. Explain the phenomena of oxygen deficit and oxygen debt (EPOC) during and after the race.
22M.1.SL.tz0.13:
Which represents the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via the aerobic glycolysis system?

A. PC + ADP → 1ATP + C

B. glucose → pyruvate → 2 ATP + lactate + H⁺

C. glucose → pyruvate + O₂ → acetylCoA → Krebs cycle → electron transport chain → 38 ATP + H₂O + CO₂ + heat

D. ADP + P = ATP
22M.1.SL.tz0.14:
The diagram shows an animal cell. What is the function of X?

[Source: Siyavula, n.d. [Animal cell] [image] Available at: https://www.siyavula.com/science/lifesciences/grade-10/02-the-basicunits-of-life/02-the-basic-units-of-life-03.cnxmlplus This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) [Accessed 09 August 2017]. Source adapted.]

A. Protein synthesis

B. Controlling gene expression

C. Cell respiration

D. Ingestion and removal of waste
22M.2.SL.tz0.4b:
Describe the resynthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the lactic acid (anaerobic glycolysis) system.
22M.2.SL.tz0.6e:
Discuss the factors that determine the dominant energy system.
22M.2.HL:.tz0.12b:
Describe the resynthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the lactic acid (anaerobic glycolysis) system.
16N.2.SL.tz0.6b:
Compare and contrast the characteristics of the lactic acid and aerobic system.
16N.2.SL.tz0.4c: Describe the strengths of the ATP-CP system with regard to the re-synthesis of ATP during a...
16M.2.SL.tz0.2b: Define the term cell respiration.
16M.2.SL.tz0.5c: Explain the phenomenon of oxygen deficit.
16M.2.SL.tz0.6d:
Evaluate the relative contributions of the three energy systems in a footballer during a match.
16M.2.SL.tz0.2d: Describe the production of ATP from glucose by the aerobic system.
16M.1.SL.tz0.15:
Which of the following are features of the ATP-CP system?

I. It provides the energy for the first three minutes of activity.

II. CP is broken down to provide a phosphate molecule.

III. It creates lactic acid as a by-product.

A. I only

B. II only

C. I and II only

D. II and III only
17M.2.SL.tz0.5d: Discuss the characteristics of the lactic acid system during exercise.
17M.1.SL.tz0.11: Which energy system is the quickest to re-synthesize ATP? A. Anaerobic glycolysis B. Aerobic...
16N.1.SL.tz0.14: What is the definition of cell respiration? A. All biochemical reactions that occur within an...
17N.2.SL.tz0.3b:
Outline how a marathon runner produces ATP from fatty acids.
17N.1.SL.tz0.14:
The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of an animal cell. What is the structure labelled X?

[Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote#/
media/File:Animal_cell_structure_en.svg, by Mariana Ruiz]

A. Nucleus

B. Mitochondrion

C. Lysosome

D. Golgi apparatus
17N.2.SL.tz0.5c:
Explain the relative contributions of the three energy systems during a hockey or soccer match.
18N.1.SL.tz0.14: What is the net amount of ATP molecules produced from one glucose molecule in the lactic acid...
18N.2.HL:.tz0.6e:
Discuss how the three energy systems contribute to ATP production during an 800-metre run.
18N.2.SL.tz0.5b: Describe the phenomenon of oxygen deficit.
18N.2.SL.tz0.6c: Outline the re-synthesis of ATP by the ATP–CP system.
18N.2.SL.tz0.4e:
Discuss how the three energy systems contribute to ATP production during an 800-metre run.
18N.1.HL:.tz0.11: Which describes the lactic acid system? A. Anaerobic energy system that produces 1 ATP B....
18N.2.HL:.tz0.7e:
Explain excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) during recovery.
19M.1.SL.tz0.14: Which energy system is the most rapid to resynthesize ATP? A. Anaerobic glycolysis B. Aerobic...
19M.2.SL.tz0.3c:
Explain the role of ATP in providing energy for a sprinter’s muscles to contract.
19M.2.SL.tz0.5d:
Explain how anaerobic energy systems could contribute to ATP production during a 3-minute round of boxing.
19M.2.HL:.tz0.10a:
Explain how anaerobic energy systems could contribute to ATP production during a 3-minute round of boxing.
16M.1.SL.tz0.14: Which of the following is the function of the Golgi apparatus? A. It is involved in the...
19N.2.HL:.tz0.5c: Explain the reason for elevated breathing in the first minutes after a swimming sprint.
19N.1.SL.tz0.14: What are the products of anaerobic glycolysis? A. 2 ATP per glucose molecule and lactic acid B....
19N.2.SL.tz0.5c: Explain the reason for elevated breathing in the first minutes after a swimming sprint.
19N.2.HL:.tz0.8a.ii: Describe the aerobic production of ATP before electrons are passed into the electron transport...
19N.1.HL:.tz0.11: Which type of athlete receives the majority of their energy during performance through aerobic...

Sub sections and their related questions

3.3.1. Annotate a diagram of the ultrastructure of a generalized animal cell.

16M.1.SL.tz0.14: Which of the following is the function of the Golgi apparatus? A. It is involved in the...
17N.1.SL.tz0.14:
The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of an animal cell. What is the structure labelled X?

[Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote#/
media/File:Animal_cell_structure_en.svg, by Mariana Ruiz]

A. Nucleus

B. Mitochondrion

C. Lysosome

D. Golgi apparatus
20N.1.SL.tz0.13:
The diagram shows the ultrastructure of a generalized animal cell. What is the main function of the organelle labelled X?

[Source: Siyavula Education, Grade 10 Life Science: Cell Structure And Function, https://www.siyavula.
com/read/science/grade-10-lifesciences/cells-the-basic-units-of-life/02-cells-the-basic-units-of-life-02. Everything
Maths and Sciences textbooks can be freely downloaded at www.siyavula.com. Republished under Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode.]

A. Protein synthesis

B. Digestion of macromolecules

C. Cellular respiration

D. DNA storage
21N.2.SL.tz0.3a: The diagram represents the ultrastructure of a generalized animal cell. Annotate structures...
22M.1.SL.tz0.14:
The diagram shows an animal cell. What is the function of X?

[Source: Siyavula, n.d. [Animal cell] [image] Available at: https://www.siyavula.com/science/lifesciences/grade-10/02-the-basicunits-of-life/02-the-basic-units-of-life-03.cnxmlplus This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) [Accessed 09 August 2017]. Source adapted.]

A. Protein synthesis

B. Controlling gene expression

C. Cell respiration

D. Ingestion and removal of waste

3.3.2. Annotate a diagram of the ultrastructure of a mitochondrion.

None

3.3.3. Define the term cell respiration.

3.3.4. Explain how adenosine can gain and lose a phosphate molecule.

None

3.3.5. Explain the role of ATP in muscle contraction.

19M.2.SL.tz0.3c:
Explain the role of ATP in providing energy for a sprinter’s muscles to contract.

3.3.6. Describe the re-synthesis of ATP by the ATP–CP system.

3.3.7. Describe the production of ATP by the lactic acid system.

18N.1.SL.tz0.14: What is the net amount of ATP molecules produced from one glucose molecule in the lactic acid...
18N.1.HL:.tz0.11: Which describes the lactic acid system? A. Anaerobic energy system that produces 1 ATP B....
19N.1.SL.tz0.14: What are the products of anaerobic glycolysis? A. 2 ATP per glucose molecule and lactic acid B....
22M.2.SL.tz0.4b:
Describe the resynthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the lactic acid (anaerobic glycolysis) system.
22M.2.HL:.tz0.12b:
Describe the resynthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the lactic acid (anaerobic glycolysis) system.

3.3.8. Explain the phenomena of oxygen deficit and oxygen debt.

16M.2.SL.tz0.5c: Explain the phenomenon of oxygen deficit.
18N.2.SL.tz0.5b: Describe the phenomenon of oxygen deficit.
18N.2.HL:.tz0.7e:
Explain excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) during recovery.
19N.2.SL.tz0.5c: Explain the reason for elevated breathing in the first minutes after a swimming sprint.
19N.2.HL:.tz0.5c: Explain the reason for elevated breathing in the first minutes after a swimming sprint.
20N.2.SL.tz0.8e: Explain what happens as an athlete breathes heavily after a basketball match.
20N.2.HL:.tz0.8e: Explain what happens as an athlete breathes heavily after a 200 m sprint.
21M.2.SL.tz0.6a:
Explain the phenomena of oxygen deficit and oxygen debt for an individual hiking 20 km in mountains.
21M.2.HL:.tz0.10c: Discuss the oxygen debt process which occurs during recovery after a 10 000 m race.
21N.2.SL.tz0.6b: Analyse oxygen deficit.
21N.2.HL:.tz0.10a: Analyse oxygen deficit.
22M.2.HL:.tz0.10c:
A 1500 m runner accelerates at the start of a race until they reach their desired speed. In the final stage, they sprint towards the finish line. After the race, they perform an active recovery. Explain the phenomena of oxygen deficit and oxygen debt (EPOC) during and after the race.

3.3.9. Describe the production of ATP from glucose and fatty acids by the aerobic system.

3.3.10. Discuss the characteristics of the three energy systems and their relative contributions during exercise.

17M.2.SL.tz0.5d: Discuss the characteristics of the lactic acid system during exercise.
16N.2.SL.tz0.6b:
Compare and contrast the characteristics of the lactic acid and aerobic system.

3.3.11. Evaluate the relative contributions of the three energy systems during different types of exercise.

16M.2.SL.tz0.6d:
Evaluate the relative contributions of the three energy systems in a footballer during a match.
19M.1.SL.tz0.14: Which energy system is the most rapid to resynthesize ATP? A. Anaerobic glycolysis B. Aerobic...
19M.2.SL.tz0.5d:
Explain how anaerobic energy systems could contribute to ATP production during a 3-minute round of boxing.
19M.2.HL:.tz0.10a:
Explain how anaerobic energy systems could contribute to ATP production during a 3-minute round of boxing.
16N.2.SL.tz0.4c: Describe the strengths of the ATP-CP system with regard to the re-synthesis of ATP during a...
17N.2.SL.tz0.5c:
Explain the relative contributions of the three energy systems during a hockey or soccer match.
18N.2.SL.tz0.4e:
Discuss how the three energy systems contribute to ATP production during an 800-metre run.
18N.2.HL:.tz0.6e:
Discuss how the three energy systems contribute to ATP production during an 800-metre run.
19N.1.HL:.tz0.11: Which type of athlete receives the majority of their energy during performance through aerobic...
21M.2.HL:.tz0.10a:
Outline six structures in an animal cell.
21M.2.HL:.tz0.10b: Discuss the relative contributions of the three energy systems for a runner during a 100 m sprint...
21M.1.SL.tz0.14: Which energy system is the predominant contributor of ATP for a runner participating in a...
21N.2.HL:.tz0.5:
Analyse how the dominant energy system contributes to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production during an indoor 60 m sprint.
22M.2.SL.tz0.6e:
Discuss the factors that determine the dominant energy system.

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3.3. Nutrition and energy systems

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Sub sections and their related questions