| Date | November 2019 | Marks available | 2 | Reference code | 19N.3.sl.TZ0.17 |
| Level | SL | Paper | 3 | Time zone | TZ0 |
| Command term | Outline | Question number | 17 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
The structure of aspirin is shown in section 37 of the data booklet.
Suggest one reactant used to prepare aspirin from salicylic acid.
Aspirin, C6H4(OCOCH3)COOH, is only slightly soluble in water.
Outline, including an equation, how aspirin can be made more water-soluble. Use section 37 in the data booklet.
Markscheme
NOTE: Accept condensed structural formulas.
Accept “ethanoic acid/acetic acid/CH3COOH”.
Accept “C4H6O3” OR “C2H3OCl”.
react with sodium hydroxide/NaOH/«strong» base
OR
convert to «ionic» salt ✔
NOTE: Accept other suitable bases (eg, KOH/NaHCO3/Na2CO3) with corresponding equation for chosen base for M2.
Accept “CaCO3”, although calcium salicylate is not water soluble.
Accept ionic equation.
C6H4(OCOCH3)COOH (s) + NaOH (aq) → C6H4(OCOCH3)COONa (aq) + H2O (l) ✔
NOTE: Award [2] for M2.
Examiners report
Syllabus sections
-
18M.2.sl.TZ1.2a:
Describe the nature of ionic bonding.
- 18M.1.sl.TZ2.9: What is the formula of magnesium nitride? A. MgN B. Mg2N3 C. Mg3N D. Mg3N2
-
22M.2.sl.TZ1.1g:
State the types of bonding in magnesium, oxygen and magnesium oxide, and how the valence electrons produce these types of bonding.
-
18M.1.sl.TZ1.9:
What is the formula of ammonium phosphate?
A. (NH3)3PO4
B. (NH4)3PO4
C. (NH4)2PO4
D. (NH3)2PO3
-
17M.2.sl.TZ1.2e.i:
State the type of bonding in potassium chloride which melts at 1043 K.
-
22M.1.sl.TZ2.9:
Which statement best describes the intramolecular bonding in HCN (l)?
A. Electrostatic attractions between H+ and CN− ions
B. Hydrogen bonding
C. Van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding
D. Electrostatic attractions between pairs of electrons and positively charged nuclei
- 17M.1.sl.TZ1.9: A substance has the following properties: What is the most probable structure of this...
- 22M.1.sl.TZ1.9: A compound consists of the ions Ca2+ and PO43–. What are the name and formula of the...
-
17M.1.sl.TZ2.10:
Which bonds cause the boiling point of water to be significantly greater than that of hydrogen sulfide?
A. London (dispersion)
B. Covalent
C. Ionic
D. Hydrogen
- 22M.1.sl.TZ1.10: What is the explanation for the high melting point of sodium chloride? A. The covalent bond...
- 22M.1.hl.TZ2.9: In which of the following compounds does ionic bonding predominate? A. HCl B. NaF C. ...
- 19N.1.sl.TZ0.9: Which is correct for all solid ionic compounds? A. High volatility B. Poor electrical...
-
19M.1.hl.TZ1.10:
What is the IUPAC name of NiCO3?
A. nickel(II) carbonate
B. nickel carbonate
C. nickel(I) carbonate
D. nitrogen(I) carbonate
-
18M.2.hl.TZ1.2a:
Describe the nature of ionic bonding.
-
17M.1.sl.TZ2.19:
Which of the following does not react with dilute HCl(aq)?
A. Na2CO3
B. Cu
C. Zn
D. CuO
- 21N.1.sl.TZ0.10: Which combination would create the strongest ionic bond?
- 21N.1.sl.TZ0.11: Which compound contains both ionic and covalent bonds? A. CH3COONa B. CH3COOH C. ...
- 18N.2.sl.TZ0.4b.ii: State a physical property of sodium oxide.
- 19M.1.hl.TZ2.9: How does a lithium atom form the most stable ion? A. The atom gains a proton to form a...
-
19M.2.hl.TZ1.3c:
Describe the structure and bonding in solid sodium oxide.
- 19M.1.sl.TZ2.9: How does a lithium atom form the most stable ion? A. The atom gains a proton to form a...
-
17M.2.sl.TZ2.1c.ii:
Explain the electrical conductivity of molten Na2O and P4O10.
-
22M.1.sl.TZ2.11:
What is the name of the compound with formula Ti3(PO4)2?
A. Titanium phosphate
B. Titanium(II) phosphate
C. Titanium(III) phosphate
D. Titanium(IV) phosphate
- 16N.2.sl.TZ0.4f: Describe the structure and bonding in solid magnesium oxide.
-
16N.3.hl.TZ0.22c:
(i) Uranium hexafluoride, UF6, is used in the uranium enrichment process that produces fuel for nuclear reactors.
State the molecular shape of uranium hexafluoride.
(ii) Explain why uranium dioxide, UO2, has a very high melting point whereas uranium hexafluoride vapourises easily into gas.
-
19M.2.sl.TZ2.5b(iii):
Identify the type of bonding in sodium hydrogencarbonate.
Between sodium and hydrogencarbonate:
Between hydrogen and oxygen in hydrogencarbonate:
-
21M.1.sl.TZ2.11:
What is the formula of the compound formed from Ca2+ and PO43−?
A. CaPO4
B. Ca3(PO4)2
C. Ca2(PO4)3
D. Ca(PO4)2
-
19M.2.sl.TZ1.3a(i):
Describe the structure and bonding in solid sodium oxide.
-
17M.3.sl.TZ1.6b:
Lanthanum has a similar electronegativity to group 2 metals. Explain, in terms of bonding and structure, why crystalline lanthanum bromide is brittle.
-
19M.2.hl.TZ2.5d(i):
Identify the type of bonding in sodium hydrogencarbonate.
Between sodium and hydrogencarbonate:
Between hydrogen and oxygen in hydrogencarbonate:
- 21M.1.sl.TZ1.11: Which substance is most likely to be ionic?
-
21M.1.sl.TZ1.10:
Which compound contains both ionic and covalent bonds?
A.
B.
C.
D.
- 21M.2.hl.TZ1.1d(v): Suggest why chemists find it convenient to classify bonding into ionic, covalent and metallic.
- 21M.2.hl.TZ1.3a: Deduce the ratio of Fe2+:Fe3+ in Fe3O4.
- 21M.1.hl.TZ2.12: Which atom has an expanded octet? A. C in CO2 B. S in SCl4 C. O in H2O2 D. P in PCl3
- 21M.2.sl.TZ1.1c(i): Describe the bonding in this type of solid.
- 21M.2.sl.TZ1.3a: Deduce the ratio of Fe2+:Fe3+ in Fe3O4.
-
22M.2.hl.TZ1.1g:
State the types of bonding in magnesium, oxygen and magnesium oxide, and how the valence electrons produce these types of bonding.
-
20N.1.sl.TZ0.9:
Which formula is correct?
A.
B.
C.
D.
- 21M.2.sl.TZ1.1c(iv): Suggest why chemists find it convenient to classify bonding into ionic, covalent and metallic.
- 22M.1.sl.TZ2.10: What is the type of bonding in a compound that has high boiling and melting points, poor...
- 21M.2.hl.TZ1.1d(i): Describe the bonding in this type of solid.
