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Date November 2017 Marks available 2 Reference code 17N.3.HL.TZ0.09
Level Higher level Paper Paper 3 Time zone TZ0 / no time zone
Command term Analyse Question number 09 Adapted from N/A

Question

Transgenic rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were produced from both wild strain and domestic strain trout, using a gene coding for growth hormone from coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). The graph shows the mean mass of the nontransgenic and transgenic trout at 8 months post-fertilization.

[Source: Reprinted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd: Nature, 409, Growth of domesticated transgenic fish, R H Devlin et al., pp. 781–782, copyright 2001]

Analyse the data for the growth of nontransgenic trout and transgenic trout.

[2]
a.

Suggest a reason for the growth differences between the nontransgenic trout and transgenic trout.

[1]
b.

Describe the use of marker genes in the development of transgenic organisms such as trout.

[2]
c.

Outline the possible environmental impact associated with the accidental release of transgenic trout.

[2]
d.

Markscheme

a. both transgenic «strains» show more growth/mean mass than nontransgenic

    Allow vice versa

b. wild nontransgenic «strain» showed less growth than wild transgenic

    Allow vice versa

    OR

    greatest difference between wild nontransgenic and transgenic «strains»

    OR

    wild «strain» showed less growth/mean mass in nontransgenic but reverse in transgenic

c. mean mass/growth in domestic nontransgenic «strain» lower than «domestic»
transgenic

d. error bars overlap for domestic nontransgenic and transgenic «strains»

[Max 2 Marks]

a.

gene for growth hormone has been assimilated/is expressed in the transgenic trout

OR

more growth hormone produced/expressed in transgenic trout

b.

a. indicates successful uptake of recombinant DNA

b. identifies transgenic organisms

c. example of a marker gene

eg: antibiotic resistance gene in bacteria

[Max 2 Marks]

c.

a. transgenes may be transferred to other species/organisms

b. may alter ecosystem/food chain

c. may outgrow other species

    OR

    decrease biodiversity

    OR

    outcompete nontransgenic individuals/trout

[Max 2 Marks]

d.

Examiners report

[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.
[N/A]
c.
[N/A]
d.

Syllabus sections

Option B: Biotechnology and bioinformatics » Option B: Biotechnology and bioinformatics (Core topics) » B.2 Biotechnology in agriculture
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Option B: Biotechnology and bioinformatics » Option B: Biotechnology and bioinformatics (Core topics)
Option B: Biotechnology and bioinformatics

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