DP History Questionbank

Description

This is an important section that deals with the efforts at decolonization in Eastern and Central Africa. It is different from sections 4 and 5 on the responses to colonialism in that it focuses on the later attempts to regain political freedom. It requires a comparative analysis of the factors that led some countries to achieve independence earlier or later than others, and of the relative contributions of internal and external factors, the role of nationalist movements and political parties and leadership, and the response of colonial powers. Students should have an in-depth knowledge of the reasons why independence was sometimes achieved through peaceful negotiations and sometimes through armed struggle.

• Tanganyika: Tanganyika African National Union; Julius Nyerere to 1961

• Uganda: political parties, ethnic and religious rivalries; independence in 1962

• Kenya: trade unions; Mau Mau; Jomo Kenyatta and KANU to 1963

• Rhodesia to Zimbabwe: Ian Smith; UDI; Liberation War; Robert Mugabe (1963‑80)

• Collapse of Central African Federation; Kamuzu Banda in Malawi; Kenneth Kaunda in Zambia to 1964

• Mozambique, Frelimo and Liberation War to 1975

Directly related questions

• 16N.3op2a.HL.TZ0.18:

  “Mozambique achieved independence because of external factors rather than internal factors.” Discuss.

• 16N.3op2a.HL.TZ0.17:

  Compare and contrast the achievement of independence in Tanganyika and Kenya.