• Syllabus

5: Trade and the rise and decline of African states and empires (800–1600)

---

---

Sub sections and their related questions

Types of trade: trans-Saharan trade in gold and salt—importance of different routes and control over these; impact of trade on the rise and decline of empires; Indian Ocean trade in slaves, ivory, spices and textiles

• 18N.3op1.HL.TZ0.9: Evaluate the importance of the trans-Saharan trade in gold and salt to the rise of the Ghana Empire.
• 19M.3op1.HL.TZ0.9: Evaluate the impact of trans-Saharan trade on the decline of African empires.
• 22M.3op1.HL.TZ0.9: Evaluate the importance of trans-Saharan trade in gold and salt to African states.

Impact of trade on the spread of religion and culture: the Islamization of East and West Africa; influence of Catholicism in the Kingdom of the Kongo

• 17N.3op1.HL.TZ0.09: Evaluate the influence of Catholicism in the Kingdom of the Kongo.
• 18M.3op1.HL.TZ0.9: Evaluate the role of trade in the Islamization of East and West Africa.
• 20N.3op1.HL.TZ0.9: “Trade was more important than the influence of Catholicism to the rise and expansion of the...
• 22M.3op1.HL.TZ0.10: “Political organization was the main factor in the rise and expansion of the Kingdom of Kongo.”...

Ghana Empire (c830–1235): causes of the rise and decline of the Ghana Empire; system of government; social and economic organization; importance of trade; the Almoravid jihad

• 17M.3op2.HL.TZ0.9: Evaluate the reasons for the rise of the Ghana Empire.
• 20N.3op1.HL.TZ0.10: Examine the role of systems of government in the rise and decline of the Ghana Empire.
• 21M.3op1.HL.TZ0.9: To what extent was the Almoravid jihad responsible for the fall of the Ghana Empire?
• 21N.3op1.HL.TZ0.9: Examine the significance of trade routes to the rise and decline of the Ghana Empire.

Mali Empire (c1230–1600): causes of the rise and decline of the Mali Empire; social, economic and administrative reforms; military organization; importance of Islam; trade

• 17M.3op1.HL.TZ0.10: Evaluate the reasons for the decline of the Mali Empire by 1600.
• 17N.3op1.HL.TZ0.10: Discuss the causes of the rise and decline of the Mali Empire.
• 19M.3op1.HL.TZ0.10: “Islam was a key factor in the rise of the Mali Empire.” Discuss.
• 19N.3op1.HL.TZ0.9: To what extent did changes in trade patterns lead to the decline of the Mali Empire?
• 21N.3op1.HL.TZ0.10: “The most important factor in the rise of the Mali Empire was its military organization.” To what...

Rise and expansion of the Kingdom of the Kongo to 1600: political, social and economic organization

• 18M.3op1.HL.TZ0.10:

  Evaluate the reasons for the rise and expansion of the Kingdom of the Kongo to 1600.

• 20N.3op1.HL.TZ0.9: “Trade was more important than the influence of Catholicism to the rise and expansion of the...

Swahili city states: importance of the Indian Ocean trade in the rise and growth of the city states; emergence of a cosmopolitan Swahili culture

• 18N.3op1.HL.TZ0.10: Discuss the factors that contributed to the emergence of a cosmopolitan Swahili culture.
• 19N.3op1.HL.TZ0.10: Examine the role of the Indian Ocean trade in the rise and growth of the Swahili city states.
• 21M.3op1.HL.TZ0.10: Discuss the importance of the Indian Ocean trade in the rise and growth of the Swahili city states.