Evaluate the impact of the First World War on the Ottoman Empire.

Candidates will make an appraisal of the impact of the First World War on the Ottoman Empire, weighing up its importance or otherwise. Impact may include territorial changes because of the war, and in the Treaties of Sevres and Lausanne. Candidates may also focus on economic impact due to loss of empire and reparations, and social impact such as the migration of significant ethnic populations. Political impact may refer to the collapse of the Empire and the Caliphate, Turkish resistance to the Treaty of Sevres and the subsequent war of independence with Greece and other major powers, the establishment of a secular Turkish Republic under Ataturk, and the emergence of a Turkish national identity. Candidates may refer to long-term hostilities between the new Turkish state and other groups such as the Armenians and the Greeks.