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Date May 2017 Marks available 2 Reference code 17M.3.HL.TZ2.12
Level Higher level Paper Paper 3 Time zone Time zone 2
Command term Outline Question number 12 Adapted from N/A

Question

Outline one way in which genetic sequences can be used to indicate predisposition to a disease.

[3]
a.

Outline the use of luminescent probes in the treatment of tumours.

[2]
b.

Markscheme

a. genetic markers/specific sequences can be present in people with a disease  OWTTE

b. presence «of markers/specific sequences» indicates risk/probability of onset of condition Allow vice versa.

c. technique to detect the presence of the sequence  eg: PCR, electrophoresis, DNA sequencing, FISH, DNA databases, etc.

d. example of predisposition eg: BRCA sequence mutations indicating predisposition to breast cancer

a.

a. transferrin/other protein taken up at higher rates by tumour cells 

b. transferrin/other protein can be labelled with a luminescent dye 

c. different tumour cell types can be distinguished/labelled in different colours 

d. can be used to highlight tumours «during surgery» OWTTE

b.

Examiners report

[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.

Syllabus sections

Option B: Biotechnology and bioinformatics » Option B: Biotechnology and bioinformatics (Additional higher level topics) » B.4 Medicine
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