IB Questionbank

User interface language: English | Español

Date	May 2021	Marks available	1	Reference code	21M.1.HL.TZ2.22
Level	Higher level	Paper	Paper 1	Time zone	2
Command term		Question number	22	Adapted from	N/A

Question

During the nuclear fission of nucleus X into nucleus Y and nucleus Z, energy is released. The binding energies per nucleon of X, Y and Z are $B_{X}$ $B_{X}$ , $B_{Y}$ $B_{Y}$ and $B_{Z}$ $B_{Z}$ respectively. What is true about the binding energy per nucleon of X, Y and Z?

A. $B_{Y}$ $B_{Y}$ > $B_{X}$ $B_{X}$ and $B_{Z}$ $B_{Z}$ > $B_{X}$ $B_{X}$

B. $B_{X}$ $B_{X}$ = $B_{Y}$ $B_{Y}$ and $B_{X}$ $B_{X}$ = $B_{Z}$ $B_{Z}$

C. $B_{X}$ $B_{X}$ > $B_{Y}$ $B_{Y}$ and $B_{X}$ $B_{X}$ > $B_{Z}$ $B_{Z}$

D. $B_{X}$ $B_{X}$ = $B_{Y}$ $B_{Y}$ + $B_{Z}$ $B_{Z}$

Markscheme

Examiners report

[N/A]

Syllabus sections

Core » Topic 7: Atomic, nuclear and particle physics » 7.2 – Nuclear reactions

Show 52 related questions

18M.2.SL.TZ2.6b.i:
State what is meant by the binding energy of a nucleus.
18M.1.SL.TZ2.26: A graph of the variation of average binding energy per nucleon with nucleon number has a...
17M.1.HL.TZ2.21:
In the nuclear reaction X + Y → Z + W, involving nuclides X, Y, Z and W, energy is released. Which is correct about the masses (M) and the binding energies (BE) of the nuclides?
17M.1.SL.TZ1.26:
In nuclear fission, a nucleus of element X absorbs a neutron (n) to give a nucleus of element Y and a nucleus of element Z.

X + n → Y + Z + 2n

What is $\frac{magnitude of the binding energy per nucleon of Y}{magnitude of the binding energy per nucleon of X}$ $\frac{{{\text{magnitude of the binding energy per nucleon of Y}}}}{{{\text{magnitude of the binding energy per nucleon of X}}}}$ and $\frac{total binding energy of Y and Z}{total binding energy of X}$ $\frac{{{\text{total binding energy of Y and Z}}}}{{{\text{total binding energy of X}}}}$ ?
21N.2.HL.TZ0.4a.i: State what is meant by the binding energy of a nucleus.
18M.2.SL.TZ2.6b.ii:
Show that the energy released in the β^– decay of rhodium is about 3 MeV.
17N.1.SL.TZ0.24: What gives the total change in nuclear mass and the change in nuclear binding energy as a...
16N.1.SL.TZ0.26: The mass defect for deuterium is 4×10–30 kg. What is the binding energy of deuterium? A....
17M.1.SL.TZ1.15: Two pulses are travelling towards each other. What is a possible pulse shape when the...
18N.1.SL.TZ0.25: The graph shows the variation of the number of neutrons N with the atomic number Z for stable...
20N.2.HL.TZ0.6a(iii):
Show that the energy released in the reaction is about $180 MeV$ $180 MeV$ .
20N.2.HL.TZ0.6a(ii): Outline why quantities such as atomic mass and nuclear binding energy are often expressed in...
17M.1.SL.TZ2.26:
The binding energy per nucleon of $_{4}^{11} B e$ ${}_4^{11}Be$ is 6 MeV. What is the energy required to separate the nucleons of this nucleus?

A. 24 MeV

B. 42 MeV

C. 66 MeV

D. 90 MeV
16N.2.SL.TZ0.4c:
Carbon-14 (C-14) is a radioactive isotope which undergoes beta minus (β^–) decay to the stable isotope nitrogen-14 (N-14). Energy is released during this decay. Explain why the mass of a C-14 nucleus and the mass of a N-14 nucleus are slightly different even though they have the same nucleon number.
19M.2.SL.TZ2.6cii: Identify, for particle Y, the strangeness.
19M.1.SL.TZ2.25:
The positions of stable nuclei are plotted by neutron number n and proton number p. The graph indicates a dotted line for which n = p. Which graph shows the line of stable nuclides and the shaded region where unstable nuclei emit beta minus (β^-) particles?
19M.2.SL.TZ2.6a:
Identify particle X.
19N.2.SL.TZ0.7b(i):
Calculate the binding energy per nucleon for uranium-238.
21N.2.SL.TZ0.5a.ii:
Draw, on the axes, a graph to show the variation with nucleon number $A$ $A$ of the binding energy per nucleon, $\frac{BE}{A}$ $\frac{BE}{A}$ . Numbers are not required on the vertical axis.
21N.2.SL.TZ0.5a.iii:
Identify, with a cross, on the graph in (a)(ii), the region of greatest stability.
21N.2.HL.TZ0.4a.ii:
Draw, on the axes, a graph to show the variation with nucleon number $A$ $A$ of the binding energy per nucleon, $\frac{BE}{A}$ $\frac{BE}{A}$ . Numbers are not required on the vertical axis.
21N.2.HL.TZ0.4a.iii:
Identify, with a cross, on the graph in (a)(ii), the region of greatest stability.
20N.2.HL.TZ0.6a(i): State what is meant by binding energy of a nucleus.
16N.1.SL.TZ0.25:
When an alpha particle collides with a nucleus of nitrogen-14 $(_{7}^{14} N)$ $\left( {{}_7^{14}{\rm{N}}} \right)$ , a nucleus X can be produced together with a proton. What is X?

A. $_{8}^{18} X$ ${}_8^{18}{\rm{X}}$

B. $_{8}^{17} X$ ${}_8^{17}{\rm{X}}$

C. $_{9}^{18} X$ ${}_9^{18}{\rm{X}}$

D. $_{9}^{17} X$ ${}_9^{17}{\rm{X}}$
17M.1.SL.TZ1.27:
What is the energy equivalent to the mass of one proton?

A. 9.38 × (3 × 10⁸)² × 10⁶ J

B. 9.38 × (3 × 10⁸)² × 1.6 × 10^–19 J

C. $\frac{9.38 \times 10^{8}}{1.6 \times 10^{- 19}}$ $\frac{{9.38 \times {{10}^8}}}{{1.6 \times {{10}^{ - 19}}}}$ J

D. 9.38 × 10⁸ × 1.6 × 10^–19 J
20N.1.HL.TZ0.24:
The mass of nuclear fuel in a nuclear reactor decreases at the rate of $8 mg$ $8 mg$ every hour. The overall reaction process has an efficiency of $50 %$ $50 %$ . What is the maximum power output of the reactor?

A.   $100 MW$ $100 MW$

B.   $200 MW$ $200 MW$

C.   $100 GW$ $100 GW$

D.   $200 GW$ $200 GW$
20N.2.SL.TZ0.6a(ii): Outline why quantities such as atomic mass and nuclear binding energy are often expressed in...
19N.2.SL.TZ0.7b(ii):
Calculate the ratio $\frac{kinetic energy of alpha particle}{kinetic energy of thorium nucleus}$ $\frac{kinetic energy of alpha particle}{kinetic energy of thorium nucleus}$ .
17M.1.SL.TZ1.25:
What is the definition of the unified atomic mass unit?

A. $\frac{1}{12}$ $\frac{1}{{12}}$ the mass of a neutral atom of carbon-12

B. The mass of a neutral atom of hydrogen-1

C. $\frac{1}{12}$ $\frac{1}{{12}}$ the mass of a nucleus of carbon-12

D. The mass of a nucleus of hydrogen-1
21M.2.HL.TZ1.7d.i: Outline why high temperatures are required for fusion to occur.
21M.2.HL.TZ1.7d.ii: Outline, with reference to the graph, why energy is released both in fusion and in fission.
18M.1.SL.TZ1.25:
The average binding energy per nucleon of the $_{8}^{15} O$ $_8^{15}{\text{O}}$ nucleus is 7.5 MeV. What is the total energy required to separate the nucleons of one nucleus of $_{8}^{15} O$ $_8^{15}{\text{O}}$ ?

A. 53 MeV

B. 60 MeV

C. 113 MeV

D. 173 MeV
19M.1.SL.TZ1.27:
The rest mass of the helium isotope $_{2}^{3} He$ ${}_2^3{\text{He}}$ is m.

Which expression gives the binding energy per nucleon for $_{2}^{3} He$ ${}_2^3{\text{He}}$ ?

A. $\frac{(2 m_{p} + m_{n} + m) c^{2}}{3}$ $\frac{{(2{m_p} + {m_n} + m){c^2}}}{3}$

B. $\frac{(2 m_{p} + m_{n} - m) c^{2}}{3}$ $\frac{{(2{m_p} + {m_n} - m){c^2}}}{3}$

C. $(2 m_{p} + m_{n} + m) c^{2}$ ${(2{m_p} + {m_n} + m){c^2}}$

D. $(2 m_{p} + m_{n} - m) c^{2}$ ${(2{m_p} + {m_n} - m){c^2}}$
20N.2.SL.TZ0.6a(iii):
Show that the energy released in the reaction is about $180 MeV$ $180 MeV$ .
20N.2.SL.TZ0.6a(i): State what is meant by binding energy of a nucleus.
21M.2.HL.TZ1.7d.iii:
Uranium-235 $({}_{92}^{235}U)$ is used as a nuclear fuel. The fission of uranium-235 can produce krypton-89 and barium-144.

Determine, in MeV and using the graph, the energy released by this fission.
21M.1.SL.TZ1.25: What is the relation between the value of the unified atomic mass unit in grams and the...
21M.1.HL.TZ1.22: In a hydrogen atom, the sum of the masses of a proton and of an electron is larger than...
21M.2.SL.TZ1.5c.i: Outline why high temperatures are required for fusion to occur
21M.2.SL.TZ1.5c.ii: Outline, with reference to the graph, why energy is released both in fusion and in fission.
21M.2.SL.TZ1.5c.iii:
Uranium-235 ( ${}_{92}^{235}U$ ) is used as a nuclear fuel. The fission of uranium-235 can produce krypton-89 and barium-144.

Determine, in MeV and using the graph, the energy released by this fission.
21N.1.SL.TZ0.25:
The mass of a nucleus of iron-56 ( ${}_{26}^{56}{Fe}$ ) is M.

What is the mass defect of the nucleus of iron-56?

A. M − 26m_p − 56m_n

B.  26m_p + 30m_n − M

C.  M − 26m_p − 56m_n − 26m_e

D.  26m_p + 30m_n + 26m_e − M
19M.1.SL.TZ1.26:
Which property of a nuclide does not change as a result of beta decay?

A. Nucleon number

B. Neutron number

C. Proton number

D. Charge
19M.2.SL.TZ2.6bi: Determine, in MeV, the energy released.
19M.2.SL.TZ2.6bii: Suggest why, for the fusion reaction above to take place, the temperature of deuterium must...
19M.2.SL.TZ2.6ci: Identify, for particle Y, the charge.
21N.2.HL.TZ0.4b.ii:
The plutonium nucleus is at rest when it decays.

Calculate the ratio $\frac{kinetic energy of alpha particle}{kinetic energy of uranium}$ .
21N.2.SL.TZ0.5b.ii:
The plutonium nucleus is at rest when it decays.

Calculate the ratio $\frac{kinetic energy of alpha particle}{kinetic energy of uranium}$ .
21N.2.SL.TZ0.5a.i: State what is meant by the binding energy of a nucleus.
21N.2.SL.TZ0.5b.i:
Show that the energy released in this decay is about 6 MeV.
21N.2.HL.TZ0.4b.i:
Show that the energy released in this decay is about 6 MeV.
22M.1.HL.TZ2.24:
A neutron is absorbed by a nucleus of uranium-235 $({}_{92}^{235}U)$ . One possible outcome is the production of two nuclides, barium-144 $({}_{56}^{144}{Ba})$ and krypton-89 $({}_{36}^{89}{Kr})$ .

How many neutrons are released in this reaction?

A. 0

B. 1

C. 2

D. 3

Hide related questions

Core » Topic 7: Atomic, nuclear and particle physics

Core

Question

Markscheme

Examiners report

Syllabus sections

View options