| Date | November 2019 | Marks available | 1 | Reference code | 19N.3.HL.TZ0.7 |
| Level | Higher level | Paper | Paper 3 | Time zone | TZ0 / no time zone |
| Command term | Describe | Question number | 7 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Many animals have a unique technique for courting their mate. The male peacocks (Pavo cristatus) spread their brightly-coloured tails to impress the females (peahens).
[Source: cocoparisienne/Pixabay]
Courtship behaviour leads to mate selection. Describe innate behaviour.
Explain the implications of courtship behaviour in natural selection.
Outline operant conditioning, giving an example.
Markscheme
a. innate behavior is independent of environment ✔
b. innate behaviour is controlled by genes/inherited ✔
c. innate behaviour is present at birth OWTTE
OR
doesn't change through time/experience ✔
a. «courtship behaviour» is inherited/innate
OR
variations exist ✔ OWTTE
b. fittest animals have the best courtship behaviour ✔
c. «courtship behaviour» allows members of a species to identify each other
OR
«courtship behaviour» results in mate selection ✔ OWTTE
d. «courtship behaviour» increases chances of mating/reproductive success ✔
e. «courtship behaviour» also make organisms more vulnerable to predation ✔
f. «allows» best courtship to be passed on to the next generation/offspring ✔
a. when an animal learns to associate a reward with a certain kind of behaviour OWTTE
OR
trial and error learning
OR
positive reinforcement
OR
associative learning ✔
b. example: animal training ✔
Examiners report
Syllabus sections
-
20N.3.HL.TZ0.8b:
Explain how natural selection can cause mate selection behaviour patterns to develop in a species such as eastern bluebirds.
- 20N.3.HL.TZ0.8c: Another type of behaviour is altruistic behaviour. Outline an example of altruistic behaviour.
- 17N.3.HL.TZ0.06a: State the effect of simulated ship noise on foraging behaviour.
-
17M.3.HL.TZ2.7b:
Suggest reasons for the length you stated in (a) being the most common length of M. edulis that C. maenas eat.
- 17M.3.HL.TZ2.7a: State the most common length of M. edulis eaten by the C. maenas population.
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18M.3.HL.TZ1.7c:
Distinguish between innate behaviour and learned behaviour in the development of birdsong.
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18M.3.HL.TZ2.8:
Compare and contrast innate behaviour and learned behaviour.
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20N.3.HL.TZ0.8a:
Evaluate the hypothesis that females prefer to mate with males whose feathers are a brighter blue.
- 19N.3.HL.TZ0.7b: Explain the implications of courtship behaviour in natural selection.
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19M.3.HL.TZ2.6a.i:
Suggest a reason for the plateau in the graph when only one crab is present in the cage.
- 19M.3.HL.TZ2.6b: Outline the role of natural selection in animal behaviour.
-
19M.3.HL.TZ2.6a.ii:
Determine whether foraging by crabs is dependent on number of prey (mussels) or number of predators (crabs).
-
17N.3.HL.TZ0.06b:
Predict the consequences on C. maenas of increasing noise related to human activity.
-
18M.3.HL.TZ1.7d:
Outline an example of a change in animal behaviour as a result of natural selection.
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18N.3.HL.TZ0.7:
The drawing shows male and female Emperor birds of paradise (Paradisaea guilielmi ) found in Papua New Guinea.
Suggest how the external features and courtship behaviour of these birds of paradise affect reproductive success.
