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Date May 2021 Marks available 15 Reference code 21M.3op3.HL.TZ0.8
Level Higher level only Paper Paper 3 (History of Asia and Oceania) Time zone TZ0
Command term To what extent Question number 8 Adapted from N/A

Question

Section 4: The rise and fall of the Mughal Empire (1526–1712)

To what extent did the religious and economic policies of Shah Jahan I contribute to instability in the Mughal Empire?

Markscheme

The question requires that candidates consider the merits or otherwise of the suggestion that the religious and economic policies of Shah Jahan I contributed to instability in the Mughal Empire. Candidates may offer equal coverage of religious and economic policies, or they may emphasize their assessment of one, but both aspects will be a feature of the response. They may identify that he did not practice religious toleration like his father and grandfather and refer to his imposition of Sharia law, the destruction of churches and temples, and the revolts of the Sikhs in the Punjab and the Rajput princes. Candidates may also consider the lavish court and building expenditure, which led to economic instability and opposition. Other relevant factors may be addressed, for example, the bureaucratic nature of his administration, but with a focus on the issue in the question. Candidates’ opinions or conclusions will be presented clearly and supported by appropriate evidence.

Examiners report

[N/A]

Syllabus sections

HL options: first exams 2017 » HL option 3: History of Asia and Oceania » 4: The rise and fall of the Mughal Empire (1526–1712) » Significance of individual rulers for the Mughal Empire: Akbar, Shah Jahan I and Aurangzeb
HL options: first exams 2017 » HL option 3: History of Asia and Oceania » 4: The rise and fall of the Mughal Empire (1526–1712)
HL options: first exams 2017 » HL option 3: History of Asia and Oceania
HL options: first exams 2017

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