| Date | November 2020 | Marks available | 15 | Reference code | 20N.3op2.HL.TZ0.30 |
| Level | Higher level only | Paper | Paper 3 (History of the Americas) | Time zone | TZ0 |
| Command term | To what extent | Question number | 30 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Section 15: Political developments in the United States (1945–1980) and Canada (1945–1982)
To what extent was there social and political change under Pearson and Trudeau?
Markscheme
The question requires that candidates consider the merits or otherwise of the suggestion that there was social and political change under Pearson and Trudeau. Candidates are likely to argue that there was significant social change under Pearson and Trudeau. They may refer to Pearson’s introduction of the Canadian Pension Plan and increases in unemployment insurance. Canada officially became a bilingual nation during the 1960s. Trudeau established universal health care and liberalized laws on abortion and homosexuality. Politically both were members of the Liberal Party. Both withstood the Quebec separatist movement, with Trudeau invoking the War Measures Act to suppress the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ)/Quebec Liberation Front. Candidates’ opinions or conclusions will be presented clearly and supported by appropriate evidence.
Examiners report
The question required that candidates consider the merits or otherwise of the suggestion that there was social and political change under Pearson and Trudeau.
