Estimate the year in which global population peaks.

Describe the changes in the relative levels of non-renewable resources between 1900 and 2100.

Briefly explain how this graph shows a neo-Malthusian view.

Referring to one named resource, describe a strategy aimed at reducing its consumption.

Named resource:

Strategy:

Explain one strength or one weakness of the strategy as a way of reducing consumption of the named resource from d(i).

2025 (accept 2023 to 2027)

Award [1] each for up to three valid statements.

• stable/slow decline [1] to 1950/70
• then drops steeply [1] to 2040/60
• after which the level stabilizes again/slow decline [1]
• overall decline [1].

Award [1] for identification of one characteristic of the neo-Malthusian view and [1] for comment on how the graph illustrates the characteristic identified.

For example:

Growing populations could outstrip the provision of resources [1] – population increases but the provision of food declines before the peak population [1].

Advocacy of birth control to ensure resource for future populations [1] – population reaches a peak and then declines [1].

Concern with environmental degradation [1] – as population rises so does pollution [1].

Allow a liberal interpretation of “resource”.

For example:
Named resource: Oil.

Strategy: Substitution of oil power by solar power [1]. Less oil is required (oil can be left in the ground) as solar energy is used to heat homes / run vehicles [1].

Award [1] for valid strategy and [1] for further description of its operation.

Award [1] for valid strength or weakness and [1] for further development that links back to a correct identification of a valid resource and a strategy to reduce its consumption.

For example: A weakness is that it is not available in all areas or at all times [1], which means that we still need to consume oil in some places or at certain times [1].