DP Physics Questionbank

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Overview of the essential ideas for this option

D.4: The laws of nuclear physics applied to nuclear fusion processes inside stars determine the production of all elements up to iron.

D.5:  The modern field of cosmology uses advanced experimental and observational techniques to collect data with an unprecedented degree of precision and as a result very surprising and detailed conclusions about the structure of the universe have been reached.

Directly related questions

• 18M.3.HL.TZ2.19b: Outline why a hypothesis of dark energy has been developed.
• 18M.3.HL.TZ2.19a: Explain the evidence that indicates the location of dark matter in galaxies.
• 18M.3.HL.TZ2.18b: Explain how neutron capture can produce elements with an atomic number greater than iron.
• 18M.3.HL.TZ2.18a: Outline, with reference to the Jeans criterion, why a cold dense gas cloud is more likely to form...
• 18M.3.HL.TZ1.19c: Explain, using the equation in (a) and the graphs, why the presence of visible matter alone...
• 18M.3.HL.TZ1.19b: Draw on the axes the observed variation with r of the orbital speed v of stars in a galaxy.
• 18M.3.HL.TZ1.19a: The mass of visible matter in the galaxy is M. Show that for stars where r > R0 the velocity...
• 18M.3.HL.TZ1.18b.ii: State one assumption made in your calculation.
• 18M.3.HL.TZ1.18b.i: Show that the distance to the supernova is approximately 3.1 × 1018 m.
• 18M.3.HL.TZ1.18a: Describe the formation of a type Ia supernova.
• 17N.3.HL.TZ0.20c: Show that the critical density of the universe is \[\frac{{3{H^2}}}{{8\pi G}}\] where H is the...
• 17N.3.HL.TZ0.20b: Suggest how fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation are linked to the...
• 17N.3.HL.TZ0.20a: The Sun is a second generation star. Outline, with reference to the Jeans criterion (MJ), how the...
• 17M.3.HL.TZ2.20c: Curve A shows the actual rotation curve of a nearby galaxy. Curve B shows the predicted rotation...
• 17M.3.HL.TZ2.20b: The distribution of mass in a spherical system is such that the density ρ varies with distance...
• 17M.3.HL.TZ2.20a: Describe what is meant by dark matter.
• 17M.3.HL.TZ2.19b: State how the anisotropies in the CMB distribution are interpreted.
• 17M.3.HL.TZ2.19a.ii: The present temperature of the CMB is 2.8 K. This radiation was emitted when the universe was...
• 17M.3.HL.TZ2.19a.i: Derive, using the concept of the cosmological origin of redshift, the relation T...
• 17M.3.HL.TZ1.17b.ii: The density of dark energy is ρΛc2 where ρΛ = ρc – ρm. Calculate the amount of dark energy in 1...
• 17M.3.HL.TZ1.17b.i: The density of the observable matter in the universe is only 0.05 ρc. Suggest how the remaining...
• 17M.3.HL.TZ1.17a: The graph shows the variation with time t of the cosmic scale factor R in the flat model of the...
• 17M.3.HL.TZ1.16c: Massive stars that have left the main sequence have a layered structure with different chemical...
• 17M.3.HL.TZ1.16b: In the proton–proton cycle, four hydrogen nuclei fuse to produce one nucleus of helium releasing...
• 17M.3.HL.TZ1.16a: Outline, with reference to star formation, what is meant by the Jeans criterion.
• 16N.3.HL.TZ0.25b: Explain why the rotation curves are evidence for the existence of dark matter.
• 16N.3.HL.TZ0.25a: Calculate the rotation velocity of stars 4.0 kpc from the centre of the galaxy. The average...
• 16N.3.HL.TZ0.24c: Explain how the observation of type Ia supernovae led to the hypothesis that dark energy exists.
• 16N.3.HL.TZ0.24b: Hence, explain why a type Ia supernova is used as a standard candle.
• 16N.3.HL.TZ0.24a: Describe how some white dwarf stars become type Ia supernovae.
• 16M.3.HL.TZ0.21b: Explain one experimental observation that supports the presence of dark matter.
• 16M.3.HL.TZ0.21a: On the axes, sketch a graph of the variation of cosmic scale factor with time for (i) a closed...
• 16M.3.HL.TZ0.20b: Describe three differences between type Ia and type II supernovae.
• 16M.3.HL.TZ0.20a: State the Jeans criterion for star formation.
• 15N.3.HL.TZ0.2e.ii: Describe two physical changes that the Sun will undergo as it enters the red giant stage.
• 15N.3.HL.TZ0.2e.i: Outline why the Sun will leave the main sequence, and describe the nuclear processes that occur...
• 15M.3.SL.TZ1.16c: State one reason why it is difficult to determine the density of the universe.
• 15M.3.SL.TZ1.16b: Explain how the open and closed outcomes for the universe depend on the critical density of...
• 13M.3.SL.TZ1.15a: (i) State what is meant by a standard candle. (ii) Outline the properties of a Cepheid star that...
• 11M.3.SL.TZ2.15b: Suggest one reason why it is difficult to estimate the density of matter in the universe.
• 11M.3.SL.TZ2.15a: Explain, with reference to the possible fate of the universe, the significance of the critical...
• 11N.3.SL.TZ0.12b: The future development of the universe is determined by the relationship between the apparent...
• 12M.3.SL.TZ2.14b: The diagram represents how the universe might develop if its density were greater than the...
• 12N.3.SL.TZ0.16a: Theoretical studies indicate that the universe may be open, closed or flat. (i) State, by...
• 12M.3.SL.TZ2.14a: Define, with reference to the flat model of the universe, critical density.