(i) State the magnitude of the horizontal component of acceleration of the ball after it leaves the cliff.

(ii) On the axes below, sketch graphs to show how the horizontal and vertical components of the velocity of the ball, v_x and v_y , change with time t until just before the ball hits the ground. It is not necessary to calculate any values.

(i) Calculate the time taken for the ball to reach the ground.

(ii) Calculate the horizontal distance travelled by the ball until just before it reaches the ground.

Another projectile is launched at an angle to the ground. In the absence of air resistance it follows the parabolic path shown below.

On the diagram above, sketch the path that the projectile would follow if air resistance were not negligible.

(i) zero;

(ii) horizontal: any horizontal line not on t-axis (accept lines above or below t-axis);
vertical: any diagonal line starting at origin (accept positive or negative gradients);

(i) \({s_y} = \frac{1}{2}{a_y}{t^2} \Rightarrow 110 = \frac{1}{2} \times 10 \times {t^2}\);
t=4.690≈4.7s;

(ii) s_x=u_xt=5.0×4.690;
s_x=23m;

lower maximum height;
lower horizontal range;
asymmetrical with horizontal range before maximum height more than horizontal
range after maximum height;