| Date | November 2018 | Marks available | 22 | Reference code | 18N.Paper 2.BP.TZ0.8 |
| Level | SL and HL | Paper | Paper 2 | Time zone | TZ0 |
| Command term | Examine | Question number | 8 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
Examine one or more prevention strategies for substance abuse and/or addictive behaviour.
Markscheme
Refer to the paper 2 assessment criteria when awarding marks.
The command term “examine” requires candidates to consider an argument or concept in a way that uncovers the assumptions and relationships between substance abuse and/or addictive behaviour and strategies designed to prevent this behaviour.
Substance abuse and/or addictive behaviour may refer to addictions to tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, sex, gambling, or food, among others.
Relevant prevention strategies may include, but are not limited to:
- targeting risk groups with health education
- use of social learning in media campaigns
- fear arousal through advertising
- government interventions, banning advertising, increasing the cost of the substance, or banning smoking and alcohol.
Relevant campaigns/studies may include, but are not limited to:
- smoking prevention campaigns such as the TRUTH anti-tobacco campaign in Florida in the 1990s
- the Australia North Coast study of the “Quit For Life” campaign, which resulted in a 15 percent reduction in smoking over three years
- Carr’s (1994) field study on the use of peer education in the prevention of fetal alcohol syndrome in Canada.
In order to respond to the command term “examine”, candidates may refer to:
- health beliefs within cultures
- lifestyle and sociocultural context
- availability of health institutions
- socio-economic status.
Responses may examine treatment of substance abuse and/or addictive behaviour (for example, Alcoholics Anonymous, nicotine patches) and this approach should be awarded marks if the response indicates that this treatment will prevent further substance abuse and/or addictive behaviour. For example, in secondary prevention (such as for alcohol use disorder or nicotine addiction) in order to prevent relapse.
Candidates may address one or a small number of prevention strategies in order to demonstrate depth of knowledge, or may address a larger number of prevention strategies in order to demonstrate breadth of knowledge. Both approaches are equally acceptable.
