Explain how one principle that defines the biological level of analysis has been demonstrated in one example of research (theory or study).

Refer to the paper 1 section A markbands when awarding marks.

The command term “explain” requires candidates to give a detailed account, including reasons or causes, of how one theory or study clearly demonstrates a principle relevant to the biological level of analysis.

Acceptable principles may include, but are not limited to:

• behaviour is, to some extent, genetically based
• animal research may inform our understanding of human behaviour
• there are biological correlates to human behaviour.

Responses should focus on the link between the principle and the theory or study – for example, a specific example of what animal research teaches us about human behaviour.

If a candidate explains more than one principle in relation to one or more theories or studies, credit should be given only to the first principle explained in the first theory or study used.

If a relevant principle and research are described but the link is not explicitly explained, then apply the markbands up to a maximum of [6].

If a candidate explains a relevant principle making no link to an example of research at the biological level of analysis, up to a maximum of [4] should be awarded.

If a candidate makes reference to a study or theory at the biological level of analysis but there is no relevant principle outlined, up to a maximum of [3] should be awarded.