State the percentage of oil used in plastic production in 2014.

Calculate how many barrels of oil were used in 2014 for the creation of plastics. Show your workings.

Outline the difference between a renewable and a non-renewable resource.

Outline why manufacturers would use the strategy of dematerializing plastic products.

Outline the scale of production that would be most appropriate for the manufacture of plastic products using the process of injection moulding.

Compare the ease of recovery and disposal of thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics.

Plastic has a high embodied energy. Define embodied energy.

Outline one advantage of injection moulded plastic.

List two drivers for employing clean technology in the production of Dish Doctor.

Explain why solid modelling is advantageous in the development of the Dish Doctor.

6 % ✓

Award [1] for stating the percentage of oil used in plastic production in 2014.

$106.5\times 365$ million $=38,872.5$ million  (or $38,872,500,000$)

$38,872.5$ million$\times 0.06=2332.35$ million barrels (or $2,332,350,000$ barrels) ✓

or

$6\%$ of $106.5=6.39$ ✓

$6.39\times 365=2332.35$ million barrels ✓

Award [1] for the correct answer.

Award [1] for showing the working out.

Final answer must be indicated in millions but does not need to include the term ‘barrels’.

renewable resources will not run out/can be replenished within a reasonable timeframe/are infinite ✓

non-renewable resources will run out/cannot be replenished as they do not re-form at a rate that makes its use sustainable/are finite ✓

Award [1] for identifying each difference between renewable and non-renewable energy up to [2].

dematerialization is a process that encourages the reduction of total material and energy utilisation ✓

which can be beneficial from an economic/environmental standpoint/promote the company as environmentally conscious/reduce the overall demand on oil/enhance green credentials ✓

Award [1] for identifying a reason why manufacturers would use a strategy of dematerialization of plastic products and [1] for a brief explanation.

Do not award any marks for responses which simply state: 'dematerialization reduces amount of material used' or ‘less waste’.

volume/continuous flow/mass production ✓
provides simple/consistent/rapid/precise production method ✓

volume/continuous flow/mass production ✓
for manufacture in large quantities/benefits economies of scale ✓

Award [1] for identifying a scale of production that would be appropriate for the manufacture of plastic products using injection moulding and [1] for a brief explanation.

thermoplastics can be heated and reformed/have a linear chain structure/weak polymer bond ✓

thermosetting plastics can usually only be heated and formed once/have cross linking polymers that form a strong bond ✓

this means that thermoplastics can be repurposed/makes them more appropriate or viable for recycling ✓

Award [1] for each of three distinct points in a comparison of the ease pf recovery and disposal of thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics.

Do not accept answers that simply state that thermoset plastics cannot be reheated/reformed.

Accept an appropriate example for the third mark i.e. recycled drink bottles used for clothing.

the total energy required to produce a product ✓

Award [1] for a correct definition of embodied energy.

cost effective ✓
as it is a high volume/automated/mechanised production system ✓

repeatability/consistency ✓
as the exact same mould is utilised to produce all components/parts ✓

high precision/accuracy ✓
allows detailed features/complex shapes/textures/surface finishes ✓

efficient use of material ✓
waste is minimised/excess plastic can easily be recycled ✓

Award [1] for identifying an advantage of injection moulded plastic and [1] for a brief explanation.

Do not award a mark for “rapid production method”.

Do not award marks across different clusters.

promoting positive impact ✓

ensuring neutral impact ✓

minimising negative impacts through conserving natural resources ✓

reducing pollution and use of energy ✓

reducing wastage of energy and resources ✓

legislation ✓

incentives ✓

consumer/pressure groups/media ✓

Award [1] for listing each driver for employing clean technology in the production of the Dish Doctor.

Do not accept answers such as “reduce environmental impact” or “environmentally friendly”.

solid models provide accurate data/a detailed impression of the product with dimensions and tolerances ✓
which the designer uses to communicate/get feedback from client/manufacturers ✓
making it easy to make necessary improvements/modifications ✓

solid models can measure the volume ✓
to calculate the material quantity/cost ✓
optimising manufacturing capability ✓

solid models can test the structure of the materials ✓
to calculate the load (FEA) ✓
optimising the performance of product ✓

Award [1] for each of three distinct points in an explanation of why solid modelling is advantageous in the development of the Dish Doctor.

Do not award marks across different clusters.