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Date	November 2018	Marks available	2	Reference code	18N.3.HL.TZ0.19
Level	Higher level	Paper	Paper 3	Time zone	0 - no time zone
Command term	Outline	Question number	19	Adapted from	N/A

Question

The graph shows the variation with distance from the Earth of the recessional velocities of distant galaxies.

Outline how Hubble measured the recessional velocities of galaxies.

[2]

Use the graph to determine the age of the universe in s.

[3]

Markscheme

measured redshift «z» of star ✔

use of Doppler formula OR z∼v/c OR v = $\frac{{c\Delta \lambda }}{\lambda }$ to find v ✔

OWTTE

use of gradient or any point on the line to obtain any expression for either ${\text{H}} = \frac{{\text{v}}}{{\text{d}}}$ or ${\text{t}} = \frac{{\text{d}}}{{\text{v}}}$ ✔

correct conversion of d to m and v to m/s ✔

= 4.6 × 10¹⁷ «s» ✔

Examiners report

[N/A]

Syllabus sections

Option D: Astrophysics » Option D: Astrophysics (Core topics) » D.3 – Cosmology

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19N.3.SL.TZ0.11b(i):
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Use the graph to determine the age of the universe in s.
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Option D: Astrophysics » Option D: Astrophysics (Core topics)

Option D: Astrophysics

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