DP Chemistry Questionbank

Which solution forms when phosphorus(V) oxide, P₄O₁₀, reacts with water?

In addition to magnesium oxide, magnesium forms another compound when burned in air. Suggest the formula of this compound

Which oxide will dissolve in water to give the solution with the lowest pH?

A.  ${\mathrm{P}}_4{\mathrm{O}}_{10}$

B.  ${\mathrm{SiO}}_2$

C.  ${\mathrm{Al}}_2{\mathrm{O}}_3$

D.  $\mathrm{MgO}$

Explain why the melting points of the group 1 metals (Li → Cs) decrease down the group whereas the melting points of the group 17 elements (F → I) increase down the group.

Which is a d-block element?

A.  Ca

B.  Cf

C.  C$\text{l}$

D.  Co

The nitride ion and the magnesium ion are isoelectronic (they have the same electron configuration). Determine, giving a reason, which has the greater ionic radius.

Which describes an atom of bismuth, Bi (Z = 83)?

Which of the following would have the same numerical value for all elements in the same period?

A. Highest energy levels occupied

B. Energy sub-levels occupied

C. Orbitals occupied

D. Valence electrons

Another airbag reactant produces nitrogen gas and sodium.

Suggest, including an equation, why the products of this reactant present a safety hazard.

Outline why the chlorine atom has a smaller atomic radius than the sulfur atom.

The nitride ion and the magnesium ion are isoelectronic (they have the same electron configuration). Determine, giving a reason, which has the greater ionic radius.

State, giving a reason, whether the chlorine atom or the chloride ion has a larger radius.

Outline why the chlorine atom has a smaller atomic radius than the sulfur atom.

Suggest a gas which should be continuously passed over the molten magnesium in the electrolytic cell.

Suggest why the melting point of vanadium is higher than that of titanium.

Some oxides of period 3, such as Na₂O and P₄O₁₀, react with water. A spatula measure of each oxide was added to a separate 100 cm³ flask containing distilled water and a few drops of bromothymol blue indicator.

The indicator is listed in section 22 of the data booklet.

Deduce the colour of the resulting solution and the chemical formula of the product formed after reaction with water for each oxide.

Suggest two reasons why solid calcium has a greater density than solid potassium.

Predict, giving two reasons, how the first ionization energy of ¹⁵N compares with that of ¹⁴N.

Suggest why it is surprising that dinitrogen monoxide dissolves in water to give a neutral solution.

Suggest a gas which should be continuously passed over the molten magnesium in the electrolytic cell.

Justify why sulfur is classified as a non-metal by giving two of its chemical properties.

Outline why atomic radius decreases across period 3, sodium to chlorine.

Explain why the first ionization energy of calcium is greater than that of potassium.

Before its isolation, scientists predicted the existence of rhenium and some of its properties.

Suggest the basis of these predictions.

State, giving a reason, whether the chlorine atom or the chloride ion has a larger radius.

Explain why an aluminium-titanium alloy is harder than pure aluminium.

Which trends are correct across period 3 (from Na to Cl)?

I.   Atomic radius decreases
II.  Melting point increases
III. First ionization energy increases

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

Outline, in terms of their electronic structures, why the ionic radius of the sulfide ion is greater than that of the oxide ion.

Outline, in terms of their electronic structures, why the ionic radius of the sulfide ion is greater than that of the oxide ion.

Justify why sulfur is classified as a non-metal by giving two of its chemical properties.

Calcium carbide reacts with water to form ethyne and calcium hydroxide.

CaC₂(s) + H₂O(l) → C₂H₂(g) + Ca(OH)₂(aq)

Estimate the pH of the resultant solution.

Calcium carbide reacts with water to form ethyne and calcium hydroxide.

CaC₂(s) + H₂O(l) → C₂H₂(g) + Ca(OH)₂(aq)

Estimate the pH of the resultant solution.

Sketch how the first ionization energies of elements vary with their atomic radius.

Which equation represents the first electron affinity of chlorine? 

A. Cl(g)+e^-→ Cl^-(g)
B. $\frac{1}{2}$Cl₂(g) + e^- → Cl^-(g) 
C. Cl⁺(g) + e^- → Cl(g) 
D. Cl(g) → Cl⁺(g) + e^-

Which electron configuration is that of a transition metal atom in the ground state?

A. [Ne]3s²3p⁶4s¹

B. [Ar]3d⁹

C. 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p²

D. [Ar]4s¹3d⁵

Outline why the alkali metals (group 1) have similar chemical properties.

Suggest why the existence of salts containing an ion with this formula could be predicted. Refer to section 6 of the data booklet.

Which describes an atom of bismuth, Bi (Z = 83)?

Which of the following shows a general increase across period 3 from $\mathrm{Na}$ to $\mathrm{Cl}$?

A.  Ionic radius

B.  Atomic radius

C.  Ionization energy

D.  Melting point

Explain why the melting points of the group 1 metals (Li → Cs) decrease down the group.

Write equations for the separate reactions of solid sodium oxide and solid phosphorus(V) oxide with excess water and differentiate between the solutions formed.

Sodium oxide, Na₂O:

Phosphorus(V) oxide, P₄O₁₀:

Differentiation:

Suggest, with a reason, whether the lanthanoids or actinoids of the f-block would have the higher density.

Sketch how the first ionization energies of elements vary with their atomic radius.

State an equation for the reaction of phosphorus (V) oxide, P₄O₁₀ (s), with water.

Suggest two reasons why solid calcium has a greater density than solid potassium.

Outline why the ionic radius of K⁺ is smaller than that of Cl⁻.

Which of the following is the electron configuration of a metallic element?

A.  [Ne] 3s² 3p²

B.  [Ne] 3s² 3p⁴

C.  [Ne] 3s² 3p⁶ 3d³ 4s²

D.  [Ne] 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁵

Write equations for the separate reactions of solid sodium oxide and solid phosphorus(V) oxide with excess water and differentiate between the solutions formed.

Sodium oxide, Na₂O:

Phosphorus(V) oxide, P₄O₁₀:

Differentiation:

Suggest, with a reason, whether the lanthanoids or actinoids of the f-block would have the higher density.